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通过颗粒示踪和热示踪两种方法对鼓泡循环流化床中的颗粒循环速度进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:热示踪方法和颗粒示踪方法测量鼓泡循环流化床的移动床中颗粒循环速度在一定范围内是一致的。但热示踪方法还存在一定的局限性,还需要进一步从理论和实验上完善 相似文献
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通过颗粒示踪和热示踪两种方法对鼓泡循环流化床中的颗粒循环速度进行了实验研究,实验结果表明:热示踪方法和颗粒示踪方法测量鼓泡循环流化的移动床中颗粒速度在一定范围内是一致的。但热示踪方法还存在一定的局限性,还需要进一步从理论和实验上完善。 相似文献
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高颗粒通量循环流化床的构型作用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
In order to achieve high solids circulation rate (Gs),an idea of coupling a moving bed to the bottom section of the riser of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) was proposed and tested.The results from the preliminary study demonstrated that the solids circulation rate in the new-structure bed approached 370 kg·m-2·s-1 at superficial gas velocities around 10.5 m·s-1 for sand particles with an average Sauter mean size of 378 μm.This study was devoted to further justifying the effects of the coupled moving bed by performing comparative studies in two CFBs with conventional configurations.It was shown that the pressure at the riser bottom and the realized solid circulation rate were only about 15 kPa and 230 kg·m-2·s-1 in the two conventionally configured CFBs,obviously lower than 25 kPa and 370 kg·m-2·s-1 in the moving bed coupled CFB.These verified that the coupled moving bed increased the force driving particles form the particle recycling side into the riser.The study further tested the effect of a few specially designed riser exit configurations,revealing that a smooth riser exit could facilitate solids circulation to increase the solids circulation rate. 相似文献
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在循环流态化气、固传递规律研究中,传热规律的研究非常活跃,而传质规律的研究十分薄弱。本文着重阐述了循环流化床内床层与表面间的传热规律,综合分析了操作条件、颗粒物性以及传热表面几何尺寸等因素对传热系数的影响,同时对传热机理及其模型进行了讨论。 相似文献
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颗粒的循环特性是循环流化床研究的重点及热点之一,在建立颗粒循环时,颗粒循环由非稳态向稳态过渡。本文在循环流化床实验装置中,采用摄像法和压力检测法研究了不稳定颗粒循环条件下颗粒流动结构和各段压降的变化情况。首次发现了不稳定颗粒循环状态下的颗粒振荡循环现象及其具有的两个特征:下降段、提升段气固流动结构呈周期性变化;下降段压降pd和提升段压降pr周期性波动且pd>pr和pd
r交替出现。进一步对颗粒振荡循环过程进行受力分析,建立了颗粒振荡周期的计算公式。研究还发现在颗粒藏量一定的条件下,循环气流量或颗粒循环段阀门开度大于某一临界值时才能诱发颗粒振荡循环;颗粒振荡循环周期随着循环气流量的增大而增大,与阀门开度无关。研究结果为动态颗粒循环建立过程的研究奠定了基础,有助于快速地建立颗粒的稳定循环。 相似文献
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循环流化床提升管中固体颗粒停留时间的分布 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
在内径140mm,高10m的循环流化床提升管中,采用磷光颗粒示踪法对床内固体颗粒的停留时间分布进行了测定。在气速1.5~9.0m/s,固体循环量10~140kg/m2s的范围内,实验测得的停留时间分布曲线均有明显的双峰分布。这种双峰分布是由于提升管中弥散颗粒和颗粒团共同作用的结果。本文提出的一维两组分扩散叠加模型可较好地描述提升管中固体的混合行为。考察了在实验条件下,操作条件对固体混合行为的影响。发现:气速及固含对颗粒的轴向Peclet数影响不大,提升管中颗粒的返混主要是由于颗粒团引起的。将研究结果与近期文献报道的其他研究进行了对比 相似文献
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低密度循环流化床反应器床层截面平均颗粒速度的变化规律 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文在高8m,内径186mm 的循环流化床中采用 FCC 颗粒,利用 TSI 光纤激光多普勒测速仪测定了局部颗粒速度的径向分布,并获得了床层截面平均颗粒速度。实验结果表明:截面平均颗粒速度随操作气速的增大而增大,随固体循环速率的增大而略有减小。由实验数据回归得到了计算本实验条件下低密度速度的经验关联式。论文还从基本流体力学理论出发,在考虑颗粒加速运动的条件下,建立了一维气、固两相流模型,可以用于预测床层截面平均颗粒速度和空隙率的变化规律,模型计算结果和实验数据吻合较好。 相似文献
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流化床内颗粒混合研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了流化床内颗粒混合机理,综合了床内水平方向和垂直方向上颗粒混合,将床内颗粒混合过程分成两部分:一是向上运动的尾迹相和向下运动的乳化相之间的对流交换,二是乳化相内横向扩散。建立了二维的对流扩散模型,数值结果和实验数据吻合。 相似文献
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The effect of flow direction on hydrodynamics and mixing in the upflow and downflowcirculating fluidized beds is discussed in details.Similar profiles of gas and solids velocities andsolids concentration are found in both risers and downers.When the flow is in the direction ofgravity(downer),the radial profiles of gas and particle velocity are more uniform than that inthe riser,the solids mixing is very small and the flow pattern approaches plug flow,while theflow is against gravity(riser),the solids backmixing significantly increase and the flow pattern isfar from plug flow.Among many of factors the flow direction has the largest influence onhydrodynamics and axial mixing of gas and solids. 相似文献
