Synthesis of In2O3 Thin Films from Indium Thin Film by Hot-Water Oxidation Method

Radio-frequency (RF)-sputtered indium thin films were prepared and processed in ultrapure water at 368 K (95 °C) for various time durations. The processed samples were poor in crystalline quality and indexed as cubic phase for the samples processed for more than 12 hours. A rhombohedral to cubic phase was also observed. Photoluminescence (PL) and Raman spectra showed few dominant peaks at ~385, ~515, and ~675 and at ~203 and 495 cm⁻¹ as oxygen deficient cubic In₂O₃ with nanostructured In₂O₃, respectively.     

Thermoelectric properties of quaternary chalcogenide Cu2ZnSnS4 synthesised by mechanical alloying

ABSTRACT

The quaternary chalcogenide Cu₂ZnSnS₄ has emerged as a potential thermoelectric (TE) material due to its low thermal conductivity (κ), high Seebeck coefficient (S) and composition including earth-abundant, low-cost and non-toxic elements. In this work, Cu₂ZnSnS₄ was synthesised from a mixture of Cu, Zn, Sn and S powders using a mechanical alloying method. As a result, Cu₂ZnSnS₄ powders were formed after 16?h of milling, without additional heat treatment. After milling, the powders were heat-treated at 723?K for 24?h and then sintered by spark plasma sintering under an applied pressure of 60?MPa at 873?K for 10?min. The heat-treated Cu₂ZnSnS₄ sample showed a wide-band-gap of 1.49?eV. The sintered Cu₂ZnSnS₄ sample exhibited S and κ values of 170 μV K^?1 and 1.06 W m^?1 K^?1, respectively with an electrical conductivity σ of 1240 S m^?1 and a dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of 0.022 at 663?K.     

Anisotropic Magnetoresistance of Perovskite La_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)MnO_3/YBa_2Cu_4O_8/La_(2/3)Ca_(1/3)MnO_3 Trilayer Films

Magneticanisotropyhasbeenfoundinmanyex oticmaterials,suchasmetallicsuperlatticeswithgi antmagnetoresistanceeffectsandthehightempera turesuperconductingoxideYBa2Cu3O7 δ[1～4].The anisotropycouldfindnovelusesinnewdeviceappli cations.Agoodexampleisthehig…     

粉末法制备太阳能电池Cu2ZSnS4薄膜吸收层

使用感应熔炼法制备Cu-Zn-Sn合金,并利用单辊甩带制备连续均匀的Cu-Zn-Sn合金薄带.球磨Cu-Zn-Sn合金薄带后和硫粉混合制成粉末前驱体,再将粉末前驱体涂敷在钠钙玻璃基体上在H2 S(g)和N2 S(g)气氛中退火,得到太阳能电池薄膜吸收层用材Cu2ZnSnS4.利用X.射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对Cu-Zn-Sn合金薄带及Cu2ZnSnS4薄膜进行分析和表征,并利用可见光.紫外分光光度计测量Cu2ZnSnS4薄膜的吸收率和透光率.结果表明:使用单辊甩带法可以制备出成分均匀的脆性合金薄带,薄带厚度为6～10 μm.在N2 S(g)气氛下400℃退火后可制成比较纯净的具有锌黄锡矿结构的Cu2ZnSnS4薄膜,其禁带宽度为1.61 eV.     

铁酸锌纳米薄膜的液相水热合成

以不锈钢和玻璃作为基底,氟铁酸铵和硼酸为前驱体,用液相沉积法得到水合氧化铁薄膜,然后在0.2mol/L的Zn2+溶液中进行水热转化,最终形成铁酸锌薄膜。通过XRD、SEM和TEM对薄膜的物相和表面形貌进行表征,用XPS对薄膜表面元素价态进行确定,结果表明:在水热温度为175~250℃、pH=5~11、水热时间12h可以成功合成铁酸锌薄膜,铁酸锌粒径约20nm。紫外-可见光吸收谱(UV-Vis)表明其光响应范围为λ<473nm,电化学测试表明其光生电位低于不锈钢的自腐蚀电位。     

碳酸盐前驱体和CS2硫化制备SrY2S4:Eu2+红色荧光粉及其表征

以Sr2＋, Y3＋和Eu3＋的混合硝酸盐溶液为阳离子溶液, 以（NH4）2CO3为沉淀剂, 共沉淀法制备了碳酸盐前驱体, TG-DSC分析结果表明, 随着（NH4）2CO3浓度的升高, 前驱体组成由碱式碳酸盐向正盐转变. 以CS2为硫化剂, 高温煅烧前驱体合成了SrY2S4：Eu2＋红色荧光粉. XRD表明前驱体经800 ℃处理得到纯相SrY2S4. 荧光光谱和SEM研究表明在[Sr（NO3）2＋Eu（NO3）3]：[Y（NO3）3]：[（NH4）2CO3]=0.25：0.50：2.00（摩尔比）条件下制备前驱体, 然后1050 ℃煅烧4 h所得荧光粉的发光强度最大, 粒径小于1 μm, 粒子形貌呈椭球. Eu2＋在SrY2S4基质中的最佳掺杂摩尔分数是0.6%.     

Grain Size and Wettability of TiO2/SiO2 Photocatalytic Composite Thin Films

The uniform transparent TiO2/SiO2 photocatalytic composite thin films are prepared by sol-gel method on the soda lime glass substrates, and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET surface area, FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that the addition of SiO2 to TiO2 thin films can suppress the grain growth of TiO2 crystal, increase the hydroxyl content on the surface of TiO2 films, lower the contact angle for water on TiO2 films and enhance the hydrophilic property of TiO2 films. The super-hydrophilic TiO2/SiO2 photocatalytic composite thin films with the contact angle of 0-° are obtained by the addition of 10%-20% SiO2 in mole fraction.     

