陶瓷抛光废料对多孔陶瓷轻质砖性能及结构影响的研究

以建筑陶瓷抛光废料为主要原料研制了以石英和莫来石为主晶相的多孔陶瓷轻质砖,并采用XBD、显微镜分析了建筑陶瓷抛光废料掺量对多孔陶瓷轻质砖的晶相、气孔结构和断裂模数的影响。研究结果表明：增加建筑陶瓷抛光废料掺量可提高多孔陶瓷轻质砖的气孔率,但会降低其断裂模数;而加入锻烧Al2O3、不仅可提高建筑陶瓷抛光废料的掺量,而且可促进多孔陶瓷轻质砖中堇青石和刚玉的形成,从而改善其断裂模数等力学性能。     

熔剂性原料对轻质多孔陶瓷性能影响研究

以普通陶瓷坯体为样本,设计正交试验,研究了钾长石、钠长石、硅灰石和滑石4种熔剂对轻质多孔陶瓷的容重、断裂模数以及综合形貌等方面的影响规律。研究结果表明:硅灰石对轻质多孔陶瓷容重、断裂模数影响最大,钾长石对综合形貌影响最大。最终确定了最优配方,制得了陶瓷容重为0.82g/cm3,断裂模数为8.3MPa的轻质多孔陶瓷,其气孔大小均匀,以0.2~0.5mm的闭气孔为主。     

中华人民共和国国家标准（GB/T3810.4-2006） 陶瓷砖试验方法 第4部分：断裂模数和破坏强度的测定

前言 GB／T3810《陶瓷砖试验方法》包括下列16个部分：第1部分：抽样和接收条件；第2部分：尺寸和表面质量的检验：第3部分：吸水率、显气孔率、表观相对密度和容重的测定：第4部分：断裂模数和破坏强度的测定：第5部分：用恢复系数确定砖的抗冲击性；     

问：陶瓷砖日本标准和国际标准有哪些共同点和不同点？

答：1两个标准的共同点陶瓷砖JIS标准（日本标准）和ISO标准（国际标准）所引用的方法标准中以下几方面大致相同：1）吸水率、显气孔率、容重的测定方法；2）破坏强度和断裂模数的测定方法；     

中华人民共和国国家标准(GB/T3810.10-2006) 陶瓷砖试验方法 第10部分:湿膨胀的测定

<正>前言GB/T 3810《陶瓷砖试验方法》分为16个部分:第1部分:抽样和接收条件;第2部分:尺寸和表面质量的检验;第3部分:吸水率、显气孔率、表面相对密度和容重的测定;第4部分:断裂模数和破坏强度的测定;第5部分:用恢复系数确定砖的抗冲击性;第6部分:无釉砖耐磨深度的测定;第7部分:有釉砖表面耐磨性的测定;     

中华人民共和国国家标准(GB/T3810.1—2006) 陶瓷砖试验方法 第1部分:抽样和接收条件

前言GB/T 3810《陶瓷砖试验方法》分为16个部分:第1部分:抽样和接收条件;第2部分:尺寸和表面质量的检验;第3部分:吸水率、显气孔率、表观相对密度和容重的测定;第4部分:断裂模数和破坏强度的测定;第5部分:用恢复系数确定砖的抗冲击性;第6部分;无釉砖耐磨深度的测定;第7部分:有釉砖表面耐磨性的测定;     

陶瓷砖试验方法第13部分:耐化学腐蚀性的测定

<正>中华人民共和国国家标准(GB/T 3813.10-2006)前言GB/T 3810《陶瓷砖试验方法》分为16个部分:第1部分:抽样和接收条件;第2部分:尺寸和表面质量的检验;第3部分;吸水率、显气孔率、表观相对密度和容重的测定;第4部分:断裂模数和破坏强度的测定;第5部分:用恢复系数确定砖的抗冲击性;     

中华人民共和国国家标准(GB/T3810.9-2006) 陶瓷砖试验方法 第9部分:抗热震性的测定

<正>前言GB/T 3810《陶瓷砖试验方法》分为16个部分:第1部分:抽样和接收条件;第2部分:尺寸和表面质量的检验;第3部分:吸水率、显气孔率、表观相对密度和容重的测定;第4部分:断裂模数和破坏强度的测定;第5部分:用恢复系数确定砖的抗冲击性;第6部分:无釉砖耐磨深度的测定;第7部分:有釉砖表面耐磨性的测定;第8部分:线性热膨胀的测定;     

钙长石系轻质隔热砖的制备及钙长石形成过程

本文对钙长石系轻质隔热砖的泡沫法坯体成型技术和砖样烧成条件以及砖样煅烧过程中钙长石的形成情况进行了系统的实验研究.结果表明,控制铝酸盐水泥用量23%左右,料浆水固比0.71左右,借助于泡沫法可以制得干坯容重为370～450 kg/m3的轻质隔热砖坯体;添加0.3%ZnO作为烧结助剂,在1350～1380 ℃之间保温2 h可以制得容重低于550 kg/m3的钙长石系轻质隔热砖.XRD分析表明,在煅烧过程中轻质隔热砖配合原料体系于1000～1100 ℃之间钙长石开始形成,1100～1300 ℃之间钙长石的形成量随煅烧温度的提高而增加,1350 ℃时钙长石形成反应基本完成.     

