访问控制框架中的策略加权

本文针对访问控制框架中的策略给出加权因子以体现其在策略框架中的重要性及对访问决定的影响程度。在模糊逻辑中加权模型真值计算思想上,提出访问控制框架加权策略下访问请求判定模型。该模型结合计算机逻辑中表示析取和合取的不同操作符,给出加权策略下访问判定的计算公式,访问判定值再与系统访问判定门陷值进行比较,以决定该访问请求是否授权。模型通过计算访问请求的授权许可值而给出判定,这比传统的访问请求授权方法更细粒度、易于理解,更能满足实际系统的需要,并增强系统的安全性。     

加权多粒度直觉模糊信息系统的粗糙集模型及其决策*

针对现有多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集决策模型的不足,提出粒度加权的多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集模型.首先研究加权多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集的基本性质,分析加权多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集与乐观多粒度、悲观多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集之间的关系,并给出这几种模型不确定度量之间的关系.然后给出决策规则的置信度和支持度定义以及决策规则的获取方法,弥补目前常用的多粒度直觉模糊粗糙集的不足.最后通过决策实例分析验证文中模型的有效性.     

基于模糊逻辑的几类Kripke结构之间的关系

根据初始状态、状态之间的转换关系和命题赋值函数是否为分明的,模糊Kripke结构可分为8类。提出将模糊计算树逻辑作为判断模糊Kripke结构之间是否是等价的依据;详细讨论了8种模糊Kripke结构之间的关系。这些结论为设计应用中模型的合理选取提供了理论依据,也为解决模糊计算树逻辑的模型检测问题提供了一种新的方法。     

基于中介真值程度的成绩评价算法设计

成绩评价是学生学习活动过程中一项重要的工作,评价方法要求客观、全面和公正.以中介数学系统为背景,为处理工程实践和科学研究中普遍存在的模糊现象提供一种度量逻辑真值程度的方法,即引入中介真值程度的度量方法来研究成绩评价方法.在确定所给的考试分数区域与其对应谓词的真值之间的关系后,根据真值程度函数进行了算法设计,给出了成绩的单项和综合评价.通过实例分析可以看出,该算法设计能全面、定性地反映个体成绩的优劣,方法更科学、公正和全面.鉴于评价系统的相似性,文中所涉及的中介真值程度的度量算法在评价、决策与管理科学中会得到广泛应用.     

一种模糊区域的拓扑关系模型

空间区域拓扑关系建模是空间推理、地理信息系统(GIS)和计算机视觉等领域一个非常重要的主题，模糊区域的拓扑关系建模正日益受到相关领域研究者的重视，在分析现有模型的基础上，提出了一种模糊区域的拓扑关系模型，该模型利用模糊集来表示模糊区域，通过三个谓词的真值来判断区域间的拓扑关系，将分明区域作为特例统一处理，根据谓词的多种真值能够实现多层次上的拓扑关系分析．     

基于一类严格三角范数的命题逻辑

剩余模糊逻辑演算与连续三角范数是紧密相关的,三角范数是合取联结词的真值函数,三角范数的剩余是蕴涵联结词的真值函数. 在这些逻辑中,非运算都是由蕴涵和真值常量0定义的,即(→)P∶P→0-.在本文中,我们引入一种具有对合性质的强非运算联结词"～"和投影联结词"Δ",证明基于严格泛与运算模型T(x,y,h)(h∈(0.75,1))的命题演算逻辑PC(T)系统是基本严格模糊逻辑SBL;PC(T)～是基本严格模糊逻辑SBL的扩张SBL～.     

分布式问题求解方案的模糊综合评价模型及其算法实现

为解决现阶段大型复杂工程方案评价缺少实用理论分析工具的问题,文章应用“主因素突出型”和“因素加权型”两种多阶段模糊评判模型,实现了一种适合大型工程分布式协同设计的方案模糊综合评价算法。文中首先分析了大型工程分布式问题求解过程,提出了一种面向工程的分布式问题求解逻辑结构;其次详细分析了多阶段方案模糊评价模型以及模糊综合评价算法的流程框图及其实现过程。     

复合模糊命题的弱逻辑关系及其运算方法

对模糊专家系统中的复合模糊命题的真值计算方法进行探讨,从实际应用中总结出复合模糊命题中的子命题之间所具有多种逻辑关系,诸如合联关系、析取关系、加权平均关系和弱逻辑关系,其中弱逻辑关系是笔者开发模糊专家系统时根据实际情况首次提出的一种新的逻辑关系,并总结出复合模糊命题的各种真值计算方法的适用范围。进而提出处理弱逻辑关系的方法,最后将弱逻辑关系与其它逻辑关系作比较。     

模糊逻辑的研究

推理的不确定性在人工智能研究中占有十分重要的地位,模糊逻辑是不确定性推理的基础,文章首先指出作者常用的“累加型”加权模糊逻辑的缺点,并在此基础上,给出了“最大一平均”加权模糊逻辑的模型。     

基于TOPSIS的语言真值直觉模糊多属性决策

针对具有模糊语言值信息的多属性决策问题,结合传统的TOPSIS方法,提出了基于TOPSIS的语言真值直觉模糊多属性决策方法。在语言真值直觉模糊代数的基础上,用语言真值直觉模糊对来表达既有可比的又有不可比的模糊语言值信息,给出了语言真值直觉模糊对之间的归一化距离算法,并讨论了其相关性质。提出了语言真值直觉模糊正、负理想点,通过计算各方案属性值与正、负理想点之间的距离,得到各方案与理想点之间的相对贴近度,并根据相对贴近度的排序结果得到最优方案。实例说明该决策方法的合理性和有效性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。