伊利石制取钾明矾

本文论述了用硫酸浸取法由伊利石制取钾明矾时 ,影响浸取率的各种因素。适宜的工艺条件是 :矿粉 2 0 0目、酸质量分数 5 5 %、压力 0 .3MPa、132℃、反应时间 3h。     

伊利石开发利用初探

论述了伊利石的开发利用，建议加强伊利石的应用研究工作。     

浅析宁夏中生代煤系粘土矿物与煤变质关系

在概述粘土矿物组合、电子显微形态和结晶度等矿物学特征的基础上,探讨了宁破地区中生代煤系粘土矿物与煤变质的关系。     

贵州大方县联兴村粘土的理化及工艺性能

利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、综合热分析仪(DTA-TG)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对贵州省大方县联兴村粘土的化学成分、矿物组成、理化性质和微观形貌进行了分析表征,并详细测试了其多项工艺性能指标。得出该粘土的主要矿物组成为伊利石(47.2wt%)、石英(50.8wt%)和锐钛矿(1.2wt%),呈典型的片层状结构。该矿物原料可塑性低、阳离子交换容量低、流动性较小、触变性较大、干燥收缩小、干燥强度较大。粘土矿物中碱金属和碱土金属总含量不高(3.57wt%),且Al2O3含量较低(14.84wt%),因此烧结温度不高(烧结温度范围为1200℃~1250℃),并且其含有较多的Fe2O3(1.16wt%)和TiO2(0.67wt%),导致烧成白度很低,1250℃下烧成白度仅为23.04%。     

煤矸石的开发利用

中国历年堆积的煤矸石已达30亿t，占用土地约1.1亿m^2，当前，每年新增煤矸石1亿多t。开发利用中国的煤矸石不仅具有重大的环境意义，而且能取得较好的社会和经济效益。研究表明，煤矸石具有下列用途：发电、造气、生产有机复合肥料、制造化工产品和制作建筑材料。一些成分较特殊的煤矸石还可以用来生产合金。     

贵州毕节毛家屯粘土的理化及工艺性能研究

从矿山采集具有代表性的粘土,球磨并过80目筛备用.利用X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、综合热分析仪(DTA-TG)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对粘土的化学成分、矿物组成、理化性质和微观形貌进行了表征,并详细考察了其多项工艺性能指标.研究结果表明:该粘土的主要矿物组成为高岭石(32.17wt.％)、伊利石(49.03wt.％)、蒙脱石(8.53wt％)、石英(6.72wt.％)和锐钛矿(3.36wt.％),呈典型的片层状结构.该矿物原料可塑性非常好,阳离子交换容量很高,流动性较小,触变性较大,干燥收缩很大,干燥强度较低.由于该粘土矿物中碱金属和碱土金属总含量不高(4.02wt％),因此烧结温度较高(烧结温度范围为1250℃ ～1300℃),并且其含有较多的Fe2O3(1.34wt.％)和TiO2 (3.36wt.％),导致烧成(1250℃)白度较低,仅为34.84％.     

粘土也是宝贵资源

粘土作为一种资源，在国民经济中占有着相当重要的地位。开发及利用粘土矿物已经成为当今世界的一个热门产业。陶瓷、造纸、橡胶、搪瓷、耐火材料、环保、化工、纺织、石油、农业等行业都离不开粘土。随着科技的发展，以粘土矿物为原料生产出的新型切削刀具、钻头、陶瓷轴承、陶瓷－金属复合材料、特种陶瓷、人工合成分子筛等，已进入了高精尖的科技领域，具发挥着十分重要的作用。     

活性白土生产废水处理及有用成分回收利用新技术

文章分析了活性白土生产废水产生、处理及回收利用现状,指出了其处理、回收利用现有技术中所存在的问题,提出了利用活性白土生产废水制取聚硅硫酸铝、明矾、冰晶石等新技术。采用所提技术不仅可有效解决活性白土生产废水的治理问题,而且可充分回收利用其中的有用成分,制取市场需求旺盛的化工产品,获得良好的环保效益和经济效益。     

Three-dimensional complex construct fabrication of illite by digital light processing-based additive manufacturing technology

Illite is a group of clay minerals that are expected to be widely used in catalyst fabrication, radioactive element adsorption, and so forth, due to its excellent adsorption properties. However, the shape control limitation of the illite product should be overcome to maximize its utilization and properties. We herein propose additive manufacturing (AM) as one of the best solutions to solve this structural drawback. Digital light processing (DLP) technology with the film-type of the material supplying system was adapted instead of the general vat-type DLP system to increase illite printability. The photo-curability and printability of illite-contained photocurable suspension were optimized. The color effect due to different ferric oxide content in yellow- and white-illite which influence the photopolymerization process also adjusted thoroughly. White illite showed better photo-curability and could be increased solid loading than yellow illite. The defect-free illite products with three-dimensional complex structures, which cannot be produced by typical ceramic processes, were obtained by DLP technology for both yellow- and white-illite after sintering at 1100°C. The overcoming of shape control limitation of illites by ceramic AM proved in this study has excellent potential for expanding illite utilities in various applications.     

