PP／EPDM／云母共混复合材料的研究

冲击强度和弯曲模量是聚丙烯共混材料中存在的一个矛盾，通过ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／云母三元共混得一以具有高冲击强度和高弯曲模量的硬而韧的复合材料，并将其用于汽车塑料件中。本文研究了ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／云母的共混物配方、共混体系中ＥＰＤＭ和云母含量与冲击强度和弯曲模量间的关系，分析了云母的表面处理及ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／云母材料断面ＳＥＭ照片，提出了该材料的结构形态模型。     

PP／CaCO3复合体系的力学性能及其影响因素

考察了ＰＰ基体种类,偶联剂种类,ＣａＣＯ３添加量,加工条件,助偶联剂及橡胶弹性体等因素对ＰＰ／ＣａＣＯ３复合材料力学性能的影响,实验结果表明：铝酸酯或烷基羧酸盐等作为ＰＰ／ＣａＣＯ３复合体系的偶联剂,可使ＰＰ／ＣａＣＯ３复合体系即使在ＣａＣＯ３高添加量的情况下,其冲击韧性也可得到一定提高;而助偶联剂改性石蜡或橡胶弹性体ＥＰＤＭ的添加,可使ＰＰ／ＣａＣＯ３复合体系的冲击强度得到进一步的改善;ＰＰ／Ｃ     

硫酸钙晶须／PP／EPDM复合材料力学性能研究

采用对硫酸钙晶须进行表面处理和提高ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ基体树脂极性的方法制得具有良好界面层的硫酸钙晶须／ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ复合材料。力学性能测试结果表明，硫酸钙晶须可提高ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ基体的拉伸强度和弯曲强度，通过控制各组分配比可制得韧性和刚度均衡的复合材料。     

EPDM／PP热塑性弹性体的制备及性能研究

以充油三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）,粉状聚丙烯（ＰＰ）、超细活性滑石粉为基本材料,采用动态硫化法在单螺杆挤出机组上制备ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＰ共混型热塑性弹性体（ＴＰＶ）;用力学性能试验及动态热流变仪方法测定了ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＰ－ＴＰＶ的性能。结果表明,当ＥＰＤＭ充油量为２０％－３０％时,ＥＰＤＭ与ＰＰ熔融共混效果好;ＤＣＰ用量为１．２％－１．５％时,ＥＰＤＭ／ＰＰ共混体系达到完全动态硫化;超细滑石粉最佳添加量为１     

DSC法对动态硫化PP／EPDM中PP—EPDM共交联结构的研究

根据共交联ＰＰ分子与正常ＰＰ分子在结晶与熔融特征及其对外因素响应上的差异,采用ＤＳＣ分析方法,研究了动态硫化ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ中ＰＰ－ＥＰＤＭ共交联结构。结果显示在动态硫化ＰＰ－ＥＰＤＭ的熔融ＤＳＣ曲线上的１５０℃曲线上约１５０℃处出现一新的熔融峰,改变结晶速率或ＤＳＣ测试程序,可发现形成这一新峰的化学结构具有强烈的结晶滞后性,而简单共混ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ的ＤＳＣ曲线上始终未出现类似新峰。结合化学反应理论     

LLDPE—氢氧化镁复合材料性能研究

研究了偶联剂种类及用量与以线型低密度聚乙烯（ＬＬＤＰＥ）为基体的复合材料ＬＬＤＰＥ－Ｍｇ（ＣＨ）２的力学性能关系；同时考察了处理与未处理的氢氧化镁对复合体系力学性能及阻燃性能影响。结果表明，经表面处理的Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２填充到ＬＬＤＰＥ中，其复合体系的分散性、力学性能、流动性均优于未处理的ＬＬＤＰＥ－Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２复合体系，且关剂对Ｍｇ（ＯＨ）２的表面改性处理，主要改善了材料的力学性能，对阻燃性能影响     

PP/EPDM/玻璃微珠复合材料动态力学性能的研究

应用动态力学分析仪,考察了玻璃微珠表面处理及其体积分数对ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／玻璃微珠复合材料动态力学性能的影响。结果表明,ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／用硅烷偶联剂ＣＰ０３作表面处理的玻璃微珠（Ｂ１）和ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／未作表面处理的玻璃微珠（Ｂ２）复合材料的储能模量Ｅｃ′和损耗模量Ｅｃ″均随玻璃微珠体积分数φｇ的增大而呈非线性的增大;在相同条件下,ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／Ｂ１复合材料的Ｅｃ′值大于ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／Ｂ２复合材料,而两复合材料的Ｅｃ″值相近;随着φｇ的增大,ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／Ｂ１复合材料的损耗因子ｔａｎδ减小,ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／Ｂ２复合材料的ｔａｎδ增大;两复合材料的玻璃化转变温度Ｔｇ均呈不规则的变化。     

PP/HDPE/EPDM共混物的研究

研究了聚丙烯（ＰＰ）、高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）和ＥＰＤＭ共混制备非交联型ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＤＭ三元共混物。结果表明，当共混比ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＤＭ＝６５／２０／１５，活性碳酸钙为３０份，ＨＤＰＥ品种为ＧＦ７７５０，采用先把ＨＤＰＥ和ＥＰＤＭ预制成混料再与ＰＰ共混的方法，可得到性能良好的ＰＰ／ＨＤＰＥ／ＥＰＤＭ共混物。     