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The vibration-induced reduction in internal mobility of a fluidized bed, which was reported in a recent paper (Beeckmans and MacWilliam, 1986), has been confirmed using a larger bed. It has now been found that above a particular fluidization velocity internal mobility is not affected by vibrations. Distributor grid geometry was found to have a small effect on the fluidizing gas velocity at which bubbles are first observed at the surface of the bed, but it had an insignificant effect on solids mixing rates. The extent of segregation at steady state was reduced by vibrations with both flotsam and jetsam tracer particles. 相似文献
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Based on measurements in a circulating fluidized test unit with a riser of 0.4 m i.d., a two-dimensional two-phase model for gas mixing has been developed. Radial gas dispersion and gas backmixing caused by dense clusters falling countercurrently to the main flow of a lean gas/solid suspension are considered. The model has successfully been compared with experimental data over a wide range of operating conditions. The model accounts for the main mixing phenomena and may be applied to calculations of chemical reactions in CFB risers. 相似文献
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密相输送床气化和双流化床气化是基于循环型流化床反应器发展起来的两种新型煤和生物质气化技术,根据这两种技术对流动的要求,提出了在循环流化床的下行床底部耦合一段移动床,为输送床内的流动提供足够高的驱动压力而提高颗粒循环量的技术思想。在根据该思想而建立的直径90 mm的输送床实验装置上的实验研究表明,利用所提出的床型构造可在表观气速9.6 m8226;s-1下实现400 kg8226;m-28226;s-1的颗粒循环量。输送床的一次风速和移动床松动风速是影响颗粒循环量和输送床内颗粒浓度的主要因素,但循环量随输送床一次风速的增大而增加的走势弱于普通循环流化床。移动床松动风速在小于颗粒最小流化速度的范围内轻微变动即可显著改变颗粒循环量和输送床内颗粒浓度。在保持输送床总气速不变的前提下,通过二次风可在40%的比例范围内调节颗粒循环量,且调节作用随二次风位置的增高而减弱。 相似文献
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The effect of bed temperature in the annulus region on gas bypassing from annulus to riser and solids circulation rate has been determined in an internally circulating fluidized bed. The bed voidage in the annulus region increases with increasing temperature. The average fractions of gas bypassing of annulus gas are 59.4% and 87% at room temperature and high temperature (400°C to 800°C), respectively. Solids circulation rate increases with increasing annulus gas velocity, but is nearly independent of riser velocity. Solids circulation rate increases with increasing temperature. 相似文献
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流化床密相区颗粒扩散系数的CFD数值预测 总被引:4,自引:3,他引:1
应用离散颗粒模型直观获得颗粒运动情况,并从单个颗粒和气泡作用的角度分析颗粒运动和混合,证实气泡在床层中上升、在床层表面爆破以及气泡上升引起的乳化相下沉运动对颗粒混合起关键作用。应用基于颗粒动理学的双流体模型系统地对床宽分别为0.2、0.4、0.8 m的二维流化床在鼓泡区和湍动区的气固两相流动行为进行数值模拟。受离散颗粒模型启发,在双流体模型计算结果基础上,引入理想示踪粒子技术计算床内平均颗粒扩散系数。计算结果表明,颗粒横向扩散系数(Dx)总体上随流化风速增大而增大,但受床体尺寸影响较大;颗粒轴向扩散系数随流化风速增大而增大,受床体尺寸影响较弱。文献报道的密相区颗粒横向扩散系数分布在10-4~10-1 m2·s-1数量级。本文提出的计算方法在数量级上与文献实验结果吻合,表明在大尺寸流化床且高流化风速下,颗粒横向扩散系数远大于小尺寸鼓泡流化床,为不同研究者实验结果的分歧提供了理论依据,也为预测大型流化床内颗粒扩散速率提供了放大策略。 相似文献
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The local instantaneous and time‐average suspension densities were determined in a 76 mm diameter by 3 m tall liquid‐solids circulating fluidized bed riser using a fibre‐optic probe. Attempts were made to qualify the microflow structure through statistical analysis of the local bed voidage fluctuations obtained under different operating conditions for the first time. The results show that local microflow structure is uniform in the axial direction but non‐uniform in the radial direction with more flow fluctuation near the wall than in the core of the column for a given axial position. The standard deviation and intermittency index tend to increase with increasing solids circulating rates. Comparing with the gas—solids CFB, the liquid—solids CFB shows much more homogeneous flow structure in both the axial and radial microscopic flow behaviours. The microflow behaviours in the conventional liquid—solids fluidization, liquid—solids circulating fluidization and dilute‐phase liquid transport regimes are also characterized by examining the probability distribution and the intermittency index of the solids holdup. 相似文献