乙虫腈和吡蚜酮防治稻飞虱试验效果评价

灰飞虱和褐飞虱是为害海安县水稻的主要飞虱种群,近年来有加重发生的趋势,目前大部分药剂对其已产生较明显的抗性。10％乙虫腈和25％吡蚜酮是目前防治这两种飞虱比较理想的药剂,10％乙虫腈SC使用剂量为60-75ga．i．／hm^2时,其对褐飞虱20d的防效保持在85％以上,而当25％吡蚜酮WP使用剂量为75～93．75ga．i．／hm^2时,其对灰飞虱和褐飞虱均具有较好的持效性。     

25%噻虫·吡蚜酮WP防治稻飞虱田间试验研究

为明确25%噻虫·吡蚜酮WP对水稻褐飞虱及灰飞虱的防治效果,进行了小区药剂试验。结果表明:25%噻虫·吡蚜酮WP对灰飞虱和褐飞虱控制作用较好,建议在低龄若虫高峰期用药,制剂用量以180~360 g/hm2为宜。     

褐飞虱抗药性逐年加重,亟需采取有效对策严加防控

正水稻褐飞虱是沿江地区中晚粳稻区水稻中后期的重要害虫,特别是三、四代褐飞虱的发生为害,严重威胁水稻的正常生长发育,导致对水稻的产量和品质大幅度下降,对水稻高产稳产和增产增收影响更大。据初步统计:2005年以来,水稻中后期褐飞虱连年中等以上至大发生,重发年份造成部分田块水稻全田枯死,给水稻生产造成很大威胁。特别是2005年因水稻褐飞虱对防治飞虱的     

噻嗪酮与甲胺磷混用防治褐飞虱

褐飞虱是我国水稻上主要害虫之一。八十年代以来,褐飞虱的化学防治主要依赖有机磷和氨基甲酸酯类的少数品种,由于使用时间长,药效逐年下降,国内已有抗药性的报道。噻嗪酮是一种高效低毒的新型几丁质合成抑制剂,它的应用,使水稻褐飞虱的危害得到了有效的控制。但存在着杀虫谱单一,作用效果慢等弱点。为扩大噻嗪酮的杀虫谱,延缓老品种农药的使用年限,作者就其和甲胺磷的复配混用进行了有关研究。     

25%吡蚜酮WP防治水稻褐飞虱的效果

在江苏、安徽两地的田间小区药效试验结果表明,25%吡蚜酮WP对水稻褐飞虱具有良好防效,300g/hm2处理后14d校正防效达到98%左右,且对水稻生长无不良影响。     

克胜25%吡蚜酮悬浮剂防治水稻后期褐飞虱田间示范简报

针对2008年水稻后期部分田块褐飞虱偏重（前期用药不对路及用了刺激增生菊酯类农药、以及无公害稻田），极少数田出现零星“冒穿”，为筛选出对褐飞虱的增殖、危害具有较好的控制效果的药剂，2008年的水稻后期，我站对江苏克胜集团最新开发25％吡蚜酮悬浮剂进行了田间示范，以验证该产品防治褐飞虱的效果，为今后生产上再出现类似情况，推广应用25％吡蚜酮悬浮剂提供技术依据。     

浅谈稻飞虱的危害与防治

稻飞虱属同翅目飞虱科害虫,俗名火蠓虫,以刺吸植株汁液为害水稻等作物。常见种类有褐飞虱、白背飞虱和灰飞虱。稻飞虱是水稻上最主要害虫,其发生为害具有隐藏性、暴发性和毁灭性的特点。稻飞虱主要是指褐飞虱、白背飞虱和灰飞虱,它是一种迁飞性害虫,给水稻生产造成严重危害。     

噻嗪酮分析方法研究

噻嗪酮是新一代非杀生性农药,具有与常规农药不同的作用机理,它还具有高效、持效期长、对人畜安全、对环境污染少、保护天敌等特点,对防治同翅目害虫如飞虱科、叶蝉科、粉虱科、蚧科等若虫有特效。     