高冲击韧性PP／EPDM／CaCO3复合材料研究

通过在以烷基羧酸盐为表面处理剂的ＰＰ／ＣａＣＯ３复合体系中添加改性聚烯烃和ＥＰＤＭ的方法，研制了高冲击韧性ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ／ＣａＣＯ３复合材料，在该材料中，由于烷基羧酸盐可以和ＣａＣＯ３发生某种物理化学作用，被牢固地键接在ＣａＣＯ３表面上，且改性聚烯烃能与烷基羧酸盐的长链末端产生良好的分子间力作用，并对ＥＰＤＭ橡胶弹性体中聚乙烯部分发生选择性相容，使ＥＰＤＭ倾向于包覆在ＣａＣＯ３表面上，相当于增大了     

PP／EPDM硫化与非硫化共混物微观形态及流变行为的研究

本文采用二段共混方法，先制得ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ硫化与非硫化增韧母料，该两种母料对ＰＰ的改性，其共混物的微观形态及宏观力学性能显示极大的差异。所采用的硫化剂可以使ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ共混物中的ＥＰＤＭ发生动态硫化作用，且使ＰＰ接枝于ＥＰＤＭ交联网络上。非硫化体系中ＥＰＤＭ呈根须状分布于ＰＰ球晶之间和内部；而硫化体系中，ＥＰＤＭ主要分布于球晶间，与ＰＰ相呈“海－岛”结构，并与ＰＰ球晶有很好的界面过渡。在ＥＰＤＭ含量相同的情况下，硫化体系比非硫化体系具有更高的耐冲击强度，且ＥＰＤＭ含量愈多时，这种效果愈加明显。流变行为分析表明，ＰＰ／ＥＰＤＭ共混物属于假塑性流体（ｎ＜１），在一定剪切速率下，ＥＰＤＭ含量的增加及ＥＰＤＭ的硫化，都使共混物的表观粘度ηａ增加，挤出膨胀比Ｂ减小，非牛顿指数ｎ减小，非牛顿流体性质更明显。     

Mechanical properties of wood-fiber/toughened isotactic polypropylene composites

This study investigates the mechanical properties of wood-fiber/toughened PP composite modified by physical blending with an EPDM rubber to improve impact toughness. Wood-fiber thermoplastic composites were prepared with a modified PP matrix resin, employing high shear thermokinetic compounding aided with maleated PP for the fiber dispersion. The addition of EPDM improved the impact toughness, while it reduced stiffness and strength properties. To compensate the non-plane strain fracture toughness, the specimen strength ratio (R_sb) was adopted as a comparative measure of fracture toughness. The strength ratio increased with the addition of EPDM, while it decreased with increasing wood-fiber concentration. The work of fracture increased with EPDM level except at large wood-fiber concentration. The effectiveness of the impact modification was assessed with the balance between tensile modulus and unnotched impact energy as a function of wood-fiber concentration. EPDM rubber modification was moderately effective for wood-fiber PP composites. The examination of fracture surfaces showed twisted fibers, fiber breakage, and fiber pull-out from the matrix resin.     

PP/EPDM/纳米弹性体粒子三元共混体系的脆韧转变

研究了PP／EPDM／纳米弹性体粒子(ENP)三元共混体系的脆韧转变行为。结果表明，与PP／EPDM二元共混物相比，三元共混物的脆韧转变可以在EPDM质量分数较低的情况下发生；在橡胶总质量分数相同的情况下，三元共混物有更高的冲击强度，拉伸强度有一定提高。从脆断样条的扫描电镜照片观察到，在相同EPDM质量分数下，PP／EPDM／ENP三元共混物中的EPDM粒子明显细化，分布均一，粒子间距减小，这是脆韧转变提前的原因。     

加工方法对动态硫化的聚丙烯/三元乙丙橡胶/甲基丙烯酸锌复合材料的力学性能影响

通过三种不同的加工手段,制备了动态硫化的聚丙烯(PP)/三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)/甲基丙烯酸锌(ZDMA)复合材料。结果表明,Haake密炼机制备的复合材料综合性能较佳,并且较低的加工温度能够获得综合性能较好的PP/EPDM/ZDMA复合材料。力学性能的数据表明,EPDM的加入,在降低了PP拉伸强度的同时,增加了PP的韧性,而加入ZDMA则进一步提高了复合材料的冲击强度。     