ZnS/Ni_2P复合物的合成、表征及光催化性能

以ZnS微球作为前驱体,乙酸镍为镍源,白磷为磷源,采用水热法制备ZnS/Ni_2P复合物。通过XRD,FE-SEM和TEM表征得知,ZnS/Ni_2P复合物由立方相的ZnS微球和复合于微球表面的六方相Ni_2P颗粒组成,且ZnS微球由ZnS纳米颗粒组成。光催化降解染料实验测试结果显示,ZnS/Ni_2P复合物与单一的ZnS相比,催化性能得到显著改善。同时,探究了不同的ZnS与Ni_2P质量比对复合物性能的影响,结果表明Ni_2P与ZnS的相对复合比例太大或太小都会对复合物性能的提升产生不良影响,最佳ZnS:Ni_2P的质量比为4:1。     

原位反应制备NbN/MoSi2/Si3N4复合材料

用Si，Mo和Nb作为起始原料通过预烧结、氮化反应和N2气氛下的热压烧结制备出Si3N4／MoSi2／NbN复合材料，借助扫描电镜和X射线衍射等分析手段对各阶段样品的相组成和显微组织进行了表征，结果表明：在预烧结阶段获得了NbN，MoSi2和未反应的Si相；随着温度的提高，氮化反应生成了α-Si3N4和少量β-Si3N4；最后经热压烧结制备了Si3N4／MoSi2／NbN复合材料。     

磁控溅射Ti/WO_3薄膜的微结构及光学性能

采用直流反应磁控溅射技术在玻璃基片上制备不同氧分压的Ti掺杂的WO3薄膜。用X射线衍射(XRD)、分光光度计、台阶仪等对薄膜的结构、光学性质进行表征;分析不同的氧分压对气敏薄膜透光率和结构的影响。结果表明,氧分压增大,膜厚减小,薄膜的平均晶粒尺寸增大,晶面间距增大,光学带隙变小。并用包络线法和经验公式法计算出薄膜的光学常数,结果表明,折射率和消光系数随氧分压的增加而增大。     

Synthesis, Structure and Ionic Conductivity of La2／3-x Li3x MoO4

AlargenumberofM0 .5A0 .5M′O4 (M :rareearthion ,Bi3+,Fe3+,Cr3+,etc .A :alkaliion ,Cu+,Ag+,etc .M′ :Mo ,W )withtetragonalscheelite typestructurehavegoodcatalyticproperties .Aslumines centsubstrates ,theyhaveexcellentsensitizationtolu minescenceofrareearthion .Manyresearchesontheirstructure ,catalytic ,magneticandluminescentproper tieshavebeenmadesince 196 0s[1～ 10 ] .Thegeneralformulaforcompoundswiththetetragonalscheelite typestructureisAM′O4 wherethecationM′istetrahe drallycoordinat…     

La2(SO4)3/SiO2催化合成增塑剂

以La2(SO4)3/SiO2为催化剂,顺丁烯二酸酐和丁醇为原料,合成内增塑剂顺丁烯二酸二丁酯,探讨了催化剂用量,酐醇物质的量比以及反应时间等对收率的影响.结果表明,La2(SO4)3/SiO2对顺丁烯二酸二丁酯的合成具有良好的催化活性,在适宜的条件下其收率可达99%.当把此催化剂用于合成柠檬酸三丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、丁二酸二丁酯时,同样具有良好的催化活性.     

Synthesis and characterisation of Si3N4p/Cu nanocomposite powders by high energy ball milling

Abstract

The present work reported the preparation of Cu–25 wt-%Si₃N₄ nanocomposite powders via high energy ball milling (HEBM). The phases and morphologies of as-milled powders with various milling times were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The experimental results showed that with increasing the milling time, the irregularly shaped Cu powder became flattened, and, subsequently, refined and near spherical. After 12 h milling, the particle size of Cu–Si₃N₄ composite powders was in the range of 200–300 nm, while the grain size of Si₃N₄ particulates, 10–25 nm, was well within a nanometre scale. A uniform distribution of the nanosized Si₃N₄ reinforcing phase throughout the Cu matrix was successfully obtained. A reasonable mechanism for the formation of Cu–Si₃N₄ nanocomposite powders during HEBM was also proposed.     

Effects of Mineral Tourmaline Particles on Photocatalytic Activities of RE/TiO2 Composite Thin Films

The composite TiO2 films containing the mineral tourmaline particles and rare earth elements (T/RE/TiO2 )were prepared by a sol-gel method using Ti( OC4H9 )4 as raw material. The microstructure and forming mechanism of T/RE/TiO2 films were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Effects of tourmaline on the photocatalytic activities of RE/TiO2 were determined by photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde. The results show that the photocatalytic degradation ratio of formaldehyde increases by 44.2% with the composite films of Ce/TiO2 containing 0.04%tourmaline, more than that with the thin films of Ce/TiO2 under UV irradiation.     

SO2-4/TiO2-WO3催化合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮

介绍了以固体超强酸SO42-/TiO2-WO3为多相催化剂,通过环己酮和1,2-丙二醇反应合成了环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮,探讨了SO24-/TiO2-WO3对缩酮反应的催化活性,较系统地研究了酮醇量比,催化剂用量,反应时间诸因素对产品收率的影响.实验表明:SO24-/TiO2-WO3是合成环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂,在n(环己酮):n(1,2-丙二醇)=1:1.5,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的1.25%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间1.5 h的优化条件下,环己酮1,2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达88.5%.