陶瓷砖试验方法第14部分：耐污染性的测定

前言，GB／T3810（陶瓷砖试验方法》分为16个部分：第1部分：抽样和接收条件：第2部分：尺寸和表面质量的检验：第3部分：吸水率、显气孔率、表观相对密度和容重的测定：第4部分：断裂模数和破坏强度的测定：     

石棉尾渣和粉煤灰制备堇青石多孔陶瓷及其理化性能

低成本制备堇青石多孔陶瓷一直是专家学者们研究的热点,本文以石棉尾渣、粉煤灰、高岭土为原料,在不添加发泡剂的情况下,采用直接烧结法成功制备了堇青石多孔陶瓷,系统研究了堇青石多孔陶瓷的物相演化、显微结构及理化性能。结果表明:烧结温度的升高和配方中高岭土含量的增加有助于样品中堇青石的合成,高岭土的添加可以有效降低样品发泡的温度和提高样品的孔隙率;当烧结温度为1 240 ℃,焙烧后的石棉尾渣、焙烧后的粉煤灰和高岭土质量比为5∶5∶3时,制备的堇青石多孔陶瓷的体积密度仅为0.6 g/cm³,孔隙率高达76.94%;当烧结温度为1 220 ℃,焙烧后的石棉尾渣、焙烧后的粉煤灰和高岭土质量比为5∶5∶5时,制备的堇青石多孔陶瓷吸水率达到最大值34.57%;此外,制备的堇青石多孔陶瓷还表现出良好的耐碱性能。     

造孔剂和增强剂对工业固废基多孔陶瓷性能的影响

以镁渣,粉煤灰为原料,添加造孔剂(电石渣、碳粉)和增强剂(高岭土、膨润土)制备多孔陶瓷,并研究造孔剂和增强剂种类和含量对多孔陶瓷性能的影响.结果表明,添加造孔剂后,多孔陶瓷的烧失率、吸水率和气孔率升高,体积密度和强度降低.同等含量时,碳粉具有较好的造孔效果;多孔陶瓷的烧失率、吸水率和气孔率最高可分别达到30％,38％和53％,体积密度最小达到1.4 g/cm3;添加增强剂后,多孔陶瓷的强度大为提高,但其吸水率、气孔率降低,体积密度增加.高岭土的含量不大于10％时,其粘结增强效果明显优于同等含量膨润土的;多孔陶瓷的压缩强度可至28 MPa.     

硅藻土基多孔陶瓷的制备及研究

到11.65 m2/g,孔容0.288 m3/g,孔径为6.26 nm.     

Purification of Porous Zircon by Carbochlorination

Porous zircon refractory brick were carbochlorinated to remove tramp impurities. The peak temperature of this process did not exceed 1400°C. Chemical analysis results showed the level of impurities removed. High-temperature mass spectrometry results as a function of increased temperature showed how the volatilization behavior of zircon changed after carbochlorination. High-temperature (1400°C) modulus of rupture tests were performed, and no degradation in average strength to failure was observed. Little or no change in bulk density, porosity, or zircon microstructure was observed. Carbochlorinated zircon refractories were used to build production-sized glassmaking furnaces for manufacturing high-optical-quality glass.     

Use of steel slag and quartz sand-tailing for the preparation of an eco-friendly permeable brick

In order to effectively utilize industrial solid wastes (ISW), an eco-friendly permeable brick was successfully prepared by using quartz sand-tailing and steel slag. The influence of sintering temperature on the properties including permeability, apparent porosity, water absorption, bulk density, mechanical strengths, and chemical stability was systematically investigated. The research results show that with increasing sintering temperature, the structure of the permeable brick gradually become dense, which may be due to liquid phase sintering caused by a small amount of glass-liquid phase (Ca-Fe-Si-Al-O glass system). The permeability, apparent porosity, and water absorption decrease gradually, while the bulk density and mechanical strengths increase monotonously. Furthermore, the best sintering schedule for the permeable brick is 1320°C for 1 hour, with the optimized parameters, the permeable brick exhibits excellent properties (permeability, 3.65 × 10⁻² cm/s; compressive strength, 34.1 MPa; bending strength, 5.2 MPa; chemical stability, above 99%), wherein the permeability is far beyond Chinese standard (1 × 10⁻² cm/s). The permeable brick in this work provides a promising way for the recycle of ISW. Even better, it can maximize the introduction of quartz sand-tailing and steel slag (reach 100%) and create huge economic benefits while protecting environment.     

