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基于涡尾迹方法的风力机非定常气动特性计算 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
给出了一种水平轴风力机三维非定常气动特性计算方法.风力机的绕流用预定涡尾迹模型确定,并引入涡核模型和考虑粘性引起的耗散效应对模型进行修正,解决了涡尾迹方法在大叶尖速比时普遍存在的计算发散问题.通过对Leishman-Beddoes动态失速模型中动态失速判据和模拟的修正,更准确计算侧偏风时风轮叶片的非定常气动响应.将三维旋转失速延迟模型与预定涡尾迹模型和动态失速模型适当耦合,从而计算包括三维旋转效应对叶片气动载荷非定常响应的影响,提高了风力机风轮和叶片非定常气动特性计算的准确度. 相似文献
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《可再生能源》2013,(8):41-44
采用大涡模拟(LES)和标准κ-ε模型求解风力机近尾迹区域的非定常流动,获得涡量场信息和声源项信息,采用快速傅里叶变换将源项的时域信息转换为频域信息,利用K-FWH声学模型预测其噪声特性。结果表明,风轮在旋转过程中,风力机风轮下游同一截面在不同尖速比下涡量分布规律是从计算截面中心沿半径增大的方向分别经过3个压力脉动变化强烈的区域,它们是计算圆心区域、中心涡区域、叶尖涡区域,计算点在上述3个区域都会出现涡量的峰值;在同一尖速比不同截面下,风轮近尾迹区域涡量的变化规律是沿着X轴正方向远离风轮旋转平面计算截面上的中心涡区域和叶尖涡区域的半径增大,不断向外迁移;计算截面的最大声压级的数值计算值和试验值吻合较好,证明了噪声计算模型的正确性。 相似文献
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《太阳能学报》2017,(3)
以FW-H气动声学方程为基础,分析水平轴风力机次声波的产生机理,提出水平轴风力机的远场次声波辐射计算公式。以翼型为NACA 23015的三叶片10 k W水平轴风力机为例,在额定风速8 m/s、叶片半径10 m、转速107 r/min,升力角14°、升力系数1.2的情况下,研究次声波在空间辐射、次声波声压翼展方向和弦向的分布等规律。计算结果表明:省略近声场噪声可显著提高声压计算速度、精度;风力机次声波噪声由厚度噪声和载荷噪声组成,载荷噪声和厚度噪声声压绝对值基本相等;风力机次声波在空间分布上具有一定的指向性;其中风力机次声波产生区域主要集中在沿叶展方向r′/R=0.6~0.9处,同时沿翼型弦向产生的次声波集中在前端1/3弦长处。 相似文献
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在风力发电机支撑结构设计初期,风轮的载荷多根据建筑风载荷规范确定,但建筑风载荷计算中常采用的体型系数却无法准确计算旋转机构荷载。文章首先分析了水平轴风力机叶片推力系数与体型系数的关系,然后根据功率系数计算叶片推力系数,从而获得整个风轮的风载荷,据此提出了考虑实际叶片工作效率的风轮风载荷等效系数计算方法。应用该方法对某1.5 MW水平轴风力机进行计算,并与商用软件Bladed的计算结果进行比较,结果表明,该方法能够满足风力机风载荷计算的要求,是一种精度较高、适于工程应用的方法。 相似文献
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采用基于滑移网格技术的三维非定常CFD方法,以TJ?REBORG和NREL Phase VI风力机为例,数值模拟轴向均匀来流条件下风力机气动性能的变化规律并与实验值进行比较,确定该方法的可靠性。在此基础上探讨风切变以及偏航条件下水平轴风力机风轮的气动特性,分析其影响规律、叶片旋转平面附近流场中的流动细节及尾迹的变化。 相似文献
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考虑风力机叶片与空气的流固耦合作用,基于ANSYS workbench工作平台,采用双向流固耦合的方法,模拟预测风力机的气动噪声,并与额定工况下的实验数据对比。结果发现:耦合作用下风力机气动噪声增大,且耦合模拟得到的气动噪声声压级与实验值更为接近,证明计算模型的准确性;风轮后的辐射声最大声压级在叶片径向0.57R~0.71R位置,风力机叶片与空气的流固耦合作用,增大了辐射声的声压级,而对于辐射声的传播规律影响很小;耦合作用下随尖速比的增加,相同位置气动噪声的声压级呈现缓慢增大的趋势,不同尖速比下气动噪声的声压级随轴向距离的增加变化规律大致相同,均呈不断减小的趋势。 相似文献
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搭建由10个50 W水平轴风力机组成的多风轮发电系统,并对该系统所在位置风剪切系数进行测试。基于叶素理论建立水平轴风力发电机叶片载荷简化计算公式。在同样的风剪切条件下,计算总功率为500 W单风轮风力机和多风轮风力发电机的叶片载荷,考察叶片方位角、风轮半径、风力机安装高度、风剪切系数和风速对叶片载荷的影响。结果表明,风轮半径越长、风力机安装高度越低、风剪切系数越大,叶片旋转过程中载荷变化越大;用多个小型风力机取代单个大型风力机可有效减小风剪切的影响。 相似文献
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Broadband noise radiation analysis for an HAWT rotor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The paper demonstrates a computational methodology for the noise prediction of an horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) rotor in time domain. The aeroacoustic modeling is based on the Ffowcs Williams and Hawkings equation considering only the surface monopole and dipole noise sources. The accurate solution of the noise problem is strongly influenced by the unsteadiness of the rotor flowfield, the nonuniform inflow effects and the blade aerodynamic parameters which are included in the numerical model. The aerodynamic analysis uses a three-dimensional low-order panel method combined with a boundary layer correction model for the calculation of the blade pressure distribution, obtaining satisfactory agreement with experimental data. Acoustic pressure predictions for the NREL downwind rotor are presented for several cases proving that broadband noise propagation dominates at low- and mid-frequency ranges. Sound pressure level contours occur via Fourier transformations, while the directivity for a single frequency source is also examined. 相似文献
