双变流器串-并联补偿式UPS控制策略研究

介绍了三相双变流器串—并联补偿式UPS的工作原理，指出了其区别于传统双变换在线式UPS的优点，提出了一种基于同步旋转坐标系下的控制策略。该策略将串联变流器控制为基波正弦电流源，而并联变流器被控为基波正弦电压源，从而实现了双变流器串一并联补偿式UPS的全部控制功能：在电源电压不是额定值且含有谐波电压、负载有谐波电流和无功电流的情况下，电源输入电流被控制为正弦波、COSφ=1，负载电压被控制为额定值正弦波。连续域下的系统特性仿真结果表明该控制策略的可行性。     

双变流器串、并联补偿式UPS

本文分析了三相双变流器串－并联补偿式UPS的工作原理、数学模型和基于同步旋转坐标系下的控制策略。提出的控制策略可以实现双变流器串－并联补偿式UPS全部控制功能：在电源电压不是额定值且含有谐波电压、负载有谐波电流和无功电流的情况下，电源输入电流被控制为正弦波、 ，负载电压被控制为额定值正弦波。     

三相电压波形校正智能控制有源滤波器

为了使电网电压尽可能接近正弦波形,提出了一种通过校正网侧电压波形来减小电网中的谐波电流的智能控制有源滤波技术.智能芯片检测电网电压波形,再与标准正弦电压波形比较求得误差电压,该误差电压中含有电网中谐波电流的波形信息.用这个误差电压形成PWM整流器的指示电流,有源滤波器在智能芯片的控制下从电网吸收谐波电流并向电网输出基波...     

统一电能质量控制器控制策略研究

该文讨论了一种统一电能质量控制器，分析了其内部的有功功率平衡。在这个基础上提出了一种基于两相同步旋转d-q坐标系的控制方案。在这种控制方案中串联电力有源滤波器被控为电流源使得输入电流为正弦，而并联电力有源滤波器被控为电压源使得负载端为标准正弦电压。最后利用仿真和实验验证了在UPQC中采用这种控制方式的有效性。     

Control strategies for harmonic mitigation and power factor correction using shunt active filter under various source voltage conditions

This paper gives a new insight into the concept of load compensation using shunt active filter (SAF) under ideal and non-ideal source voltage conditions. A novel approach based on an improved instantaneous active and reactive current component method is proposed. The performance of the proposed control strategy has been compared with instantaneous reactive power theory, symmetrical component theory and dq theory. SAF has been realized by three-phase voltage source converter. Reference currents generated by control strategies has been tracked by a SAF in a hysteresis band control scheme. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of reactive power compensation, reduction in magnitude of source currents, compensator currents, and harmonic compensation as per IEEE-519 standard. To ascertain the viability of the proposed control algorithm, the performance is evaluated under different source voltage conditions with the IEEE Standard-1459 power definitions. Variation in magnitude as well as harmonic content of source voltage has been considered. Under balanced sinusoidal source voltage condition, all control strategies congregate to similar results. Under unbalanced sinusoidal source voltage condition, dq theory and proposed theory have shown similar performance. However, under distorted source voltage conditions, an improved instantaneous active and reactive current component theory presents superior performance. A three-phase, three-wire distribution system supplying non-linear load is considered for simulation study. Simulation results from a complete model of SAF are presented to validate and compare the control strategies.     

神经网络控制的三相并联有源电力滤波器设计

针对现有各种谐波检测方法的不足,在分析了滤波器的工作原理和传统的神经网络控制算法之后,提出了一种新的神经网络控制算法,设计了一种应用于电力系统中补偿无功和抑制谐波的三相并联有源电力滤波器(APF),该滤波器由一个三相PWM电压源逆变器及其控制电路组成。将负载电流、直流侧电容电压与系统电压输入改进的神经网络,计算出并联有源电力滤波器的参考电流,参考电流输入滞环电流控制器获得逆变器的触发脉冲,从而得到补偿电流。通过Matlab仿真表明,由改进的神经网络控制的滤波器,在负载变化及其电流变化情况下都有良好的性能。同时,通过数字信号处理器实现的系统实验验证了该方案的正确性。     

Active power flow control in a distribution system using discontinuous voltage controller

This paper proposes a hybrid discontinuous control methodology for a voltage source converter (VSC), which is used in an uninterrupted power supply (UPS) application. The UPS controls the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC). An LC filter is connected at the output of the VSC to bypass switching harmonics. With the help of both filter inductor current and filter capacitor voltage control, the voltage across the filter capacitor is controlled. Based on the voltage error, the control is switched between current and voltage control modes. In this scheme, an extra diode state is used that makes the VSC output current discontinuous. This diode state reduces the switching losses. The UPS controls the active power it supplies to a three-phase, four-wire distribution system. This gives a full flexibility to the grid to buy power from the UPS system depending on its cost and load requirement at any given time. The scheme is validated through simulation using PSCAD.     

