硅衬底上PZT薄膜的制备及其特性分析

利用溶胶-凝胶提拉技术在低阻硅衬底上以钛酸铅(PT)作缓冲层,成功地制备了锆钛酸铅(PZT)高介电常数介质膜,其锆钛组分比为45∶55.研究了薄膜结晶状态与制备条件的关系及相应的介电、铁电特性.结果表明,用这种方法制备的PZT薄膜在800℃退火15min晶化已相当完善,以(110)为择优取向;这些样品的结晶尺度根据衍射峰的半高宽估计为14～25nm左右;采用Sawyer-Tower电路和LCR电桥测试法获得的结果表明,经过800℃退火15min的PZT样品,其剩余极化强度为47.7μC/cm2,矫顽场强为18kV/cm,介电常数为158,损耗因子为0.04～0.055.     

PZT/LaNiO3/MgO多层结构制备及性能研究

利用激光脉冲法在MgO衬底上沉积制备LaNiO3(LNO)薄膜作为底电极材料,其上利用射频磁控溅射制备了锆钛酸铅(PZT)铁电薄膜。试验分析了LaNiO3表面结构和形貌,采用快速退火法在不同温度下对样品进行了热处理,发现在500℃即得到(110)取向、晶化完全的PZT薄膜。在5 V测试电压下发现650℃下晶化的样品表现出非常优异的介电和铁电性能,介电常数(rε,)和损耗(tanδ)分别达570和0.05,漏电流在10-9A量级,电滞回线完全饱和且形状对称,剩余极化强度(Pr)和矫顽场(Ec)分别为35.8μC/cm2和76.3 kV/cm。     

掺杂铌和钴元素的PZT薄膜的残余应力测定

锆钛酸铅(PZT)薄膜具有优异的压电性能,是制作微机电系统(MEMS)振动式能量收集器的理想材料。在溶胶-凝胶法制备PZT薄膜的过程中产生的残余应力会对能量收集器有负面影响。该文利用X线衍射法对在退火温度分别为650℃、700℃、750℃、800℃下掺杂铌(Nb)和钴(Co)元素的PZT薄膜样品的残余应力进行了测定。实验结果表明,PZT薄膜样品中的残余应力表现为压应力,从650℃升高到750℃的过程中,随着退火温度的升高薄膜中的残余应力增大;直到750℃附近后,残余应力基本保持稳定。     

水热—溶胶凝胶法制备PZT薄膜

采用水热—溶胶凝肢法制备了锆钛酸铅( PZT)压电陶瓷薄膜.首先利用水热法处理Si基板,使之生成SiO2/Si层,然后采用旋涂法在处理好的Si基板上涂覆摩尔比r(Zr:Ti)为52:48的PZT前驱体溶胶.研究了基板处理方式、退火温度以及涂胶层数对PZT薄膜结晶性能、表面形貌及厚度的影响.结果表明:水热处理Si基板对P...     

不同结构多层PZT薄膜的制备及性能特性研究

采用相同的工艺分别制备了锆钛酸铅(PZT,r(Zr)/r(Ti)=52/48)与钛酸铅(PT)两种前驱体,并通过溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)法在Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si基底上分别制备了PZT,PT/PZT-PZT/PT,PT/PZT/-/PZT/PT 3种不同结构的多层PZT薄膜。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)测试了薄膜的结构,选用XRD分析了薄膜的结晶取向,采用阻抗分析仪测试了薄膜的介电常数、介电损耗及电压-电容曲线,使用铁电性能测试系统测试了薄膜的铁电性。实验结果表明,PT/PZT/-/PZT/PT结构的薄膜相对于其他两种结构的薄膜具有较高的红外探测率与剩余极化强度及较小的介电损耗,具有强大的应用潜能。     

PLT晶种层对PLZT薄膜介电性能的影响

采用sol-gel工艺,以钛酸铅镧(PLT)作为晶种层,在Pt/TiO2/Si基板上,制备了锆钛酸铅镧(PLZT)薄膜。研究了有晶种层的PLZT薄膜的结晶温度及介电性能。结果表明:引入PLT晶种层的PLZT薄膜,在600℃热处理可得到良好的钙钛矿结构,比无晶种层薄膜降低了约100℃;其相对介电常数为1177(1 kHz),提高约60%,介质损耗为0.10～0.13,降低幅度最高可达40%～50%。     

Pb过量和种子层对PLZT薄膜的影响

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)法在Pt/Ti/SiO_2/Si衬底上制备不同Pb过量(未过量、10%、15%)和引入不同厚度(0、100nm、500nm)锆钛酸铅(PZT)缓冲层的锆钛酸铅镧(PLZT)反铁电薄膜,通过原子力显微镜、X线衍射表征分析薄膜的微观结构。结果表明,过量10%的Pb组分有助于形成钙钛矿结构,获得较大的晶粒尺寸和理想的粗糙度;100nm的PZT缓冲层的引入有利于PLZT薄膜晶化,形成较致密、结晶状况良好的薄膜。     

用于微传感器中PZT压电薄膜的制备和图形化

采用溶胶-凝胶法在Si/Si3N4/Poly-Si/Ti/Pt基片上制备PZT压电薄膜, 为了选择更适合微电子机械系统(MEMS)器件的压电薄膜,采用一般热处理和快速热处理对锆钛酸铅(PZT)压电薄膜进行干燥和结晶.首先,采用V(H2O):V(HCL):V(HF)＝280 mL:120 mL:4drops(4滴HF溶液)配比的腐蚀液在室温下对未结晶的PZT压电薄膜进行了湿法腐蚀微细加工;然后,对图形化好的压电薄膜进行再结晶的热处理,实验结果表明这种方法可用于压电薄膜微器件的制备.     

PbZr0.52Ti0.48O3薄膜红外椭圆偏振光谱研究

用磁控溅射法在Pt/Ti/SiO2 /Si衬底上制备了PbZr0 .52 Ti0 .4 8O3(PZT)薄膜 .XRD结果表明经过退火后的PZT薄膜呈现多晶结构 .通过红外椭圆偏振光谱仪测量了λ为 2 .5～ 12 .6 μm范围内PZT薄膜的椭偏光谱 ,采用经典色散模型拟合获得PZT薄膜的红外光学常数 ,同时拟合得到未经处理的PZT薄膜和退火后PZT薄膜的厚度分别为 45 4.2nm和 45 0 .3nm .最后通过拟合计算得到结晶PZT薄膜的静态电荷值为 |q|=1.76 9± 0 .0 2 4.这说明在磁控溅射法制备的PZT薄膜中 ,电荷的转移是不完全的 .     

PZT材料在射频滤波器中的应用

锆钛酸铅 (PZT)材料有着优良的压电性能 ,其薄膜具有高机电耦合系数、高品质因数的特点 ,适合于制作低插损、大带宽的射频 (RF)滤波器。文中介绍了 RF体声波滤波器的原理、结构和 PZT的材料特性 ,探讨了PZT薄膜的制备、退火、刻蚀工艺的选择与优化 ,并在此基础上设计了应用 PZT薄膜的体声波滤波器 ,模拟了该器件的性能     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks