原位合成纳米金刚石增强铁镍基复合材料的制备与性能

在FeNi30合金粉末的基体上添加碳纳米管(0.25~1.0wt.%),利用放电等离子烧结工艺在温度1050℃、压力80 MPa的条件下,原位合成了纳米金刚石增强铁镍基复合材料。文章通过XRD、SEM、TEM研究了复合材料的微观组织结构,并测试了复合材料的显微硬度、力学性能和热膨胀系数。结果表明铁镍基复合材料中有20nm附近的纳米金刚石生成,也存在着没有转化完全的残余碳纳米管;随着碳纳米管含量的增加,复合材料的显微硬度和屈服强度呈现逐渐增加的趋势,但是由于碳纳米管的团聚,在碳纳米管含量达到1.0wt.%时,显微硬度有所下降。复合材料在温度为25℃~150℃的热膨胀系数也随着碳纳米管含量的增加而降低。碳纳米管含量为0.75wt.%是FeNi30基复合材料最佳的加入比例,此时复合材料的硬度提高了4%,压缩屈服强度提高了23.4%,热膨胀系数降低了64.8%。     

超音速等离子喷涂MoWCu合金涂层的性能

采用超音速等离子喷涂技术在45CrNiMoVA钢表面制备了MoWCu合金涂层。利用场发射扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪、维氏显微硬度计和球-盘式摩擦磨损试验机考察了涂层的形貌、成分、显微硬度和耐磨性,采用四探针法测量其导电性。MoWCu涂层的显微硬度平均值为486.2 HV0.1,比基体硬度提高1倍,与纯Mo涂层的显微硬度相当,但比MoW涂层的显微硬度略低。MoWCu涂层与基体的结合强度为45.3 MPa,表现为机械结合。MoWCu涂层的导电率为8.83%IACS,比纯Mo涂层高2/5左右。与纯Mo涂层和MoW涂层相比,在相同摩擦条件下,MoWCu涂层的磨损体积最小,摩擦因数最低,主要以粘着磨损为主,同时伴有轻微的氧化磨损。     

Mo的添加对反应超音速火焰喷涂合成TiC-Ni金属陶瓷涂层组织和性能的影响

利用反应超音速火焰喷涂合成技术制备了3种不同Mo含量的TiC-Ni金属陶瓷涂层,并对涂层进行了组织和性能研究.结果表明,在涂层中添加适量的金属Mo(5%),可以提高涂层的显微硬度和耐冲蚀磨损性能,但Mo含量太大时(10%),涂层的显微硬度和耐冲蚀磨损性能又有所降低.分析认为,适量Mo的添加可以改善液态金属Ni对TiC的润湿性,提高涂层的致密性,从而提高涂层的硬度和耐冲蚀磨损性能;Mo含量太大时,涂层中的环形相过分发达,又会使涂层硬度和耐冲蚀磨损性能降低.     

铝合金喷涂Ni60涂层的耐磨性研究

采用氧-乙炔火焰喷涂技术在ZL109铝合金表面制备Ni60涂层。用显微硬度计测定涂层的显微硬度,用摩擦磨损实验机研究涂层的耐磨性,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察磨损形貌并分析磨损机制。结果表明:ZL109铝合金经过火焰喷涂Ni60涂层后,基体的显微硬度明显提高,并呈现出很好的耐磨性及平稳较低的摩擦因数;涂层的磨损机制以疲劳磨损为主。     

二硫化钼改性石墨基复合减摩涂层的摩擦磨损特性

以二硫化钼和石墨作为固体填料,聚酰亚胺作为黏结剂制备了耐磨减摩涂层,并研究了二硫化钼与石墨在聚酰亚胺黏结剂中的协同作用。测试涂料的黏度、复合涂层的显微硬度、摩擦因数以及磨损率,通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究磨痕的微观形貌,研究基本物理性能及耐磨性,用SEM和三维形貌仪观察磨损轨迹的形貌。结果表明,随着二硫化钼比例的增大,黏度逐渐升高;二硫化钼与石墨的质量比为6∶4时,硬度最高为41.6 HV,二硫化钼的含量继续增加时,显微硬度开始下降;当二硫化钼与石墨质量比为2∶8时,摩擦因数最低为0.18～0.19之间,且涂层磨损率为1.275 6×10~(-4)mm~3/(N·m),涂层的摩擦磨损特性最佳。     