Load compensation using DSTATCOM in three-phase,three-wire distribution system under various source voltage and delta connected load conditions

This paper deals with a Distribution STATic COMpensator (DSTATCOM) for balancing of source currents, power factor correction and harmonic mitigation in three-phase, three-wire distribution system supplying delta connected load under various source voltage conditions. The control strategy applied to the DSTATCOM play a major role in its performance. A novel approach based on an improved instantaneous active and reactive current component (IARCC) theory is proposed for generation of three-phase reference currents for DSTATCOM. A three-phase voltage source converter with a dc bus capacitor is employed as DSTACOM which will track the reference currents in a hysteresis band scheme. The performance of DSTATCOM is evaluated under sinusoidal, unbalanced sinusoidal and unbalanced distorted source voltage conditions. Variation in load current, variation in magnitude and harmonic content in source voltage has been considered. Delta connected linear as well as non-linear load conditions have been considered. The performance of the DSTATCOM using the proposed control strategy is demonstrated using simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of proposed scheme for the control of DSTACOM.     

一种新颖的统一电能质量控制器控制策略

本文详细分析了统一电能质量控制器的工作原理、数学模型及在两相同步旋转坐标系(SRF)中的控制系统。通过采用所提出的控制策略 UPQC 可以在电网电压有谐波、输出带非线性负载的情况下实现功率因数为1的正弦电流输入、负载端电压为与电网电压同相的额定正弦电压。     

Control topology options for single-phase UPS inverters

Four control topologies for single-phase uninterruptible power system (UPS) inverters are presented and compared, with the common objective of providing a dynamically stiff, low total harmonic distortion (THD), sinusoidal output voltage. Full-state feedback, full-state command controllers are shown, utilizing both filter inductor current and filter capacitor current feedback to augment output voltage control. All controllers presented include output voltage decoupling in a manner analogous to “back EMF” decoupling in DC motor drives. Disturbance input decoupling of the load current and its derivative is presented. An observer-based controller is additionally considered and is shown to be a technically viable, economically attractive option. The accuracy transfer function of the observer estimate is used to evaluate its measurement performance. Comparative disturbance rejection is evaluated by overlaying the dynamic stiffness (inverse of output impedance) frequency response of each controller on a single plot. Experimental results for one controller are presented     

一种实用的谐波分频检测方法

针对基于瞬时功率理论的ip-iq算法无法单独提取各次谐波分量等情况,提出了一种改进的ip-iq谐波分频检测方法。利用改进的ip-iq法能直接对a-b-c三相坐标系下的单相电流进行分解,获得单相电流的有功电流和无功电流,通过低通滤波器后获得基波或者各次谐波的有功电流分量和无功电流分量,再直接转换为a-b-c三相坐标系下的基波电流和各次谐波电流,省去了三相至两相坐标变换及其逆变换,因此计算量更少。仿真分析结果表明该法能较好的实时检测三相电网基波和各次谐波分量。     

基于单周控制的三相直流侧串联型有源电力滤波器

针对大量使用的三相不可控整流桥,提出了一种新型的基于单周控制的三相直流侧串联型有源电力滤波器,该滤波器串联在整流桥和谐波源负载之间,只需要工作在电压电流2个象限,仅处理部分功率,不需要进行复杂的谐波检测计算,通过简单的控制即可实现对谐波电压和无功的同时补偿。文中详细分析了该滤波器的工作原理,通过理论推导,建立了单周控制实现方程。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该单周控制的三相直流侧串联型有源电力滤波器谐波电流跟踪效果好、动态性能优良,能有效补偿整流桥非线性谐波源。     

矩阵整流器功率特性研究

首先利用电路dq转换技术,基于电流空间相量算法推导了一种三相AC-DC MC,即矩阵整流器系统的完整dq变换模型,在此基础上进行了较为系统和全面的性能分析,包括功率特性分析,如电压利用率、输出电压极性、输入功率因数、有功功率、无功功率以及视在功率等性能指标,并绘制成图加以比较分析,便于对该变换器性能的认识.分析认为,该变换器是一种柔性的四象限三相AC-DC变换器,其特征为:①输出直流电压在负的最大值到正的最大值之间连续可调,最大值为输入相电压幅值的1.5倍,并依赖于输入电流位移和负载电阻;②功率开关电路部分等效成一个理想的变压器,能够调压和调流,同时能够进行前后级阻抗变换;③输入端有功功率、无功功率和输入功率因数都与输入电流调制度、输入滤波器参数、输入电流位移和负载电阻大小有关;④无功功率的调节能力依赖于有功功率的调节.还分析了单位输入功率因数的运行条件,划分了矩阵整流器四象限工作制及功率特性.     

基于改进保守功率理论的单周控制有源滤波器的研究

文中提出了一种改进的保守功率理论的电流检测方法,其可以有效地分解出基波有功电流,消除了电压中谐波的影响。将此电流检测方法运用于单周控制的三相三线制有源电力滤波器系统中,搭建的系统仿真及实验结果验证了此方案的正确性,能消除谐波影响并能够对非线性负载产生的谐波电流进行有效的谐波抑制和无功补偿。     

Indirect current control of active filter for harmonic elimination with novel observer-based noise reduction scheme

Active power filters have been developed recently to solve the harmonics disturbance problems on power system networks. The direct current control scheme is generally used to control the harmonic compensating current directly for current source active power filters. To improve the characteristics of harmonic elimination, the voltage regulation scheme is proposed which regulates the filter capacitor voltage at the input side. Hence the voltage regulation scheme is an indirect current control technique for making sinusoidal line current. To implement this proposed scheme, the electronic differentiator should be used. By using the conventional differentiator, high frequency noise is generated in the controller. This deteriorates both the accuracy and reliability of the controller. To reduce this noise, a novel observer-based noise reduction scheme is proposed for our active filter system. The observer-based algorithm and characteristics of indirect current-controlled active filters are investigated through simulations and experiments.     

一种电压源型有源电力滤波器的新型控制方法

研究了电压源型有源电力滤波器、电源及非线性负载三者之间的能量交换机理,分析了变流器直流侧电容电压的稳定问题,提出了维持直流侧电容电压稳定的新方法。在此基础上提出了一种电压源型有源电力滤波器的新型控制方法,详细推导了控制方程。该方法无需检测三相负载电流和三相输入电压,无需计算参考电流、无功电流和谐波电流;只需检测两相电源电流和直流侧电容电压,通过简单运算就可直接求出每个开关周期内各开关的占空比,实现滤波器的控制。仿真研究结果表明新型控制方法能有效补偿谐波电流和无功电流,抑制负载不对称。     

Grid Voltage Sensorless Single-Phase Half-Bridge Active Filter and DC Bus Voltage Regulation

In this paper, a method is presented for the control of grid voltage sensorless single-phase half-bridge shunt active power filter to reduce the grid current harmonics of low-power single-phase non-linear loads. The proposed system forces the grid current to be sinusoidal without sensing and processing the grid voltage on the line. For this reason, instead of grid voltage the load current is processed by using self-tuning filter to generate reference grid current to eliminate current harmonic distortions. In order to design a low-cost system, a half-bridge voltage source converter is used to reduce driver circuits. In addition, the switching losses are also reduced by employing half-bridge voltage source converter, where only two switches are used. The imbalance voltages are also successfully eliminated on the DC-side capacitors. The performance of the proposed system is verified by using a real-time platform, and experimental results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system in this study.     

航空400Hz三相高功率因数PWM整流器的零静差矢量控制

提出并采用一种基于矢量控制的零静差控制方案来实现对航空400Hz三相PWM整流器的有效控制。传统的直接电流比较控制由于电流的参考信号是交流正弦波,因而存在着交流输入电流基波与输入电压有相位误差的问题。本文提出的零静差矢量控制技术,利用dq旋转坐标变换将电流参考信号设定为直流,使系统在整个输出负载范围内,交流输入电流基波相位与输入电压相位始终保持同相位、零误差,从而获得高功率因数值。在对控制方案详细分析后,采用Saber软件进行仿真验证,最后在一台航空400Hz三相PWM整流器原理样机上进行实验验证。实验表明交流输入电流基波相位完全跟踪输入电压相位,达到了较好的实际效果。     

Overload prevention

This work presents a series active filter system for three-phase, four-wire distribution systems to alleviate the overloading of the neutral conductor. The active filter system employs a voltage sources inverter connected in series with a neutral conductor to suppress the excessive current harmonics. Theoretical analysis shows that series active filter system are more suitable than shunt active filter systems because most of the nonlinear load at low voltage levels are categorized as harmonic voltage source type. Laboratory test results show that the proposed system achieves desired filtering function.     

Theory and application of distribution electronic power transformer

Three-phase and 4-wire Distribution Electronic Power Transformer's (DEPT's) operation principle is analyzed in this paper. Based on the analysis, the control scheme is established. In this control scheme, the input stage is controlled as a three-phase balanced current source and makes the primary current sinusoidal and power factor easily adjusted. While the output stage is controlled as a three-phase balanced voltage source and keep the load voltage sinusoidal and nominal. In order to meet the requirement of the single phase or unbalanced loads, each phase is an independent voltage source. With the proposed control strategy, the characteristics of DEPT are studied by simulations. And further detailed simulations are carried out to validate the power quality control function of DEPT. The results show that DEPT has very good static and dynamic performances, and it can not only realize the functions of conventional power transformer, but also can prevent from voltage sags, swells, flickers and harmonics infecting the loads while avoid loads impacting the primary system.