Mechanical properties and morphologies of PP/mPE/filler composites

Because of the poor impact behavior of polypropylene (PP) at low temperatures, the blending of PP with metallocene‐polymerized polyethylene (mPE) elastomers was investigated in this study. However, a reduced modulus of the overall blend was inevitable because of the addition to elastomers. To obtain a balance of the properties, we introduced rigid inorganic fillers to PP/mPE blends. The performance of the composites was characterized with tensile and Charpy notched impact tests, and the fracture morphology was examined with scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the effects of fillers in a brittle matrix and in a ductile matrix were quantitatively different. For PP/mPE/filler ternary composites, the dependence of Young's modulus and yield strength on CaCO₃ content was not significant compared with that of PP/filler binary composites, whereas the elongation at break and tensile toughness at room temperature for PP/mPE/filler systems were more improved. The impact strength of the PP/mPE blends filled with untreated glass beads and CaCO₃ at a low temperature was lowered because of the weak interfacial bond. However, the values of the impact strength of the PP/mPE/filler composites at a low temperature remained at a high level compared with that of pure PP. In particular, a PP/mPE blend filled with surface‐treated kaolin had a higher low‐temperature impact toughness than the unfilled blend. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 3029–3035, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.2333     

The effects of dynamic vulcanization and compatibilizer on properties of paper sludge‐filled polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer composites

The effects of dynamic vulcanization (DV) and dynamic vulcanization plus compatibilizer (DVC) of paper sludge (PS) filled polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (PP/EPDM) composites on torque development, mechanical properties, water absorption, morphology, and thermal properties were studied. Results show that DV and DVC composites exhibit higher stabilization torque than unvulcanized composites (UV). The dynamic vulcanized (DV) and dynamic vulcanized plus compatibilizer (DVC) composites exhibit higher tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus but lower water absorption than unvulcanized composites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) study of tensile fracture surface of DV and DVC composites shows the improved interfacial interaction between PS and PP/EPDM matrix. The DV and DVC composites also exhibit better thermal stability and higher crystallinity than unvulcanized PP/EPDM/PS composites. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Study of polypropylene/ethylene‐propylene‐diene monomer blends reinforced with sisal fibers

Thermoplastics reinforced with natural fibers have attracted much attention from researchers because of their advantages, especially regarding environmental aspects. However, poor impact strength, particularly at low temperatures, limits the application of some thermoplastics, such as polypropylene (PP). To minimize this drawback, impact modifiers have been used, including the terpolymer of ethylene‐propylene‐diene (EPDM). In this work, PP/EPDM/sisal composites of distinct compositions were investigated focusing on the effect of the alkali (NaOH) treatment of the vegetable fiber on the composites properties regarding physical, mechanical, thermal, and morphological behavior. The results indicated that flow rate decreases at higher fiber content due to flow hindering by the presence of the fibers. The addition of the fiber, in general, increased Young's modulus and strength (tensile and flexural), whereas impact strength increased for higher EPDM content. The alkali treatment was considered generally efficient in terms of mechanical properties, even though this was not found in the dynamic mechanical analysis. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

The composition,morphology, and mechanical properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer‐encapsulated coal gangue powder/polypropylene composites

The ternary composites of coal gangue powder encapsulated by ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) filled polypropylene (PP) were prepared to reduce the cost and control the microstructure aiming at high performance cost ratio materials. The result showed that EPDM can not only enhance the interaction between coal gangue powder and the matrix but also promote the dispersion of coal gangue powder. With the addition of coal gangue encapsulated by EPDM, the impact strength of composition dropped greatly, but it still kept about 11 kJ/m² when the content of encapsulated coal gangue powder is more than 18 wt%. The tensile strength and fracture toughness (w_e) also dropped with the addition of encapsulated coal gangue powder, but only a small drop occurred when the content of encapsulated coal gangue powder is less than 18 wt% and great drop emerged when the content is larger than 18 wt%. Compared with coal gangue powder/PP binary composition, the ternary compositions involve higher content of coal gangue powder but present better properties. POLYM. COMPOS., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Morphology/behavior relationship and recyclability of composites based on PP/EPDM blends and short aramid fibers

The effect of short aramid fibers on the mechanical behavior of polypropylene (PP) and ethylene‐propylene‐diene (EPDM) and their blends has been investigated by means of an experimental design. The results have shown that aramid fibers are very effective reinforcing agents for composites when the continuous phase of the matrix is constituted by PP, so sensible increments in tensile modulus and strength are obtained as fiber content in the composites increases. An optimal matrix composition and fiber content has been observed that produced high abrasion resistance compounds. However, the abrasion resistance of very rich EPDM matrices is hardly affected by fibers content. The addition of fibers to EPDM rich (>50%) matrices gives rise to a sensible decrease of the impact strength of this polymer. However, at PP contents above 50% in the polymer matrix, an increase of impact strength is observed at fiber percentages in the composites above 10%. The different behavior of the fibers depending on matrix type can be attributed to a better affinity of these fibers for PP matrix. Morphological studies of the composites have been carried out by scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the price and recyclability of these materials have been analyzed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2474–2484, 2002     

废胶粉填充改性PP复合材料

采用熔融挤出共混的方法,选用三种废胶粉填充聚丙烯(PP),制备了PP/废胶粉复合材料,研究了废胶粉质量分数对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明:废旧三元乙丙橡胶粉可明显提高复合材料冲击强度和拉伸断裂应变,当其质量分数为60%时,简支梁缺口冲击强度可提高33%,拉伸断裂应变增大了26%,有显著的增韧效果:废旧杂胶粉的加入使...