伊利石表面改性试验研究

以浙江温州伊利石为原料,探讨了伊利石表面改性的工艺。经表面接触角、红外光谱等方法预先评价得知,伊利石的确得到改性。填充橡胶试验证实改性后伊利石的填充性能有显著提高。     

以伊利石合成4A分子筛的实验研究

在常压下将伊利石进行高温焙烧处理。经过对原料的焙烧处理、水热合成实验,合成了4A沸石分子筛。焙烧实验确定了优化焙烧参数:m(伊利石)∶m(碳酸钠)=1∶1,焙烧温度850℃,伊利石粒度75μm,保温时间为90min。采用正交设计法确定了水热法合成的优化工艺参数:n(H2O)/n(M2O)=50,n(M2O)/n(SiO2)=1.4(M为Na,K),晶化时间4h,晶种加入量占水体积分数8%。合成沸石纯度较高,吸附量达到国家化学工业产品标准。     

The origin of the pozzolanic activity of calcined clay minerals: A comparison between kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite

This paper investigates the decomposition of three clayey structures (kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite) when thermally treated at 600 °C and 800 °C and the effect of this treatment on their pozzolanic activity in cementitious materials. Raw and calcined clay minerals were characterized by the XRF, XRD, ²⁷Al NMR, DTG and BET techniques. Cement pastes and mortars were produced with a 30% substitution by calcined clay minerals. The pozzolanic activity and the degree of hydration of the clinker component were monitored on pastes using DTG and BSE-IA, respectively. Compressive strength and sorptivity properties were assessed on standard mortars. It was shown that kaolinite, due to the amount and location of OH groups in its structure, has a different decomposition process than illite or montmorillonite, which results in an important loss of crystallinity. This explains its enhanced pozzolanic activity compared to other calcined clay–cement blends.     

伊利石高吸水性复合材料的制备工艺研究

用正交法研究了引发剂(过硫酸钾)、交联剂(N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺)、丙烯酸中和度、丙烯酰胺、伊利石等几个影响因素对复合材料的吸水性、抗盐性的影响,优化出最佳工艺条件,并制备出了伊利石高吸水复合材料,其吸自来水倍率达417.2倍,吸盐水(0.9%Nacl溶液)达112.3倍.     

伊利石合成磷酸硅铝分子筛及其表征

采用碱熔活化方法对伊利石进行活化,系统地考察了煅烧温度、煅烧时间、矿物粒度、矿碱质量比等条件对伊利石活化的影响;以活化伊利石为主要硅、铝源,采用水热法合成磷酸硅铝分子筛（SAPO-11）,系统地考察模板剂种类、模板剂用量、投料硅铝物质的量比、晶化温度等合成条件对产物结构和性质的影响。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、N₂吸附-脱附、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）等分析手段对活化产物和合成的分子筛进行了分析表征,结果表明,伊利石的最佳碱熔活化条件为煅烧温度为800 ℃、煅烧时间为90 min、伊利石矿粒径为75 μm、矿碱质量比为1∶0.8,经活化后伊利石的晶型结构基本完全被破坏,活化产物主要是高活性的低聚合态硅铝酸盐,化学反应活性较高;在原料配比为n（三氧化二铝）∶n（五氧化二磷）∶n（模板剂）∶n（二氧化硅）∶n（水）=1∶1∶1∶0.5∶50、水热晶化温度为190 ℃、晶化时间为24 h时成功合成结晶度较高的纯相SAPO-11分子筛,合成的SAPO-11分子筛具有较大的比表面积,样品主要由粒径为1~3 μm的椭球状颗粒组成,该合成方法丰富了磷酸硅铝（SAPO）分子筛的原料来源,拓展了中国伊利石的高附加值利用途径。     

Fines/Water Interactions and Consequences of the Presence of Degraded Illite on Oil Sands Extractability

The chemical composition of the aqueous phase in oil sand slurries influences bitumen recovery from oil sands, especially those containing greater than 10% fines. The composition is controlled by a combination of mixing and dilution, ion exchange with clay surfaces and precipitation of divalent ions as carbonate minerals. Elevated levels of soluble potassium in the oil sand, which appear to be a marker for degraded illite or smectitic clays, are associated with depressed bitumen recovery. These clays have a swelling character and can contribute divalent ions to the slurry by ion exchange between the clay mineral surfaces and the process water.