Pressureless sintered Al2O3–SiC nanocomposites

Al₂O₃ + 5 vol% SiC composite ceramics were prepared via a conventional powder processing route followed by pressureless sintering. Commercially available Al₂O₃ and SiC powders were milled together in an aqueous suspension. The slurry was freeze granulated, and green bodies were obtained by cold isostatic pressing of the granules. Pressureless sintering was carried out in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1750 and 1780 °C. Near full density (>99%) was achieved at 1780 °C. Densification at the lower sintering temperature was promoted by smaller additions of MgO. Vickers hardness and indentation fracture toughness varied around 18 GPa and 2.3 MPa m^1/2 after sintering at 1780 °C. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the SiC particles were located predominantly to the interior of the matrix grains and well distributed throughout the composite microstructures. The intragranular particles had sizes in the range 50–200 nm while the intergranular particles were larger, typically 200–500 nm in diameter.     

Bi2O3对K2O–B2O3–SrO–Al2O3–Nb2O5–SiO2玻璃陶瓷介电储能性能的影响

随着电力电子系统的不断发展,高功率脉冲电容器的需求增多。电介质电容器因具有放电功率大、充放电速度快及性能稳定等优点,在电力系统、电子器件、脉冲电源等方面发挥着重要作用,广泛应用于民用领域及军事领域。通过熔融压延制备玻璃基体,采用可控结晶工艺研究了不同含量的Bi₂O₃ (x=0.0%、1.0%、2.0%、4.0%,摩尔分数)对K₂O–B₂O₃–Sr O–Al₂O₃–Nb₂O₅–SiO₂玻璃陶瓷物相演化、微观结构、介电和储能性能的影响。在该玻璃陶瓷中,KSr₂Nb₅O₁₅为主要析出晶相,当Bi₂O₃的加入量为x=2.0%(摩尔分数)时,热处理温度为950℃时,玻璃陶瓷样品的储能密度最大可达到1.27 J/cm³,室温下介电常数可达342,是热处...     

Al2O3-3Al2O3·2SiO2-ZrO2耐火材料的相组成

Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2系耐火材料应用范围广,特别被用作陶瓷辊,具有力学强度高、抗热震性能优良、耐碱类化合物侵蚀和高温蠕变率低的特性。Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2系耐火材料性能很大程度上取决于其结晶相和玻璃相的总量和化学成分,采用定量XRPD和XRF研究了原料中Al2O3/SiO2比和氧化铝颗粒尺寸分布对结晶相和玻璃相的总量及其化学成分的影响。耐火材料由莫来石、刚玉、ZrO2的多晶体和总量各异的玻璃相组成。莫来石含量及其晶胞参数和成分随烧成温度改变,但主要受原料中Al2O3/SiO2比的影响。     

多组元BaO–SrO–CaO–MgO–Al2O3–2SiO2环境障涂层的制备与抗CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2腐蚀性能

采用固相法制备不同摩尔 Ba、Sr、Ca、Mg 配比的 Ba O–Sr O–Ca O–Mg O–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ （BSCMAS）陶瓷材料,研究多组元陶瓷的制备工艺、显微结构及其抗 CMAS 腐蚀性能。结果表明：通过调控 MgO 的含量,在 1 400 ℃条件下制备了Ba_0.3Sr_0.3Ca_0.35Mg_0.05Al₂Si₂O₈ (B_0.3S_0.3C_0.35M_0.05AS)单相多组元陶瓷材料。在 1 250、1 300 ℃和 1 350 ℃对 B_0.3S_0.3C_0.35M_0.05AS 进行 CMAS 腐蚀实验,相比于 Ba_0.5Sr_0.5Al     

Al2O3/Fe2O3吸附剂脱除硫化氢的性能

采用共沉淀法制备了氧化铝改性的氧化铁吸附剂,并采用比表面积(BET)、X射线衍射(XRD)技术对吸附剂进行了表征。在固定吸附床上,考察了制备条件及吸附条件对吸附剂脱除硫化氢性能的影响。结果表明,引入氧化铝能显著提高氧化铁对硫化氢的吸附净化能力。氧化铁与氧化铝质量比为1∶0.5,造孔剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)质量分数为2%,焙烧温度500℃时,采用共沉淀法的负载氧化铝吸附剂的吸附效果最好。在气速20 mL/min,吸附温度80℃时,脱硫率和穿透硫容可分别达到99.3%和105 mg/g,其穿透硫容比未经改性的活性氧化铁提高了49.8 mg/g。     