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为降低水平轴风力机叶片的气动噪声,受鸮类静音飞行能力的启发,提取鸮类翅膀羽毛的非对称锯齿结构,并重构于风力机叶片尾缘处。采用大涡模拟(LES)和FW-H方程对改型叶片和原型叶片的流场及声场特性分别进行研究。同时通过改变非对称锯齿尾缘的结构参数,以探究不同锯齿夹角、锯齿宽度和锯齿间距对非对称锯齿尾缘的降噪效果的影响。结果显示:非对称锯齿尾缘具有较好的降噪效果,尤其是在低频和中频区域,总声压级最多可降低10 dB。当锯齿夹角分别为30°、40°和50°时,随着锯齿夹角的增加,噪声声压级在多数方位角下呈增加的趋势;锯齿宽度分别为10、12.5和15 mm时,随着锯齿宽度的增加,噪声声压级在多数方位角下明显降低;锯齿间距的改变,对0°方位角下的噪声声压级影响显著。而从涡分布图中可发现,非对称锯齿尾缘未改变叶片表面涡脱落的位置,但会减小涡结构和涡强度,增大涡间距,从而抑制噪声的产生。 相似文献
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Most modern high-power wind turbines are horizontal axis type with straight twisted blades. Upgrading power and performance of these turbines is considered a challenge. A recent trend towards improving the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) performance is to use swept blades or sweep twist adaptive blades. In the present work, the effect of blade curvature, sweep starting point and sweep direction on the wind turbine performance was investigated. The CFD simulation method was validated against available experimental data of a 0.9?m diameter HAWT. The wind turbine power and thrust coefficients at different tip speed ratios were calculated. Flow field, pressure distribution and local tangential and streamwise forces were also analysed. The results show that the downstream swept blade has the highest Cp value at design point as compared with the straight blade profile. However, the improvement in power coefficient is accompanied by a thrust increase. Results also show that the best performance is obtained when the starting blade sweeps at 25% of blade radius for different directions of sweep. 相似文献
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水平轴风力风轮静态结构特性试验研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
提出了一种研究水平轴风力机风轮静态结构特性的测试方法,用单点加集中荷载所得数据来综合评定受分布荷载作用的风轮叶片的强度及变形特性,用于检验风轮叶片结构设计的合理性,获得在定常荷载作用下,叶片受力的危险截面,以小型水平轴风力机FD2-300的风轮叶片为例进行了试验研究。获得了该叶片的危险截面,试验证明:通过以抗弯截面系数和定常荷载作用下的截面弯矩曲线的颁上为判据进行叶片结构形状合理性分析是一种快速、实用的测试方法,可为研究风力机气动弹性稳定性和改进风轮叶片设计提供判据。 相似文献
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基于压力表示法的水平轴风力机风轮气动弹性稳定性模型及应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
该文对影响水平轴风力机气动弹性稳定性的物理机理进行了分析,对国内外的研究方法进行了阐述。建立了基于压力表示法的水平轴风力机风轮气动弹性稳定性敏感性分析方法的物理与数学模型,综合考虑了风力机风轮的气动与结构参数对气动弹性稳定的影响。以600kw水平轴风力机风轮为例,对其气动弹性稳定性进行了分析与研究,获得了该风力机的气动弹性稳定性裕度和工作范围。考虑到风力机三维流动、风轮与塔架的藕合以及来流湍流和阵风等来流工况的复杂性,该分析模型目前还没有将上述因素考虑在内。若均考虑在内,则其能够提供较高的气动弹性稳定性预测精度。 相似文献
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Huashu Dou Zhehong Li Peifeng Lin Yikun Wei Yongning Chen Wenbin Cao Haijiang He 《热科学学报(英文版)》2016,25(6):526-531
The main source of the noise of an axial flow fan is the fluctuating pressure field on blade surfaces caused by the shedding of vortices at the trailing edge of blades. An analytical model to predict the vortex shedding noise generated at the trailing edge of blades of axial flow fans was proposed by Lee in 1993. In this model, for mathematical convenience, an idealized vortex street is considered. However, the agreement between the analytical results and the experimental data needs to be improved because of the simplification about the Karman vortex street in the wake of blade. In the present study, a modified model is proposed based on the prediction model by Lee. The boundary layer theory is used to analyze and calculate the boundary layer development on both the pressure and the suction sides of blades. Considering the effect of boundary layer separation on the location of noise source, the predicted overall sound pressure level compares favorably with the experimental data of an axial fan. In the calculation of A-weighted sound pressure level (LA), considering the effect of static pressure on radiate energy, the predicted broadband noise with the modified model compares favorably with the experimental data of a multiblade centrifugal fan. 相似文献