山东遭遇灰飞虱

今年入夏以来,山东遭遇了灰飞虱,虫量之大历史罕见。灰飞虱在鲁南登陆,在济宁等粮食主产区强烈暴发,而后向全省各地蔓延。灰飞虱主要危害水稻、玉米、小麦等禾本科作物。灰飞虱所到之处,夏作物都遭到了不同程度的残害。灰飞虱是玉米粗缩病和水稻条纹叶枯病的主要传毒介体,有随气流迁移和随降雨降落的习性,对玉米、水稻等秋粮作物危害严重。     

水稻重大病虫害防治药剂及使用技术

一、水稻主要虫害防治药剂及使用技术 （一）褐飞虱 1、噻嗪酮推荐使用剂量：112．5-187．5克有效成分／公顷;使用技术要点：在褐飞虱卵孵高峰至1-2龄若虫期喷雾使用,施药时田间应保持水层;使用注意事项：该药对飞虱成虫无作用,一定要注意用药时期。     

新型高效药剂吡蚜酮防治褐飞虱试验初报

三次系统试验表明,吡蚜酮单剂对各代稻飞虱均具有较好的控虫效果,特别是水稻生长后期大批六(3)代褐飞虱迁入后,吡蚜酮单剂防治成虫效果突出,从而减少产卵量,并控制七(4)代若虫数量,起到了真正的“治三压四”作用和保产功能。     

20%吡虫啉乳油防治稻飞虱药效试验

１９９４￣１９９５年在福建莆田，仙游县进行了２０％吡虫啉乳油防治稻飞虱试验。结果表明：吡虫啉对稻飞虱有良好的防治效果，供试的三种剂量防治稻褐飞虱，白背飞虱药后３￣１４天的效果可达到９３￣１００％，速效性较好，持效期可维持在１４天以上，对水稻安全，是一种较理想的防治稻飞虱的新药剂。     

25％吡蚜酮悬浮剂防治水稻后期褐飞虱田间示范试验

在水稻生长后期,田间褐飞虱百穴虫量6000～10000头的大发生形势下,用25％吡蚜酮防治褐飞虱每667m^2用24g,药后3d与7d的防效分别为73．69％与64．92％;每667m^2用30g,药后3d与7d的防效为78．55％与70．19％,显著优于参试的乙虫腈与烯啶虫胺。建议隔15～20d再次用药。     

20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂防治水稻稻飞虱效果及应用技术

为评价20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂对稻飞虱的防效,2016年开展了田间小区药效试验。结果表明,20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂对水稻稻飞虱有很好的防治效果,表现出良好的速效性和持效性,且对水稻安全,生产上有推广应用前景。建议20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂在水稻稻飞虱低龄若虫发生高峰期施用,其适宜制剂用量为450 g/hm~2。     

噻嗪酮、烯啶虫胺及其复配制剂对褐飞虱3龄若虫的毒力测定

在室内恒温条件下,采用稻苗浸渍法和稻茎浸渍法测定了噻嗪酮、烯啶虫胺及其复配制剂对褐飞虱3龄若虫的毒力,用孙云沛介绍的共毒系数法评价了不同剂型的噻嗪酮和烯啶虫胺复配制剂的联合作用.结果表明:噻嗪酮和烯啶虫胺质量比4:1的悬浮剂,采用稻苗浸渍法测得其LC50值为1.68 mg/L,共毒系数为191.53;采用稻茎浸渍法测得其LC50值为2.08 mg/L,其共毒系数为203.38.噻嗪酮和烯啶虫胺质量比4:1的二甲苯乳油,采用稻苗浸渍法测得其LC50值为1.80 mg/L,共毒系数为178.76;采用稻茎浸渍法测得其LC50值为2.17 mg/L,其共毒系数为194.94.当麻风树生物柴油作为2种药剂的复配制剂时,可提高混配制剂的增效作用,噻嗪酮和烯啶虫胺质量比4:1的生物柴油乳油,采用稻苗浸渍法测得其LC50值为1.39 mg/L,共毒系数为231.49;采用稻茎浸渍法测得其LC50为1.57 mg/L,其共毒系数为322.44.     