添加Al2O3溶胶改善Al2O3-MA浇注料的抗侵蚀性

以铝酸钙水泥(CAC)为结合剂的传统Al2O3-MA浇注料在热处理过程中生成CA6,导致浇注料产生膨胀而降低其抗渣性能。巴西研究人员制备了氧化铝溶胶(ColAlu)结合的Al2O3-MA浇注料,以提高其抗渣侵蚀性,并与水合氧化铝(HA)结合和铝酸钙水泥结合的Al2O3-MA浇注料进行了对比。     

钛合金熔炼用Y2O3–Al2O3–MgO–CaO系耐火材料的设计与制备

坩埚耐火材料对钛合金熔炼的质量非常重要,为开发高性能新型坩埚材料,以工业Y₂O₃和Al₂O₃–MgO–CaO系粉末(AMC)为原料,制备出Y₂O₃–Al₂O₃–MgO–CaO系复合耐火材料,研究了烧结温度(1 500℃、1 600℃)和AMC含量(0、25%、50%、75%和100%,质量分数)对所制备耐火材料的物相组成、烧结性能(线收缩率、体积收缩率、显气孔率、体积密度)、常温耐压强度、抗热震性能和显微结构的影响。结果表明：相对于Y₂O₃和AMC材料,复合材料的性能均有所提高;提高烧结温度,其性能更佳;且随着AMC含量的提高,复合材料的线收缩率、体积收缩率、体积密度和常温耐压强度随之增大,显气孔率降低;当AMC的质量含量为75%时,1 500℃烧结3 h制得复合材料的综合性能最优,其显气孔率为4.37%,常温耐压强度为274.99 MPa,3次水冷热震后残余强度为16...     

Eutectic crystallization in the UO2–Al2O3–HfO2 ceramic phase diagram

In the frame of the Generation IV Sodium Fast Reactor (SFR) safety studies, a core catcher with a sacrificial material could be placed at the bottom of the nuclear reactor. Its role is to dilute the (U, Pu)O₂ molten fuel in case of a hypothetical core meltdown accident. A Al₂O₃–HfO₂ ceramic is a candidate for the sacrificial material. To understand how the molten fuel would mix with this sacrificial material, the UO₂–Al₂O₃–HfO₂ system was investigated at CEA Cadarache PLINIUS corium platform. The eutectic position of the UO₂–Al₂O₃–HfO₂ was determined: the eutectic temperature is 1728±22 °C (2001±22 K) and the eutectic composition is 30 wt% UO₂–35 wt% Al₂O₃–35 wt% HfO₂. Then, the pseudo-binary UO₂–(50 wt% Al₂O₃–50 wt% HfO₂) phase diagram has been proposed.     

Multiferroic ceramics in BaO–Y2O3–Fe2O3–Nb2O5 system

Multiferroic ceramics in BaO–Y₂O₃–Fe₂O₃–Nb₂O₅ system were synthesized and their dielectric, ferroelectric and magnetic properties were evaluated. XRD results showed that the ceramic composite consists of a major phase of tetragonal tungsten bronze structured Ba₂YFeNb₄O₁₅, and minor phases of monoclinic YNbO₄ and hexagonal Ba₃Fe₂Nb₆O₂₁. Three dielectric relaxations were observed in the temperature range from 125 to 575 K. The relaxor dielectric behavior in the temperature range from 125 to 350 K was attributed to the random occupation of Fe³⁺ and Nb⁵⁺ ions at B site of the tungsten bronze structure. The electrode polarization and the inhomogeneous structure contributed to the high-temperature and middle-temperature dielectric relaxations, respectively. Both the ferroelectric hysteresis loop and the magnetic hysteresis loop were measured, which suggested that the synthesized ceramic composite was a promising candidate of multiferroics.     