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Alexandre Suryadi Florian Nils Schmidt Christina Appel Nils Reiche Roland Ewert Michaela Herr Jochen Wild 《风能》2023,26(1):23-43
The rotor of a large diameter wind turbine experiences more substantial and more dynamic loads due to the fluctuating and heterogeneous wind field. The project SmartBlades 2.0 investigated rotor blade design concepts that alleviate aerodynamic loading using active and passive mechanisms. The present work evaluates the acoustics of the two load alleviating concepts separately, an inboard slat and an outboard flap, using the Fast Random Particle Mesh/Fast Multipole Code for Acoustic Shielding (FRPM/FMCAS) numerical prediction toolchain developed at DLR with input from the averaged flow field from RANS. The numerical tools produce a comparable flap side-edge noise spectrum with that of the measurement conducted in the Acoustic Wind Tunnel Braunschweig (AWB). The validated FRPM/FMCAS was then used to analyze the self-noise from a slat at the inboard section of a rotor blade with a 44.45 m radius and compared with that from the outboard trailing edge. Furthermore, the rotational effect of the rotor was included in the post-processing to emulate the noise observed at ground level. The findings show an increase in the slat's overall sound pressure level and a maximum radiation upwind of the wind turbine for the case with the largest wind speed that represents the off-design condition. In operational conditions, the slat adds at most 2 dB to the overall sound pressure level. The toolchain evaluates wind turbine noise with conventional or unconventional blade design, and the problem can be scaled up for a full-scale analysis. As such, the tools presented can be used to design low-noise wind turbines efficiently. 相似文献
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A study on stall-delay for horizontal axis wind turbine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The study on the stall-delay phenomenon for horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) was carried out by employing the boundary layer analysis, the numerical simulation and the experimental measurement. The effects of rotation on blade boundary layers are investigated by solving the 3D integral boundary layer equations with assumed velocity profiles. It is shown that rotation has a generally beneficial effect in delaying separation compared with that under 2D stationary condition. Next, the detailed flow fields are simulated on the conditions of 2D stationary and 3D rotation by CFD code. The computation results show that rotation affects the pressure distribution on the surface of the foil, which can give rise to 3D stall-delay in stalled condition HAWT. Finally, the flow fields behind a model HAWT are measured with a hot-wire probe in the wind tunnel. The results show good agreement with those from 3D computation calculations, suggesting that the stall-delay should be taken into consideration, in order to accurately predict the loading and performance of a HAWT operating in stall. 相似文献