20%噻森铜悬浮剂防治水稻白叶枯病田间试验

介绍了20%噻森铜悬浮剂对水稻白叶枯病的田间防效。田间试验表明,20%噻森铜悬浮剂对水稻白叶枯病具有良好的防效。在发病初期,使用20%噻森铜悬浮剂300～500倍液,连续用药3次,防效可达约80%。20%噻森铜悬浮剂是防治水稻白叶枯菌的良好药剂。     

75%苯甲·咪鲜胺WP防治水稻稻瘟病试验初报

田间药效试验结果表明:75%苯甲·咪鲜胺WP对水稻稻瘟病有较好的防治效果,其药效随用药量加大而显著上升。第2次药后15 d,75%苯甲·咪鲜胺WP 600 g/hm2的防效达78.50%,与对照药剂25%苯醚甲环唑EC 750 mL/hm2和25%咪鲜胺EC 1200 mL/hm2的防效相当,且安全性好。因此,75%苯甲·咪鲜胺WP可以在生产上加以推广应用。     

10种杀虫剂对水稻稻飞虱的田间药效与评价

为明确10种杀虫剂对稻飞虱的田间防效及安全性,采用田间茎叶喷雾法检测防治效果,以邓肯氏新复极差法检验差异显著性。结果表明:20%异丙威乳油、50%敌敌畏乳油速效性较好,药后1 d的防效为75.61%~80.78%,与其它药剂处理差异显著;10%烯啶虫胺可溶液剂、25%吡蚜酮可湿性粉剂、20%呋虫胺可溶粒剂、50%氟啶虫胺腈水分散粒剂、50%噻虫胺水分散粒剂持效性较好,药后14 d的防效为85.37%~94.16%,与其它药剂处理差异显著。烯啶虫胺、吡蚜酮、呋虫胺、氟啶虫胺腈、噻虫胺是生产上防治稻飞虱的理想药剂。     

Isolation ofC-glycosylflavones as probing stimulant of planthoppers in rice plant

Three species of planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens,Sogatella furcifera, andLaodelphax striatellus, showed characteristic behavior of stylet probing in parenchymal tissues of plants. Feeding experiments of planthoppers on aqueous sucrose solution containing the extract of rice plants or barnyard grass revealed the presence of the stimulant for the probing behavior in the plant tissues. EightC-glycosylflavones which stimulated stylet probing were isolated from rice plants. Four of them were identified to be schaftoside, neoschaftoside, carlinoside, and neocarlinoside, the last one being a new compound isolated from the plant. The isolatedC-glycosylflavones showed the same level of the activity for the probing ofN. lugens as the rice plant extract only when all of them were combined.     

Repellency Mechanism of Natural Guar Gum-Based Film Incorporated with Citral against Brown Planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae)

Using of plant essential oil that coevolved as a defense mechanism against agriculture insects is an alternative means of controlling many insect pests. In order to repel brown planthoppers (BPHs), the most notorious rice insect pest, a new film based on guar gum incorporated with citral (GC film) was formulated, which was effective while being environmentally friendly. In this paper, the effect and mechanism of GC film repellency against BPHs were determined. Repellent activity test and olfactory reaction analysis showed that GC film had repellency effect against BPHs, with repellency of 60.00% and 73.93%, respectively. The result of olfactory reaction indicated that GC film repellency against BPHs relied on smell. EPG analysis showed the proportion and mean duration of np waveform were significantly higher than in CK and increased following the treatment concentration, which indicated that GC film affected the recognition of BPHs to rice. Further analysis by RNA sequencing analysis showed a total of 679 genes were significantly upregulated and 284 genes were significantly downregulated in the BPHs fed on the rice sprayed with GC film compared to control. Odorant-binding protein (OBP) gene 797 and gustatory receptor gene (GR)/odorant receptor (OR) gene 13110 showed a significant decrease in differential expression and significant increase in differential expression, respectively. There were 0.66 and 2.55 differential expression multiples between treated BPHs and control, respectively. According to the results described above, we reasoned that GC film repellency against BPHs due to smell, by release of citral, caused the recognition difficulties for BPHs to rice, and OBP gene 797 and GR/OR gene 13110 appeared to be the crucial candidate genes for GC film repellency against BPHs. The present study depicted a clear and consistent repellency effect for GC film against BPHs and preliminarily clarified the mechanism of GC film as a repellent against BPHs, which might offer an alternative approach for control of BPHs in the near future. Our results could also help in the development and improvement of GC films.