电熔镁砂在CaO–Al2O3–SiO2熔渣中的溶解行为

作为镁质耐火材料的重要原料，电熔镁砂在低密度高强钢精炼用CaO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂系熔渣中的溶解是影响炉衬使用寿命及钢质量的重要因素。本工作采用高温激光共聚焦显微观测系统研究了1 600℃下镁砂在该熔渣中的溶解行为，探究了镁砂颗粒的形状、质量及熔渣CaO和SiO₂质量分数比(即C/S)对其溶解行为的影响。结果表明：镁砂主要形状对其溶解速率影响较小；溶解速率随质量增大呈近线性下降，随C/S的增加而先降低后增加；镁砂颗粒的溶解曲线受质量影响更大，其溶解模型n值分别对应1/2、2/3、3/5，这为深入理解镁质耐火材料的渣蚀行为和提质优化提供指导。     

Influence of Al2O3 whisker concentration on flexural strength of Al2O3(w)–ZrO2 (TZ-3Y) composite

On investigating the possibility of using alumina whisker reinforced 3 mol% Yttria stabilized Tetragonal Zirconia (TZ-3Y) composite for bioceramic applications, presented here is the influence of varying whisker concentration (2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%) on flexural strength of the composite. Whiskers of hydrothermally synthesized Ammonium Aluminum Carbonate Hydroxide (AACH) were used for composite synthesis. These whiskers transformed in situ into alumina during sintering. It was found that with addition of alumina whiskers, strength was increased and reached a maximum value of 1212±60 MPa and 1325±65 MPa, in pure and 1 wt% CTAB added samples respectively, at a concentration of 10 wt% Al₂O₃ whiskers. The strength values of the synthesized composite can compete well with commercially available materials for dental applications.     

Crystallization behavior and properties of K2O–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2 glass-ceramics

In order to obtain high-strength anorthite glass-ceramics, K₂O–CaO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂ quaternary glass and relevant glass-ceramics were prepared and investigated. The results show that anorthite along with kalsilite or leucite was precipitated from the parent glass. Kalsilite crystals were formed firstly and then converted into leucite through reacting with SiO₂ in the glass phase. The morphology of the crystals was dependent on the heat-treatment temperature. Column crystals were transformed into fine granular grains when the sintering temperature changed from 900 °C to 1100 °C. The activation energy (E_α) and avrami constant (n) were also calculated as 463.81 KJ/mol and 3.74 respectively, indicating that bulk nucleation and three-dimensional crystal growth were the dominating mechanisms in the temperature range 1000–1100 °C. The maximum value of the flexural strength for the glass-ceramics containing leucite was 248 MPa and the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) was in the range 5.69~11.94×10⁻⁶ K⁻¹. The leucite is the main reason for the high CTEs and high flexural strength of glass-ceramics.     

Fe2O3/Ni2O3/Al2O3催化剂制备及其催化氧化靛蓝废水研究

以三氧化二铝为载体,采用浸渍沉淀法制备系列Fe2O3/Ni2O3/Al2O3催化剂。采用TG-DTA,XRD及ESEM等技术对催化剂进行表征,确定催化剂的最佳焙烧温度为460℃。以次氯酸钠为氧化剂,同时考察m(三氧化二镍)/m(三氧化二铝)、m(三氧化二铁)/m(三氧化二镍)、m(次氯酸钠)∶m(靛蓝废水)、pH对印染靛蓝废水处理的影响。结果表明:m(三氧化二镍)/m(三氧化二铝)=0.3,m(三氧化二铁)/m(三氧化二镍)=0.04,m(次氯酸钠)∶m(靛蓝废水)=1∶11,pH=7,反应温度为20℃,常压反应时间为2 h时,COD的去除率为95.3%。     

Study of AC electrical properties of V2O5–P2O5–B2O3–Dy2O3 glasses

The AC conductivity of glass samples of composition 60V₂O₅–5P₂O₅–(35−x)B₂O₃–xDy₂O₃, 0.4≤x≤1.2 has been analyzed. The samples were prepared by the usual melt-quench technique. The prepared compounds were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermo gravimetric–differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The activation energies were evaluated using glass transition temperature (T_g) and peak temperature of crystallization (T_c) from TG/DTA. The dependence of activation energy on composition was discussed. The electrical conductance and capacitance were measured over a frequency range of 20 Hz to 1 MHz and a temperature range of 303–473 K; these reveal semiconducting features based predominantly on an ionic mechanism. The dielectric and complex-impedance response of the sample is discussed. The relaxation time was found to increase with increasing temperature. Jonscher's universal power law is applied to discuss the conductivity. The electrode polarization was found to be negligible and confirmed from electrical modulus.     

