润滑脂对轴承噪声影响因素探讨

引起轴承噪声的原因很多,主要来自轴承本身,如材质、设计制造、加工精度、内外圈及滚动体的表面形貌和装配等,其次来自所选用的润滑剂。目前,80以上的轴承采用润滑脂润滑,因此,研究润滑脂对轴承噪声的影响,开发密封轴承专用的低噪声润滑脂是非常必要的。1　试验1.1　润滑脂在大多数密封轴承的润滑中12-羟基硬脂酸锂基脂应用最广。因此,本试验采用12-羟基硬脂酸锂基润滑脂,其基础油采用天然矿物油、合成烃油和酯类油,添加剂采用抗氧剂和防锈剂。1.2　试验轴承国产单列深沟密封球轴承,型号为6200、6204、6206和6308。1.3　噪声的测试轴承的…     

基础油对复合锂基润滑脂微观形貌及流变行为的影响

以聚α烯烃合成油、中间基矿物油和石蜡基矿物油及其按比例复配为基础油制备的复合锂基润滑脂作为研究对象，考察基础油对复合锂基润滑脂基础理化性能、微观形貌和流变性能的影响以及三者之间的关联性。结果表明：复合锂基脂的微观结构与各种性能之间存在一定的对应关系，以聚α烯烃合成油制备的复合锂基脂皂纤维结构规整度和连续性较差，触变性能和黏温性能优越；以中间基矿物油制备的复合锂基脂皂纤维规整度较高，部分纤维紧密缠绕，结构稳定性较强，黏温性能较差；复配合成油和矿物油制备的复合锂基脂皂纤维细长均匀，规整度高，结构稳定性强，具有较好的胶体稳定性和抗剪切能力。     

基础油复配复合锂基脂的制备及性能研究

为提高复合锂基脂的高温性能,以500SN矿物油和甲基苯基硅油为复合基础油,以12-羟基硬脂酸、癸二酸、一水氢氧化锂等为稠化剂原料制备复合锂基润滑脂,考察基础油含量、种类及复配比对润滑脂性能的影响。确定润滑脂的最佳配方,并对润滑脂进行热分析和扫描电镜测试和四球摩擦试验。结果表明:当基础油质量分数为86%时,所制备润滑脂综合性能更优;甲基苯基硅油所制备的润滑脂综合性能明显优于矿物油润滑脂;矿物油与甲基苯基硅油复配比例为4∶6时,所制备润滑脂具有较高的滴点;热分析、扫描电镜测试和四球摩擦试验均证明所制润滑脂高温性能良好、减摩抗磨性能优良。     

锂基润滑脂FE9寿命的影响因素探讨

介绍了滚动轴承润滑脂测试仪FE9的测试条件及测试润滑脂寿命的重要意义,并以锂基润滑脂为研究对象,探讨油分离度和极压抗磨性对润滑脂寿命的影响,试验结果表明:锂基润滑脂油分离度过大或过小都会影响润滑脂寿命,合理选择锂基润滑脂极压添加剂不仅可以提高润滑脂寿命,而且可以使轴承运转更平稳.     

MoS_2锂基脂的应用

79年,我们采用本溪牛心台化工厂产的3号MoS_2锂基脂代替鼓风机等设备上用的脂或油取得了良好的润滑效果。8-18-12 No 8离心鼓风机用于煤气发生炉鼓风。运行时风机振动大、轴承温度高、电流高、检修频繁。79年大修时,把原钠基润滑脂改为MoS。锂基脂。试用情况较好(表1)。     

润滑脂性能指标对滚动轴承振动特性影响的实验研究

随着制造技术的发展,滚动轴承的加工精度不断提高,其振动与噪声很大程度上取决于润滑剂的性能.通过在相同空白润滑脂中添加不同性质的添加剂(包括纳米颗粒和液态添加剂)制备出不同的润滑脂.通过测试在同类轴承内加入不同润滑脂时的振动信号,并与几种测试润滑脂性能指标的实验相结合,分析了润滑脂的性质(包括流变特性和机械性质)对滚动轴承振动的影响.发现添加剂在接触区的存在形态以及油膜动态特性是影响轴承振动的重要原因.     