Effect of Andalusite Addition on Properties of Chrome-corundum Bricks

In order to improve the thermal shock resistance of chrome-corundum bricks, different amounts of andalusite were added to the formulation of chrome-corundum bricks to replace the equivalent white fused corundum with the same particle size. After mixing, shaping, drying and firing, the density, the cold strength, the cold wear resistance, the hot modulus of rupture and the thermal shock resistance were tested. XRD, SEM and elemental surface scanning were used to characterize the specimens. The results show that:(1) the volume expansion of andalusite mullitization reduces the apparent porosity of chrome-corundum bricks;(2) the density and the hardness of mullite are lower than those of corundum so the decrease of the corundum content in brick leads to the decrease of the bulk density, the strength and the cold wear resistance;(3) the cross-distributed columnar mullite in the matrix can effectively improve the hot modulus of rupture and the thermal shock resistance of the specimens;(4) considering comprehensively, the andalusite addition shall not exceed 18%.     

油井土、废玻璃基多孔陶瓷的制备及结构表征

利用油井土、废玻璃作为主要原料,同时以碳酸钙作为造孔剂,通过控制烧结过程,最终制备多孔陶瓷材料,并利用XRD、SEM等对样品进行结构表征。本研究的目的是为了研究油井土、废玻璃、碳酸钙的比例以及烧结温度对孔隙率、机械强度、体积密度、吸水率、微观结构和结晶程度的影响。结果表明样品A3呈现大孔均匀的微观结构,是通过添加35wt％油井土、40wt％废玻璃、20wt％碳酸钙、5wt％硅酸钠在较低的烧结温度下来获得,其孔隙率、抗压强度、抗弯强度、体积密度和吸水率的值分别为52．38％、4．43 MPa、12．59 MPa、1．07 g／cm3和29．56％。并观察到其机械强度、吸水率和微观结构（孔径及孔径分布）有良好的相关性。     

造孔剂种类对粉煤灰多孔陶瓷性能的影响研究

以工业废弃物粉煤灰为主要原料,采用添加造孔剂法,分别以淀粉和煤粉为造孔剂,模压成型,在1000℃固相烧结制备粉煤灰多孔陶瓷,用SEM测试分析手段表征不同条件下粉煤灰多孔陶瓷的微观结构变化,研究了造孔剂种类及用量对显气孔率、抗弯强度、吸水率、体积密度、耐酸碱性能的影响.     

EXPERIMENTS IN DEAD-BURNING DOLOMITE AND MAGNESITE1

Stability of calcined dolomite; effect of fineness of raw material, nature of flux and temperature of burning .—Dolomite is difficult to dead-burn because the absorption of moisture from the air produces a gradual slacking due, probably, to the hydration of lime and various lime compounds, and this tends to cause disintegration. With all the fluxes tried, 100 mesh raw material gave greater resistance to slacking than 8 mesh size. This resistance decreased, however, with increasing temperature of calcining, by an amount which seems to depend on the silica and alumina content of the flux, being greatest for basic open hearth slag and kaolin, less for flue dust, and iron ore, and least for roll scale. The stability also varied with the proportions of flux used, being greater, as a rule, for smaller proportions. Shrinkage, porosity and vitrification of calcined dolomite; effect of flux and burning temperature .—The shrinkage and porosity curves for mixtures containing flue dust, iron ore or roll scale are very similar. The higher the proportion of flux, the lower the temperature required to get maximum shrinkage and minimum porosity. Kaolin and basic open hearth slag behaved peculiarly in that vitrification depended more on the burning temperature than on the proportion of flux used. Experiments in making dolomite brick .—It was found that ageing of the wet calcined material was necessary to prevent cracking of the bricks upon drying. With 5 per cent MgCl₂ as binder, comparatively strong brick were obtained. High shrinkage on firing caused excessive cracking, but the bricks were extremely dense and did not disintegrate until after four to six months. Unfired tar-bonded brick were made with sufficient strength to stand shipping and with a storage life of about four months. Fired tar-bonded brick showed less shrinkage and cracking than similar brick made with water. If dipped in tar to protect them from moisture, such brick will last five or six months before disintegration. It is possible, then to make dolomite brick with a storage life long enough to allow shipping and placing in furnaces. Stability, shrinkage and porosity of calcined magnesite; effect of flux and temperature of burning .—Unlike dolomite, magnesite showed less slacking effect the higher the temperature of burning. Roll scale gave greater stability than iron ore, probably because of its lower silica content. The product was comparatively porous and with low shrinkage, even with high proportions of roll scale.     

基于灰关联性的硅藻土物化特性对沥青混合料性能的影响分析

为了研究硅藻土物理和化学特性对沥青及沥青混合料路用性能的影响,对四种产地的硅藻土材料的SiO2含量、硅藻含量、平均粒径、比表面积及堆密度进行了测试,对四种硅藻土改性沥青及硅藻土改性沥青混合料的路用性能进行了测试,并基于灰色关联性分析了硅藻土材料特性对沥青及沥青混合料性能的影响.结果表明,不同硅藻土的物理特性和化学成分差异较大,当硅藻含量及SiO2含量越高、堆密度较小、比表面积较大时,硅藻土改性沥青混合料具有较为优异的水稳定性、高温稳定性和低温抗裂性能;硅藻土改性沥青的抗剪强度与沥青的高温性能及沥青混合料动稳定度的相关性较好,可用于沥青及沥青混合料的高温性能的评价;为了使硅藻土改性沥青混合料具有优异的路用性能应使用SiO2含量和硅藻含量均大于80%的硅藻土.