自蔓延高温合成技术的发展与应用

自蔓延高温合成技术是20世纪后期诞生的一门新兴的前沿科学，在粉体合成及陶瓷涂层内衬的制备等方面充分显示其优越性。本文对自蔓延高温合成技术的概念、国内外基本情况进行了阐述，同时简要介绍了自蔓延高温合成的燃烧理论．对利用自蔓延合成技术进行粉体合成及陶瓷内衬钢管的应用研究等作了较为详尽的说明。     

自蔓延高温合成技术及其制备新材料的研究

介绍了自蔓延高温合成技术的发展和国内外研究的概况,分析了SHS技术研究与发展的几个重要方向,介绍了SHS研究的最新动向。对中国学者在此领域的工作所取得的成果给予了介绍和评价。     

自蔓延高温合成耐火材料

介绍了自蔓延法 (SHS)制备耐火材料的原理 ,并对SHS制备耐火材料的影响因素、应用现状和发展前景以及存在的问题进行了系统的论述     

TiB2的自蔓延高温合成过程研究

研究了原料组成、稀释剂含量和颗粒尺寸、性质等对ＴｉＢ２的自蔓延高温合成过程的影响。随着原料颗粒尺寸的增大，燃烧温度和燃烧波速度都减小；随着稀释剂含量的增加，燃烧温度、燃烧波速度和合成样品孔隙率都呈递减趋势，最终出现不稳定燃烧波，在垂直蔓延波方向形成穿透样品的片状裂纹，以燃烧温度３０５０Ｋ为分界点，在高燃烧温度区和低燃烧温度区里，过程激活能分别为１４０ｋｊ／ｍｏｌ和３５５ＫＪ／ｍｏｎ，预示着不同的反     

自蔓延高温合成陶瓷材料

本文系统地阐述了自蔓延温合成（ＳＨＳ）陶瓷材料的概念,从动力学、热力学、以及燃烧学角度讨论了ＳＨＳ法的理论与应用。     

自蔓延高温合成法在陶瓷领域应用的发展

前言 自蔓延高温合成技术（Self—propagating High-temperatuer Synthesis）即SHS，它是许多金属和非金属难熔化合物在燃烧合成时依靠自身放热，来合成材料的技术。某些物质在合成时自身可以放热并利用此热量可以使合成反应继续下去的这种现象在19世纪中、后期被一些科学工作者发现，经过一个多世纪的努力，直到20世纪的五、六十年代人们才开始使其在受控的状态下和冶金机械等技术结合起来，发展成为具有普遍意义的制备材料新技术并应用于工业生产。     

自蔓延高温合成TaC粉末

以废钽粉为原料,通过自蔓延高温合成技术制备ＴａＣ粉末,阐明了稀释剂加入量、压制压力等因素对燃烧波蔓延速率的影响,得到了合格的ＴａＣ粉末。     

自蔓延高温合成TaC粉末

以废钽粉为原料,通过自蔓延高温合成技术制备ＴａＣ粉末,阐明了稀释剂加入量,压制压力等因素地燃烧波等蔓延速率的影响,得到了合格的ＴｅＣ粉末。     

合成无机颜料的新技术--自蔓延高温合成

利用自蔓延高温合成技术合成无机颜料是制备颜料的一种新技术,优于传统的固相烧结法,是一项具有发展前途的技术.     

Synthesis, Sintering, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of Ceramics Made by Exothermic Reactions

Al₂O₃-TiC, Al₂O₃-TiC_0.5N_0.5, Al₂O₃-WC, Al₂O₃-SiC, and Al₂O₃-HfB₂ powders were synthesized by the aluminothermic reduction of oxides in the presence of carbon or boron. The reacted powders were milled to reduce the size of agglomerates and subsequently densified without applied pressure to near-theoretical density. Microstructures and mechanical properties of composites made from exothermically reacted powders were compared with similar ceramics made from commercially available powders. In situ sintering was possible in the Al₂O₃-TiC system using a closed graphite crucible to contain reaction gases. The synthesis of β -SiC at temperatures above 1400°C via the direct reaction of the elements (SHS) was compared with SiC made by the magnesiothermic reduction of SiO₂ in the presence of C after removing the MgO by leaching.     

ZrO2纤维模板自蔓延高温合成ZrB2/Al2O3复合粉

ZrB2纤维或含ZrB2纤维复合粉的制备对于发展纤维增强超高温结构陶瓷基复合材料具有重要的意义.以ZrO2纤维、B2O3和Al粉为原料,通过自蔓延高温合成法制备了含ZrB2纤维的ZrB2/Al2O3复合粉.通过X射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜、X射线能谱,对产物的相组成、微观形貌及化学组成进行了分析表征,用差示扫描量热-热重分析研究了原料混合粉在加热过程中的反应过程.研究了氩气压力对燃烧合成产物的物相组成及ZrB2纤维结构的影响,重点分析了产物中ZrB2的存在状态.结果表明:氩气压力为1.5 MPa下,产物相组成为ZrB2和Al2O3.部分ZrB2以ZrO2纤维为模板形成ZrB2纤维;部分ZrB2以颗粒形式分散在ZrB2/Al2O3复合粉中.生成的ZrB2纤维,表面粗糙,结构较为完整,直径约为10 μm.     

