轧制工艺对AZ31B镁合金薄板组织与性能的影响

研究了轧制温度和轧制速度对AZ31B镁合金薄板微观组织演变和力学性能的影响。结果表明,轧辊加热有利于镁合金薄板成型;AZ31B镁合金在低温或低速轧制时薄板纵向组织为大量的切变带,切变带区域包含大量孪晶组织,横向组织为含极少量孪晶的等轴晶组织;在轧制温度为400℃和轧制速度为16m/min轧制时,由于动态再结晶,横纵截面组织均为等轴晶。AZ31镁合金薄板的最佳轧制制度为轧辊温度为70℃、轧制温度为400℃、轧制速度为6m/min,此工艺轧制的薄板横向抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为350MPa、300MPa和12%,纵向为345MPa、290MPa和11.2%,纵向与横向性能差别明显减小。     

离心压力对AZ31镁合金的组织和力学性能的影响

通过XRD、压缩试验等方法研究了不同离心压力对AZ31镁合金组织演变和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着离心压力的增大,离心铸造AZ31镁合金的晶粒明显细化,平衡凝固的共晶转变被抑制,第二相β-Mg17Al12析出量减少,由粗大的“骨骼”状分布转变成弥散分布在晶界,形成以过饱和初生相ɑ-Mg为主相的凝固组织。XRD分析表明,离心压力的增大引起X射线衍射峰向高角度方向偏移,α-Mg的晶格常数减小。随着离心压力的增大,合金力学性能得到明显改善,抗压强度从199 MPa提高到256 MPa,而伸长率变化不明显。     

Effect of rolling process on microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ31B alloy sheets

AZ31B magnesium extruded slabs prepared from LFEC were rolled at fairly lower temperature at 3, 6 and 16 m/min rolling speeds into 1 mm thickness. The results indicate that the microstructures achieved by rolling at low temperature or at low rolling speed are composed of many prismatic regions divided by shear strips due to pile-up of twin crystals; the prismatic regions increase at elevated rolling temperature or at high rolling speed, and finally all are composed of equiaxed crystals without twin crystals due to dynamic recrystallization. After optimizing control of rolling process, excellent mechanical properties would be acquired. The mechanical properties ofAZ31B sheet are ab=350 MPa, cr0.2=300 MPa, and 3=12.0% when rolled at 6 m/min. At the same time, the difference of mechanical properties between transverse and longitudinal direction reduced markedly.     

电脉冲对轧制AZ31镁合金组织与性能的影响

研究了电脉冲处理(EPT)对轧制变形AZ31镁合金组织演化与力学性能的影响。使用脉冲电源产生的高电流密度低占空比电脉冲促进了变形AZ31镁合金内部的再结晶进程。通过对不同参数脉冲处理的对比分析,研究了电脉冲的热效应与非热效应的作用,揭示了电脉冲促进再结晶的作用机理。结果表明:AZ31镁合金经过脉宽为20ms、电流密度3.508×109A/m~2、占空比为0.002的电脉冲处理5.5 min后,在电脉冲的非热作用下发生再结晶,平均晶粒尺寸由72mm减小至2mm,抗拉强度提升85%,达到295 MPa,延伸率达到20%。     

深冷处理对AZ31镁合金焊接接头组织与性能的影响

针对镁合金焊接接头的软化问题,采用不同深冷时间对AZ31镁合金MIG焊接接头进行了深冷处理,并测试与分析了不同深冷时间下焊接接头的力学性能和显微组织。结果表明,深冷处理可显著强化AZ31镁合金焊接接头,其中经过(-196℃,12 h)深冷处理后的焊接接头,硬度提高了8.3%,抗拉强度与伸长率分别提高了15.43%和10.16%;随着深冷时间的延长,焊接接头的组织进一步细化,并有第二相在基体上不断析出,且呈弥散分布。     

挤压速度和电磁铸造锭坯对AZ31镁合金板材组织和性能影响

文章研究挤压条件下挤压速度和电磁铸造锭坯对挤压态AZ31镁合金板材组织和性能的影响。研究结果发现,挤压速度比较低时,板材晶粒尺寸小,板材的表面质量比较好;随着挤压速度的降低,抗拉强度、屈服强度和延伸率都有一定的提高。由于镁合金是HCP的晶体结构,同时对挤压速度非常敏感,对变形均匀性影响比较大,因此造成挤压板材的内外晶粒大小不均。在电磁场的作用下,溶质在晶内的固溶度增大,同时晶粒大小也比常规铸造的细小,因此电磁铸造的锭坯经挤压机挤压后,挤压板材的晶粒尺寸比较细小,且强度和塑性都有所提高。     