助熔剂对原位转化碳纤维增韧陶瓷基复合材料性能的影响

本文以聚丙烯腈(PAN)预氧化纤维为先驱体,以氧化铝为主要原料,添加SiO2-MgO-CaO三系助熔剂,采用真空热压烧结法制备了原位转化碳纤维增韧氧化铝复合材料.主要探讨不同助熔剂添加量对复合材料微观结构和各项性能指标的影响.以体积密度、显微硬度和断裂韧性等性能指标为主要评价标准选择最佳的助熔剂添加量.并研究了原位转化碳纤维增韧氧化铝陶瓷的摩擦磨损行为与机制以及力学性能和微观结构对摩擦磨损特性的影响.结果表明:当助熔剂含量为3vol％时,复合材料的综合性能最优,此时体积密度为3.72 g·cm-3,显微硬度为1624 HV,断裂韧性为10.6 MPa·m1/2.在室温干摩擦条件下,复合材料的磨损率随着助熔剂含量的增加呈先升高后降低趋势.室温下原位转化碳纤维增韧氧化铝基复合材料的磨损机制以脆性剥落为主,并伴有疲劳磨损.     

TiC添加量对等离子熔覆Ni60–WC复合涂层性能的影响

在45钢上通过等离子熔覆制备了WC?TiC?Ni涂层,对其物相、显微硬度和滑动摩擦磨损行为进行了分析.结果表明:熔覆层与基体材料之间为冶金结合,熔覆层表面无裂纹和气孔.TiWC2的形成使得熔覆层的显微硬度和耐磨性得到提高.当TiC的添加量为20％(质量分数)时,涂层的平均显微硬度高达1072.5 HV,较WC/Ni熔覆层高了128 HV,此时涂层的耐磨性最好.     

放电等离子烧结氮化硅陶瓷刀具材料的摩擦磨损性能

研究了放电等离子烧结氮化硅陶瓷刀具材料(91wt％ α-Si3N4 +5wt％ MgSiN2 +3wt％ Y2O3 +1wt％ CeO2)在干滑动条件下分别与氮化硅陶瓷和轴承钢GCr15的摩擦磨损性能.结果 表明:Si3N4/Si3N4滑动副的摩擦系数和磨损率随着滑动速度的增加而减小,且不同滑动速度下的磨损表面均有明显的犁削特征和剥落,其磨损形式主要为磨粒磨损;Si3N4/GCr15滑动副的摩擦系数和磨损率随着负载的增加先减小后增大,其磨损机理为氧化磨损和粘着磨损.由于氮化硅球的高硬度和轴承钢的相对低硬度,相同条件下Si3N4/Si3N4滑动副的磨损率均大于Si3N4/GCr15.     

TiO2对R2O-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-ZrO2系微晶玻璃析晶及性能的影响

以花岗岩废渣为主要原料,用熔融法制备了添加TiO2的R2O-MgO-Al2 O3-SiO2-ZrO2(RMASZ)系微晶玻璃.采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子万能材料试验机和显微硬度测试仪研究了TiO2对RMASZ系微晶玻璃的晶相组成、显微结构以及力学性能的影响.结果表明:当TiO2含量为0wt％、0.5wt％、1wt％时析出的主晶相为t-ZrO2和顽火辉石;当TiO2含量为2wt％和3wt％时析出假蓝宝石相,顽火辉石相减少.当TiO2为0.5wt％时晶粒细致均匀,其四点抗弯强度达到122.41 MPa,显微硬度为9.35 GPa.     

高温球阀喷涂Al2O3-TiO2和WC-Co涂层的耐磨粒磨损性能

采用激光等离子喷涂技术在已失效的高温球阀基体材料上制备Al2O3-TiO2与WC-Co金属陶瓷涂层,在摩擦磨损试验机上对涂层的耐磨粒磨损性能进行研究,利用扫描电镜、光学显微镜对涂层的显微组织结构、磨损表面及其相组进行分析,并采用维氏显微硬度计、WE-50型液压拉伸验机和箱式电热炉对涂层的显微硬度、结合强度及抗热震性进行测试.结果表明,Al2O3-TiO2金属陶瓷涂层的综合性能最好,可以用于失效高温球阀的再制造.     