Effect of Fe and Cr Addition on the Sintering Behavior of ZrB2 Produced by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis

An investigation of the sintering behavior of ZrB₂ powder with Fe and Cr (0 to 20 wt%) addition was conducted. It was observed that Fe addition helps to enhance the density of ZrB₂ only up to 10 wt%. Further addition of Fe degrades the sintering by segregation of Fe-rich phases. Formation of a eutectic phase containing a Fe:Zr ratio of 92.57:7.43 was also found in Fe-added samples. The addition of Cr to a ZrB₂ matrix was found to result in swelling of the samples, leading to several cracks.     

Synthesis of Ternary Titanium Aluminum Carbides Using Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis Technique

Different ternary carbide phases, namely Ti₃AlC₂, Ti₃AlC, and Ti₂AlC, were successfully synthesized in a self-sustaining regime. Direct reactions among elemental powders of titanium, aluminum, and carbon are strongly exothermic, and the resulting reaction products consist of binary carbides and they are partially molten. The use of TiAl, instead of elemental titanium and aluminum, significantly reduces the combustion temperature. As a result, ternary titanium aluminum carbide phases are formed. In addition, the combustion-synthesized products are not sintered and easy to deagglomerate. Reaction conditions and X-ray diffraction patterns of different ternary phases formed in a self-sustaining regime are presented.     

Zirconia-Based Metastable Solid Solutions through Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis: Synthesis, Characterization, and Mechanistic Investigations

Cubic Zr_{1− x} Me _x O _y (Me = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) metastable solid solutions with metal content significantly higher than equilibrium levels have been synthesized by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis method based on a thermite reaction between metallic zirconium and the transition-metal oxides CoO, Fe₂O₃, CuO, and NiO. Through in situ XRD analysis, it was determined that when heated to 1100°C, the cubic solid solution transformed to the tetragonal phase with the concomitant formation of iron oxide. When cooled to lower temperatures, the tetragonal phase transformed to the monoclinic phase at or below 500°C. Results of auxiliary experiments strongly suggest that the formation of the solid solution takes place behind the combustion front by a reaction between zirconia and the metal.     

添加剂对SHS陶瓷内衬复合钢管性能影响的研究进展

概述了离心、重力分离自蔓延高温合成技术(SHS)的基本原理,总结了SHS技术中添加剂的分类及作用,从陶瓷层裂纹、致密度、耐腐蚀性及复合钢管结合强度四个方面论述了添加剂对复合钢管性能的影响,并对其发展前景进行了展望.     

Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis of α-SiAlON Doped by RE (RE=Eu,Pr,Ce) and Codoped by RE and Yttrium

Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was applied to synthesize α-SiAlON powders doped by RE (RE = Eu,Pr,Ce) and codoped by RE and yttrium. The results showed that the weight ratio of α-SiAlON to (α-SiAlON +β-SiAlON) decreased from 70%, 55%, and 25% for europium-, praseodymium-, and cerium-doped α-SiAlON compositions, respectively, and the weight percentage of α-SiAlON phase increased to 100% for both (Eu,Y) and (Pr,Y) systems and 94% for the (Ce,Y) system, indicating SHS is a promising approach for synthesizing α-SiAlONs stabilized by the cations that could not be incorporated into the α-SiAlON structure by conventional sintering methods.     

Effect of Heating Rates on the Synthesis of Al2O3–SiC Composites by the Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis (SHS) Technique

Various aspects of in situ formation of Al₂O₃–SiC composites by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) technique have been investigated using thermal analyses (TG/DTA) of a powder mixture (4Al, 3SiO₂, 3C) and pellets in an argon atmosphere at different heating rates. Both the reaction initiation and peak temperatures are found to increase with the heating rates. At lower heating rates, the powder samples do not reveal any exothermic peak possibly because of poor reactivity and sluggish exothermic reaction. The appearance of exothermic peaks in the DTA plots after melting of aluminum indicates reduction of silica by liquid aluminum. Conversion of aluminum is found to decrease marginally with an increase in heating rates. The apparent activation energy of the process compares well with the interdiffusion activation energy of silicon and oxygen, indicating that oxygen diffusion in Si formed at the reaction front may be the rate-controlling factor for this SHS process. From SEM studies it appears that the formation of SiC whiskers is through liquid-phase mass transfer.     

Hot Isostatic Pressing of Chromium Nitrides (Cr2N and CrN) Prepared by Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis

Cr₂N, CrN, and their mixtures (with desired fractions) have been prepared via self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) under a controlled nitrogen pressure, followed by hot isostatic pressing at 1300°C and 196 MPa under an atmosphere of argon gas. The combustion temperature increased as the nitrogen pressure increased. Single-phase Cr₂N was formed at 1040°C under a pressure of 0.18 MPa, and single-phase CrN was formed at 1730°C under a pressure of 2 MPa. The mechanical properties of the dense nitride ceramics (99.2% of the theoretical density) have been examined; the Vickers hardness (11.2 GPa for CrN and 14.5 GPa for Cr₂N) increased linearly as the fraction of Cr₂N increased, whereas the fracture toughness (∼4.7 MPa·m^1/2) and bending strength (∼355 MPa) are constant, regardless of the fraction of Cr₂N/CrN.