直接序列扩频多址通信系统中最佳线性多用户信号检测器研究

本文提出了平均误经特率最小意义下的最佳线性多用户信号检测器，并给出了救解这种最佳线性多用户信号检测器的近似方法－－训练单层感知器法，初步的研究结果表明；这种检测器的性能优于以往多种检测器。     

直接序列扩频多址通信系统中最佳线性多用户信号检测器研究

本文提出了平均误比特率最小意义下的最佳线性用多用户信号检测器，并给出地求解这种最佳线性用户信号检测器的近似方法一训练单层感知器法。初步的研究结果表明，这种检测器的性能优于以往多种检测器。     

一种组合式多用户信号检测器

本文通过软判决和判决反馈技术将两种线性多用户信号检测器－解相关信号检测器和传统多用户信号检测器有机地结合到一起，构造了一种组合式多用户信号检测器。仿真结果表明：它的性能优于解相关信号检测器和传统多用户信号检测器。它的运算复杂度与用户数仍成线性关系。     

基于子空间的盲多用户检测

分析和研究了一种基于信号子空间估计的盲多用户检测方案,分析了两种线性多用户检测器(解相关检测器和线性MMSE检测器)在信号子空间参数下的闭式解及其抗远近效应能力。文章最后给出了仿真结果。     

平坦瑞利衰落信道中多用户检测器的性能分析

在采用传统信号检测方式的CDMA系统中,多址干扰限制了系统的容量和性能.本文分析了在精确估计信道的情况下平坦瑞利衰落信道中的判决反馈和线性解相关两种多用户检测器的性能,主要分析了二者的误码率性能和抗远近效应的能力,并首次分析了衰落信道中的渐近多用户效率(AME).结果表明,判决反馈多用户检测器的渐近多用户效率优于线性解相关检测器.     

一种多径衰落信道中的多用户检测算法

针对多径衰落CDMA信道,提出了一种基于信号子空间估计的联合盲特征波形估计与多用户检测方案,分析了两处线性多用户检测器（解相关检测器和线性MMSE检测器）在信号子空间参数下的闭式解及其抗远近效应能力,并讨论了用于联合盲特征波形估计与多用户检测实现的PASTd算法。最后给出了仿真结果。     

自适应支撑矢量机多用户检测

最佳多用户检测器是非线性检测器,特征码不完全正交时,线性检测器很难逼近最佳检测器.通常无线通信信道具有时变性,要求多用户检测算法具有自适应性.本文提出了一种自适应支撑矢量机方法,并把它用于信道时变情况下的多用户检测.一方面由于支撑矢量机引入的结构风险不仅包括经验风险最小化,而且又包括了容量控制项,这使得支撑矢量机多用户检测推广能力较好且对训练要求的样本数也大大下降;另一方面由于支撑矢量机的非线性特性可以比线性检测器更好地逼近最佳检测器.仿真结果较好地证实了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

一种神经网络多用户检测器

本文提出采用Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络实现ＣＤＭＡ多用户通信系统中多用户信号的检测。利用基于检测序列最大后验概率最佳多用户检测器的似然函数与Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络的能量函数的对应关系,构造一种离散Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络多用户检测器。研究表明,这种多用户检测器具有优良的性能,其计算复杂度低于最佳多用户检测器、抑制多址干扰和克服远近效应能力又大大优于传统检测器。     

基于Hopfield神经网络的多用户信号检测器

用连续Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络实现ＣＤＭＡ通信系统中多用户信号检测的设想，并针对同步ＣＤＭＡ系统构造了基于连续Ｈｏｐｆｉｅｌｄ神经网络的用户信号检测器。计算机仿真结果表明：这种检测器的性能远远优于传统检测器的性能，它的性能可与最佳多用户信号检测相比拟。     

一种特别的多用户系统的非盲辨识方法

本文把循环频率域作为一个新的维度来对接收信号进行处理,提出了一种多用户线性时不变系统的非盲检测方法。     

Preselection-type coherent decorrelating detector for asynchronous DS-CDMA

A new multiuser coherent decorrelating detector is proposed for the reverse-link asynchronous channels of DS-CDMA. The main feature of the proposed scheme is that it selects the largest interferences to be decorrelated, using the received power of the users and the crosscorrelation between the users. The proposed preselection-type coherent decorrelating detector offers better bit error rate (BER) performance than the conventional decorrelating detector, especially when the number of the received signals swamps the processing gain     