Effects of Er on the microstructure and properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy prepared via the EMS process

The effects of small amounts of the rare-earth element erbium on the microstructure and the mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy via the electromagnetic stirring(EMS) process have been studied.It has been shown that AZ31-Er alloys are mainly composed of α-Mg solid solution and β-Mg17Al12 phases.When the Er content reaches 0.12 wt.%,the characteristic peaks of Al2Er can be observed.The micro-structure is obviously refined and the tensile strength of the AZ31-based alloy at ambient temperature is significantly improved by contents of 0.03 wt.% Er,especially the elongation(δ=19%).More addition of Er obviously decreases the tensile strength and elongation of the AZ31-based alloy because of the grain coarsening and the reduction of β-Mg17Al12 phases.     

挤压比对AZ31镁合金组织结构的影响

试验研究了挤压比对AZ31镁合金组织结构的影响.结果表明,258℃挤压变形镁合金在形变初期容易出现孪晶,再结晶晶粒一般出现在晶界和孪晶附近.挤压比小时动态再结晶晶粒平均尺寸为2 μm,动态结晶细化了晶粒.随着挤压比增大,晶粒尺寸减小,组织趋于均匀.挤压比达到16时,动态再结晶基本完成.挤压比为25时,能得到晶粒细小且均匀的组织,平均晶粒尺寸为7.3 μm.     

Effect of extrusion processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded AZ31 sheets

The AZ31 sheets were prepared by extrusion.The effects of the extrusion processing parameters including the temperature extrusion ratio,and structure of the extrusion die on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the as-extruded AZ31 sheets were investigated.The results show that the partial grains grow abnormally.and the mechanical and anisotropic properties of the as-extruded AZ31 sheets have little change at the extrusion temperatures of 380-400℃and the extrusion ratio of 13.3.With the increa...     

脉冲电流轧制对AZ31镁合金微观组织与力学性能的影响

对比研究脉冲电流轧制工艺与温轧工艺对AZ31镁合金板材的力学性能、织构、微观组织与沉淀相等方面的影响。结果表明：脉冲电流具有促进冷轧AZ31镁合金低温再结晶能力的作用。脉冲电流轧制后的镁合金板材组织由细小的等轴再结晶粒与析出相构成,没有发现孪晶组织,并且完全再结晶,原始晶粒均被细小的再结晶晶粒取代,再结晶晶粒内的位错密度低。而温轧镁合金组织则由稍拉长变形孪晶、粗大的再结晶晶粒和析出相构成,再结晶的晶粒内位错密度高。两种轧制方式下的镁合金析出相均为Mg17Al12。脉冲电流轧制后镁合金的织构具有典型基面织构的特征,而脉冲电流轧制镁合金的织构则出现横向偏转;脉冲电流轧制后镁合金的屈服强度与伸长率均比温轧镁合金的大,但抗拉强度正好相反。     

Influence of rolling route on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy during asymmetric reduction rolling

Four different routes of asymmetric reduction rolling were conducted on AZ31 magnesium alloy to investigate their effect on the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties. Route A is the forward rolling; while during routes B and C the sheets are rotated 180° in rolling direction and normal direction, respectively; route D is the unidirectional rolling. The strain states of rolled sheets were analyzed by the finite element method, while the microstructure and texture were observed using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron back-scattered diffraction techniques, and the mechanical properties were measured by tensile test. The results show that route D produced the largest effective strain. Compared with other samples, sample D exhibited a homogeneous microstructure with fine grains as well as a weak and tilted texture, in corresponding, it performed excellent tensile properties, which suggested that route D was an effective way to enhance the strength and plasticity of AZ31 sheet.     

AZ31镁合金的织构对其力学性能的影响

利用电子背散射衍射(EBSD)取向成像技术,分析AZ31镁合金热挤压棒材和轧制薄板的织构特点;对具有不同初始织构的镁合金棒材和薄板进行力学性能分析,并从织构角度分析棒材的拉压不对称性和薄板的力学各向异性。结果表明:挤压镁合金棒材具有主要以(0001)基面平行于挤压方向的基面纤维织构,存在严重的拉压不对称性,其原因在于压缩时的主要变形方式为{1012}1011孪生;热轧镁合金薄板具有主要以(0001)基面平行于轧面的强板织构,具有显著的力学性能各向异性,其原因在于拉伸时不同方向的基面滑移Schmid因子不同。     