Microwave dielectric characteristics of Nb2O5-added 0.9Al2O3–0.1TiO2 ceramics

The sintering characteristics, phase composition, and microwave dielectric properties of Nb₂O₅-added 0.9Al₂O₃–0.1TiO₂ ceramics sintered at 1300–1500 °C have been investigated. Results show that Nb⁵⁺ and Al³⁺ can co-substitute for Ti⁴⁺ and form Ti_0.8Al_0.1Nb_0.1O₂, which can lower effectively the sintering temperature, and improve the quality factor of 0.9Al₂O₃–0.1TiO₂ ceramics.     

CMAS (CaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2) resistance of Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 thermal barrier coatings with Pt layers

Calcium–magnesium–alumina–silicate (CMAS) corrosion significantly affects the durability of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs). In this study, Y₂O₃ partially stabilized ZrO₂ (YSZ) TBCs are produced by electron beam-physical vapor deposition, followed by deposition of a Pt layer on the coating surfaces to improve the CMAS resistance. After exposure to 1250 °C for 2 h, the YSZ TBCs were severely attacked by molten CMAS, whereas the Pt-covered coatings exhibited improved CMAS resistance. However, the Pt layers seemed to be easily destroyed by the molten CMAS. With increased heat duration, the Pt layers became thinner. After CMAS attack at 1250 °C for 8 h, only a small amount of Pt remained on the coating surfaces, leading to accelerated degradation of the coatings. To fully exploit the protectiveness of the Pt layers against CMAS attack, it is necessary to improve the thermal compatibility between the Pt layers and molten CMAS.     

一种微孔化结构Al2O3-Cr2O3耐火材料

申请号:CN201310706638.8公开号:CN103693981A申请(专利权)人:中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司本发明属于耐火材料领域,提供一种微孔化结构的Al2O3-Cr2O3耐火材料,其特征采用直接加入Al2O3-Cr2O3造粒料替代现有技术中分别加入氧化铬绿微粉和烧结氧化铝微粉来作为制备基质的原料,利用造粒料中氧化铬绿含量均一、分散均匀的特性,避免氧化铬绿富集,使得固溶成孔大小均一,通过调整造粒料中氧化铬绿含量来达到控制孔径的目的,制得微孔化结构的Al2O3-     

La2O3的添加方式对Al2O3热稳定性的影响

采用3种不同添加方式制备La₂O₃改性的Al₂O₃材料La-Al₂O₃。La-Al₂O₃分别经500 ℃、1 000 ℃和1 200 ℃焙烧,采用物理吸附、X射线衍射和荧光光谱等对高温处理的La-Al₂O₃进行比表面积和结构表征。结果表明,La₂O₃的添加能有效抑制Al₂O₃在高温条件下向热力学稳定态α-Al₂O₃转变,同时提高高温处理后La-Al₂O₃比表面积,使Al₂O₃热稳定性得到明显提高。在3种La₂O₃添加方式中,La(NO₃)₃浸渍法效果最为显著,制得的La-Al₂O₃(N)材料经1 200 ℃焙烧4 h的比表面积为30 m²·g^－1,是未经改性的Al₂O₃样品经同等温度焙烧比表面积的2.2倍。     

V2O5、NiO、Fe2O3和钒渣对Al2O3/MgAl2O4的腐蚀机理

研究了V2O5、NiO、Fe2O3和钒渣对Al2O3和MgAl2O4尖晶石的腐蚀。把Al2O3和MgAl2O4试样分别同上述氧化物一起从室温加热到1 400℃、1 450℃和1 500℃,加热速率为10℃.min-1。用XRD和SEM对每个系统的腐蚀机理进行了分析。结果显示,所研究的氧化物对Al2O3的影响弱于对MgAl2O4的影响。氧化铝被NiO侵蚀形成NiAl2O4尖晶石,MgAl2O4尖晶石被V2O5侵蚀形成MgV2O6。本文还观察到钒渣中的成分Fe2O3、Mg、Ni、V和Fe分散到了Al2O3结构中。另一方面,Fe2O3、Ca、S、Si、Na、Mg、V和Fe分散到了MgAl2O4结构中。最后,把得到的结果与FactSage软件的预测结果进行了对比。