Near-ML multiuser detection with linear filters and reliability-based processing

The prohibitive - exponential in the number of users - computational complexity of the maximum-likelihood multiuser detector for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access communications has fueled an extensive research effort for the development of low-complexity multiuser detection alternatives. We show that we can efficiently and effectively approach the error rate performance of the optimum multiuser detector as follows. We utilize a multiuser zero-forcing or minimum mean-square error (MMSE) linear filter as a preprocessor and we establish that the output magnitudes, when properly scaled, provide a reliability measure for each user bit decision. Then, we prepare an ordered, reliability-based error search sequence of length linear in the number of users; it returns the most likely user bit vector among all visited options. Numerical and simulation studies for moderately loaded systems that permit exact implementation of the optimum detector indicate that the error rate performance of the optimum and the proposed detector are nearly indistinguishable over the whole predetection. signal-to-noise ratio range of practical interest. Similar studies for higher user loads (that prohibit comparisons with the optimum detector) demonstrate error rate performance gains of orders of magnitude in comparison with straight decorrelating or MMSE multiuser detection.     

Optimum Multiuser Asymptotic Efficiency

The degradation in bit error rate due to the presence of multiple-access interference in a white Gaussian channel can be measured by the multiuser asymptotic efficiency, defined as the ratio between the SNR required to achieve the same uncoded bit error rate in the absence of interfering users and the actual SNR. In this paper, the asymptotic efficiency of the optimum multiuser demodulator (a bank of matched filters followed by a Viterbi algorithm) is investigated and compared to that of the conventional single-user matched filter receiver. The computation of the optimum asymptotic efficiency of any given user is equivalent to the minimization of the Euclidean distance between any pair of multiuser signals which differ in at least one of the symbols of that user. It is shown that the optimum multiuser efficiency of asynchronous systems is nonzero with probability 1, and therefore the optimum demodulator does not become multiple-access limited in contrast to the single-user receiver. A class of signal constellations with moderate cross-correlation requirements is shown to achieve unit optimum multiuser efficiencies and, hence, to be equivalent to orthogonal signal sets from the viewpoint of performance of the optimum multiuser detector.     

CDMA移动通信系统中的分组并行多用户信号检测器

该文提出了一种新的分组并行多用户信号检测器结构,推导了这种多用户信号检测器的检测算法,算法的计算复杂度与用户数呈线性关系,而性能优于解相关检测器,检测器的总延时小于判决反馈多用户信号检测器。数值及仿真结果表明,当接收到的干扰信号功率高于有用信号:3dB以上时,分组并行多用户信号检测器的误码性能趋于某一值,因而该检测器可以有效地克服CDMA移动通信中的远近效应。     

Asymptotic multiuser efficiencies for decision-directed multiuserdetectors

The asymptotic multiuser efficiencies (AMEs) are derived for various classes of decision-directed multiuser detectors, including multistage detectors, and decision-feedback detectors. Novel classes of soft-decision multistage detectors are proposed and analyzed. Each class is specified in part by a soft-decision nonlinearity, such as a symmetric quantizer or a linear clipper. Closed-form expressions for two-user AMEs are derived for soft-decision two-stage detectors and can be used as a design criterion to optimize the soft-decision nonlinearities. For a special case of two synchronous users, the soft-decision two-stage detector using an optimized linear clipper with either conventional or decorrelated tentative decisions is shown to achieve optimum AME. Upper and lower bounds on the AME are obtained for decision-feedback detectors using either conventional or decorrelated tentative decisions. It is demonstrated that decision-directed multiuser detectors with conventional tentative decisions have low near-far resistance compared to those with decorrelated tentative decisions     

Near-far resistance of multiuser detectors in asynchronous channels

Consideration is given to an asynchronous code-division multiple-access environment in which receiver has knowledge of the signature waveforms of all the users. Under the assumption of white Gaussian background noise, the authors compare detectors by their worst case bit error rate in a near-far environment with low background noise, where the received energies of the users are unknown to the receiver and are not necessarily similar. Conventional single-user detection in a multiuser channel is not near-far resistant, and the substantially higher performance of the optimum multiuser detector requires exponential complexity in the number of users. The authors explore suboptimal demodulation schemes which exhibit a low order of complexity while not exhibiting the impairment of the conventional single-user detector. It is shown that there exists a linear detector whose bit-error-rate is independent of the energy of the interfering users. It is also shown that the near-far resistance of optimum multiuser detection can be achieved by a linear detector. The optimum linear detector for worst-case energies is found, along with existence conditions, which are always satisfied in the models of practical interest     

Linear multiuser detectors for synchronous code-divisionmultiple-access channels

Under the assumptions of symbol-synchronous transmissions and white Gaussian noise, the authors analyze the detection mechanism at the receiver, comparing different detectors by their bit error rates in the low-background-noise region and by their worst-case behavior in a near-far environment where the received energies of the users are not necessarily similar. Optimum multiuser detection achieves important performance gains over conventional single-user detection at the expense of computational complexity that grows exponentially with the number of users. It is shown that in the synchronous case the performance achieved by linear multiuser detectors is similar to that of optimum multiuser detection. Attention is focused on detectors whose linear memoryless transformation is a generalized inverse of the matrix of signature waveform crosscorrelations, and on the optimum linear detector. It is shown that the generalized inverse detectors exhibit the same degree of near-far resistance as the optimum multiuser detectors. The optimum linear detector is obtained     

A low complexity multiuser detector for synchronous CDMA system

In a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) system, multiuser detection (MUD) can exploit the information of signals from other interfering users to increase the system capacity. However, the optimum MUD for CDMA systems requires the solution of an NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem. It is well known that the computational complexity of the optimum multiuser detector is exponential with the number of active users in the system. In this paper, we apply a hybrid algorithm to develop a suboptimal MUD strategy. The result of symmetric successive overrelaxation (SSOR) preconditioned conjugate-gradient method is first used to initialize the reduced-complexity recursive (RCR) multiuser detector. Then, RCR algorithm is applied to detect the received data bit by optimizing an objective function in relation with the linear system of decorrelating detector. Simulation results for the synchronous case show that the performance of our proposed SSOR-RCR multiuser detector is promising and outperform the decorrelator and linear minimum mean squared error multiuser detector with lower computational complexity.     

Pilot to data channel power allocation for PCA-DS/CDMA withinterference canceler

The purpose of this letter is to examine channel power assignment for multiuser direct sequence/code division multiple access (DS/CDMA) uplinks. The channels under consideration are pilot channels and data channels. A multiuser detector is also included. The pilot channel estimates are used for multiple access interference (MAI) regeneration, as well as for data channel detection. Simulation results allowed us to pinpoint optimum pilot-to-data channel power ratios (PDRs) for the best bit error rate (BER) performance. In addition, the optimum PDRs of the receivers with the multiuser detector are high compared with those of conventional receivers without the multiuser detector. This study may prove helpful in the effort to optimize the channel power assignment for channel estimation and coherent detection of systems with the multiuser detector     

Hybrid SNR-Adaptive Multiuser Detectors for SDMA-OFDM Systems

Multiuser detection (MUD) and channel estimation techniques in space-division multiple-access aided orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing systems recently has received intensive interest in receiver design technologies. The maximum likelihood (ML) MUD that provides optimal performance has the cost of a dramatically increased computational complexity. The minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) MUD exhibits poor performance, although it achieves lower computational complexity. With almost the same complexity, an MMSE with successive interference cancellation (SIC) scheme achieves a better bit error rate performance than a linear MMSE multiuser detector. In this paper, hybrid ML-MMSE with SIC adaptive multiuser detection based on the joint channel estimation method is suggested for signal detection. The simulation results show that the proposed method achieves good performance close to the optimal ML performance at low SNR values and a low computational complexity at high SNR values.