Synergetic effect of fly ash cenospheres and multi-walled carbon nanotubes on mechanical and tribological properties of epoxy resin coatings

The multiform wear of friction pair components is the main cause of marine equipment failure and epoxy resin (EP) coatings have been widely used in this field. Fly ash cenospheres (FACs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used to reinforce the tribological properties of EP coatings. The synergetic effects of FACs and MWCNTs on the mechanical and tribological properties of EP coatings were studied. Experimental results show that the tensile and flexural properties of FACs-MWCNTs/EP composites are significantly reinforced. The tribological performance of EP composite coatings under seawater conditions is improved by the synergetic effect of FACs and MWCNTs, especially, the 10 wt.% FACs-1 wt.% MWCNTs/EP coatings behave the most excellent tribological properties. It indicates that FACs can increase the hardness of EP coatings and provide a smoother surface for the water film formation, which decreases the friction coefficient and wear volume. MWCNTs can increase the elasticity modulus of EP, and act as a rope to prevent EP matrix and FACs from being desquamated.     

Mechanical properties study of micro‐ and nano‐hydroxyapatite reinforced ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene composites

This is a comparative study between ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) reinforced with micro‐ and nano‐hydroxyapatite (HA) under different filler content. The micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites were prepared by hot‐pressing method, and then compression strength, ball indentation hardness, creep resistance, friction, and wear properties were investigated. To explore mechanisms of these properties, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectrum, wettability, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry analysis were carried out on the samples. The results demonstrated that UHMWPE reinforced with micro‐ and nano‐HA would improve the ball indentation hardness, compression strength, creep resistance, wettability, and wear behavior. The mechanical properties for both micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites were comparable with pure UHMWPE. The mechanical properties of nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites are better compared with micro‐HA/UHMWPE composites and pure UHMWPE. The optimum filler quantity of micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites is found to be at 15 wt % and 10 wt %, separately. The micro‐ and nano‐HA/UHMWPE composites exhibit a low friction coefficient and good wear resistance at this content. The worn surface of HA/UHMWPE composites shows the wear mechanisms changed from furrow and scratch to surface rupture and delamination when the weight percent of micro‐ and nano‐HA exceed 15 wt % and 10 wt %. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 42869.     

Effect of MoS2/PTFE coatings on performance of Si3N4/TiC ceramics in dry sliding against WC/Co

To enhance the tribological performance of Si₃N₄/TiC ceramics, MoS₂/PTFE composite coatings were deposited on the ceramic substrate through spraying method. The micrographs and basic properties of the MoS₂/PTFE coated samples were investigated. Dry sliding friction experiments against WC/Co ball were performed with the coated ceramics and traditional ones. These results showed that the composite coatings could significantly reduce the friction coefficient of ceramics, and protect the substrate from adhesion wear. The primary tribological mechanisms of the coated ceramics were abrasive wear, coating spalling and delamination, and the tribological property was transited from slight wear to serious wear with the increase of load because of the lower surface hardness and shear strength. The possible mechanisms for the effects of MoS₂/PTFE composite coatings on the friction performance of ceramics were discussed.     

纳米填充环氧树脂/玻璃纤维复合材料的摩擦磨损性能研究

分别将纳米三氧化二铝（Al2O3）、纳米二氧化钛（TiO2）、纳米二氧化硅（SiO2）颗粒和碳纳米管(CNTs)填充到环氧树脂(EP)/玻璃纤维(GF)复合材料中,制备了纳米填充EP/GF复合材料,GF的体积含量为30 %。用环块摩擦试验机研究了纳米填充物对EP/GF复合材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,1.0 %（质量分数,下同）的CNTs能够较大幅度地降低复合材料的摩擦因数和磨损率,而纳米Al2O3、纳米TiO2和纳米SiO2颗粒可以明显提高复合材料的耐磨损性能。     

化学镀镍(铜)磷-聚四氟乙烯复合涂层的沉积特性

用化学沉积方法制备镍（铜）磷－聚四氟乙烯复合涂层的沉积特性,研究了复合涂层的沉积特性,结果表明,通过在镍（铜）磷合金溶液中改变聚四氟乙烯的添加量,能得到不同成分的镍（铜）磷－聚四氟乙烯复合材料;在镀态下与基体镍（铜）磷合金涂层相比,复合涂层具有罗低的表面粗糙度和孔隙度,但显微硬度有所降低在损体系较大摩擦系数明显降低;时效处理可显著提高Ｎｉ（Ｃｕ）Ｐ－ＰＴＦＥ复合涂层的硬度和麻损性能,聚四氯乙烯起到     