Mg2Si强化相对AZ31镁合金挤压组织与力学性能的影响

通过Al-Si中间合金取代Al添加,并经热挤压成形,在AZ31镁合金中引入Mg₂Si强化相。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、电子万能试验机等研究了Mg₂Si强化相对AZ31镁合金挤压组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明,添加Al-Si中间合金后的Mg-3(Al-Si)-Zn挤压组织呈现明显的双峰分布特征,Mg₂Si颗粒相可通过粒子激发形核(PSN)作用促进动态再结晶,在碎化的Mg₂Si颗粒相周围,合金组织显著细化,形成明显异于其他正常尺寸晶粒的细晶区。引入Mg₂Si强化相后,Mg-3(Al-Si)-Zn挤压态合金的屈服强度和抗拉强度都得到提高,分别达到175和269 MPa,同时伸长率略有降低。     

退火工艺对AZ31B温轧薄板组织和性能的影响

分析不同的退火时间对AZ31B镁合金温轧薄板的组织和性能的影响。通过试验和分析发现:镁合金温轧薄板在退火温度为573 K、退火时间为60 min时,能够获得较好的综合力学性能;进一步延长退火时间到120 min,塑性进一步改善,r值基本保持不变,n值增加。     

Influence of hot extrusion on microstructure and mechanical properties ofAZ31 magnesium alloy

Extrusion treatment is a common method to refine the grain size and improve the mechanical properties of metal material. The influence of hot extrusion on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy was investigated. The results ,show that the mechanical properties of AZ31 alloy are obviously improved by extrusion treatment. The ultimate tensile strength （UTS） of AZ31 alloy at room temperature is measured to be 222 MPa, and is enhanced to 265.8 MPa after extrusion at 420℃. The yield tensile strength （YTS） of AZ31 alloy at room temperature is measured to be 84 MPa, and is enhanced to 201 MPa after extrusion at 420℃. The effective improvements on mechanical properties result from the formation of the finer grains during extrusion and the finer particles precipitated by age treatment. The features of the microstructure evolution during hot extruded of AZ31 alloy are dislocation slipping on the matrix and occurrence of the dynamic recrystallization.     

多向锻造对变形镁合金AZ31组织和力学性能的影响

文章采用不同锻造工艺对电磁连铸变形镁合金AZ31铸锭进行了多向锻造研究。结果表明,通过大变形的多向锻造后,变形镁合金AZ31可以得到有效细化,多向锻造有利于变形镁合金发生再结晶,锻造后变形镁合金AZ31最终得到均匀细小的等轴晶组织。工艺3得到最好的综合性能,锻造后变形镁合金AZ31硬度和抗拉强度分别提高了22.5%和33.5%,延伸率也有所提高。多向锻造后,室温拉伸试样的断口形貌出现大量的韧窝,表现为剪切断裂为主的韧性断裂。     

铈含量对ZK60镁合金组织和性能的影响

以ZK60合金成分为基础，添加质量百分比分别为0，0．5％，1．0％，1．5％和2％的铈（Ce），研究不同Ce含量和加工处理状态对合金力学性能和显微组织的影响。结果表明：未添加Ce的ZK60合金晶粒粗大且晶界偏析严重，而添加Ce后的合金晶粒明显细化，晶界得到净化。经过热挤压后，合金都发生了明显的动态再结晶。同时，合金的强度随Ce含量的增加而上升，在150℃时效0～24h（T5处理）后，抗拉强度和伸长率均得到了不同程度的提高。其中4合金具有最优的综合性能：挤压态σb。=318．6MPa，δ=14．4％；24h时效后σb=338．6MPa，δ=15．6％。     

退火对AZ31镁合金板组织与性能的影响

镁合金板轧制后会出现大量形变孪晶,对使用性能带来非常不利影响。通过对镁合金板退火处理,用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸试验机及X射线衍射仪,对AZ31镁合金板材轧制后不同退火制度下的显微组织、力学性能和衍射峰宽化现象进行了研究。结果表明,AZ31镁合金轧制后出现的大量形变孪晶,在200～350 ℃退火后,发生回复再结晶,孪晶基本消失;240 ℃退火1 h,组织为细小等轴晶粒,伸长率达到20.6%;轧制后的拉伸断裂面沿一定的晶面分离,退火后拉伸断口呈明显韧窝状,为典型的韧性断裂。轧制使层错率升高,在X射线衍射谱中表现为峰形宽化;退火使层错率降低,伸长率提升。