Microstructure and tribological properties of ternary BCN thin films with different carbon contents

Boron carbon nitrogen (BCN) thin films with different carbon contents are deposited on high-speed steel substrates by reactive magnetron sputtering (RMS) and their microstructure and tribological properties are studied. The BCN films with carbon contents from 26.9 wt.% to 61.3 wt.% have an amorphous structure with variable amounts of carbon bonds (sp²C–C, sp²C–N and sp³C–N bonds). A higher carbon content enhances the film hardness but reduces the friction coefficient against GCr15 steel balls in air. BCN films with higher hardness, lower friction coefficient, and better wear resistance can be obtained by increasing the carbon content.     

自润滑复合镀层的摩擦学性能及其强化机理分析

探讨自润滑复合镀层的摩擦学性能及其增强相的摩擦磨损强化机理;分析经具有自润滑性能的石墨、二硫化钼、聚四氟乙烯及碳纳米管等改性的复合镀层的摩擦学行为;并探讨该类复合镀层的摩擦磨损强化机制。     

Tribological properties of YSZ and YSZ/Ni-YSZ nanocomposite coatings prepared by electron beam physical vapour deposition

Metal-ceramic nanocomposite coatings have been applied to many industrial applications owing to their remarkable properties such as wear, corrosion and high temperature oxidation resistance than that of metals and alloys in high temperature environments. In this study, YSZ and Ni-YSZ nanocomposite coatings deposited by electron beam physical vapour deposition (EBPVD) for high temperature environments have been investigated. Initially friction and wear behaviour of YSZ coatings deposited at various substrate temperature were studied. Then the effect on wear response of Ni-YSZ nanocomposites with different Ni content were investigated using a ball-on-disc micro tribometer. The structural and tribochemical changes that occurred in the wear tracks of YSZ and Ni-YSZ coatings were investigated using field emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The results obtained on sliding wear and friction behaviour of these nanocomposite coatings suggest that 50 wt.% of Ni in YSZ nanocomposite provides good wear resistance behaviour than that of other coatings. Such an improvement in tribomechanical and wear performance of the nanocomposite coating could be attributed to the optimum amount of Ni which promotes the formation of NiO from Ni due to the frictional heat between nanocomposite coating and the sliding counter body in wear track as confirmed by Raman analysis.     

Friction behavior of PTFE-coated Si3N4/TiC ceramics fabricated by spray technique under dry friction

PTFE coatings were deposited on the Si₃N₄/TiC ceramic substrate by using spray technology. The surface and cross-section micrographs, adhesive force of coatings with substrate, surface roughness and micro-hardness of the coated ceramics were examined. The friction and wear behaviors of ceramic samples with and without coatings were investigated through carrying out dry sliding friction tests against WC/Co ball. The test results indicated that the coated ceramics exhibited rougher surface and lower micro-hardness, and the PTFE coatings can significantly reduce the surface friction and adhesive wear of ceramics. The friction performance of PTFE-coated sample was affected by applied load due to the lower surface hardness and shear strength of coatings, and the main wear failure mechanisms were abrasion wear, coating delamination and flaking. It can be considered that deposition of PTFE coatings is a promising approach to improve the friction and wear behavior of ceramic substrate.     

Sintering Process and Mechanical Property of MWCNTs/HDPE Bulk Composite

Studies have proved that increasing polymer matrices by carbon nanotubes to form structural reinforcement and electrical conductivity have significantly improved mechanical and electrical properties at very low carbon nanotubes loading. In other words, increasing polymer matrices by carbon nanotubes to form structural reinforcement can reduce friction coefficient and enhance anti-wear property. However, producing traditional MWCNTs in polymeric materix is an extremely complicated process. Using melt-mixing process or in situ polymerization leads to better dispersion effect on composite materials. In this study, therefore, to simplify MWCNTs /HDPE composite process and increase dispersion, powder was used directly to replace pellet to mix and sinter with MWCNTs. The composite bulks with 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4% nanotube content by weight was analyzed under SEM to observe nanotubes dispersion. At this rate, a MWCNTs/HDPE composite bulk with uniformly dispersed MWCNTs was achieved, and through the wear bench (Pin-on-Disk), the wear experiment has accomplished. Accordingly, the result suggests the sintered MWCNTs/HDPE composites amplify the hardness and wear-resist property.