润滑油脂对轴承振动和噪声的影响

影响轴承振动和噪声的因素是多方面的。本文从润滑油脂的使用角度论述对振动和噪声的影响。试验表明;(1)润滑油的粘度越高,轴承的振动和噪声值越小;(2)当油的粘度相近时,环烷基油在低频和高频时均有减振作用;(3)用同类脂润滑轴承时,振动值随基础油粘度的增加而降低;(4)硅油脂、复合钙基脂不宜用于低噪声轴承的润滑;(5)随脂的皂纤维长度和宽度的增加,脂对振动的 影响亦增加;(6)脂内杂质明显影响振动值;(7)搅拌型脂随着稠度增加会使振动值增加。     

降低脲基润滑脂工作噪声的研究

从基础油、稠化剂的配方比和后处理工艺3个方面分析了影响脲基润滑脂工作噪声的因素。结果表明:低粘度的环烷基矿物油作为基础油制备的润滑脂,具有良好的降噪声效果;脂肪胺和环烷胺为原料制备的脲基润滑脂具有较好的降噪声特性。通过实验证明,采用低粘度的环烷基矿物油作为基础油,采用TDI、脂肪胺、环烷胺作为稠化剂,通过控温慢冷和循环剪切方式,可以制得具有良好降噪声效果的二聚脲润滑脂。     

含硅油复合锂基润滑脂的制备及性能研究

为改善锂基润滑脂的耐高温性能,以硅油和矿物油为基础油,以12-羟基硬脂酸、己二酸和氢氧化锂为稠化剂的原料,采用一步法制备含硅油耐高温复合锂基润滑脂。通过对其滴点、锥入度、钢网分油等重要参数的表征,研究基础油用量、复合稠化剂比例、皂化温度、皂化时间、最高炼制温度、硅油和矿物油比例等对复合锂基润滑脂性能的影响。结果表明:硅油的加入使得复合锂基润滑脂具有相对较高的滴点、较低的分油量和低蒸发损失,同时适量的硅油还可降低复合锂基润滑脂的摩擦因数。     

含硅油复合锂基润滑脂的制备及制备条件优化

为改善锂基润滑脂的耐高温性能,以硅油和矿物油为基础油,以12-羟基硬脂酸、己二酸和氢氧化锂为稠化剂的原料,采用一步法制备含硅油耐高温复合锂基润滑脂。通过对其滴点、锥入度、钢网分油等重要参数的表征,研究基础油用量、复合稠化剂比例、皂化温度、皂化时间、最高炼制温度、硅油和矿物油比例等对复合锂基润滑脂性能的影响。结果表明：硅油的加入使得复合锂基润滑脂具有相对较高的滴点、较低的分油量和低蒸发损失,同时适量的硅油还可降低复合锂基润滑脂的摩擦因数。     

Friction torque in grease lubricated thrust ball bearings

Thrust ball bearings lubricated with several different greases were tested on a modified Four-Ball Machine, where the Four-Ball arrangement was replaced by a bearing assembly. The friction torque and operating temperatures in a thrust ball bearing were measured during the tests. At the end of each test a grease sample was analyzed through ferrographic techniques in order to quantify and evaluate bearing wear.A rolling bearing friction torque model was used and the coefficient of friction in full film lubrication was determined for each grease, depending on the operating conditions.The experimental results obtained showed that grease formulation had a very significant influence on friction torque and operating temperature. The friction torque depends on the viscosity of the grease base oil, on its nature (mineral, ester, PAO, etc.), on the coefficient of friction in full film conditions, but also on the interaction between grease thickener and base oil, which affected contact replenishment and contact starvation, and thus influenced the friction torque.     

The Effect of Three Mineral Base Oils on Roller Bearing Fatigue Life

The effect of three mineral base oils on roller bearing fatigue life has been studied. Life performance tests were conducted, using a specially controlled group of 45-mm bore cylindrical roller bearings. The results indicate that base oil stock affects bearing performance. Of the highly naphthenic, naphthenic, and paraffinic mineral oils studied, bearings lubricated with the latter achieved superior lives. The use of an oxidation inhibitor in the naphthenic base oil provided an improvement in the life performance equivalent to that obtained with the paraffinic base lubricant.     

Self-diffusion of oil in lubricating greases by NMR

Self-diffusion of base oil in six model lubricating greases and in the base oils themselves was measured using pulsed-field gradient nucleic magnetic resonance (NMR) at 23, 40, 70, and 90°C. Three of the greases were based on naphthenic mineral oils, and three were based on synthetic polyalphaolefin oils. Soaps of 12-hydroxy stearic acid were used as thickener agents in all six greases. The purpose of the investigation using NMR was to see if structure varies with temperature, and if NMR is a viable method for structure determination. The ratio between the diffusion coefficient of the base oil in the grease and the neat base oil in itself was evaluated as a function of temperature. This ratio was taken as a direct indicator of the obstruction effect that the thickener has on the oil. The thickener showed a stronger obstruction effect on the base oil in the synthetic grease than in the mineral-based grease. This was related to the soap content, which, for these greases, is roughly twice as high in the synthetic greases as in the mineral ones. The obstruction effect was constant in the temperature range 40–90°C for mineral- as well as synthetic-based greases. NMR was judged to be a promising method for investigating how the gellant affects the diffusion coefficient of oil in a lubricating grease.     

Film-forming tendencies of some base fluids and viscosity modifiers

The film-forming tendencies of selected mineral base oils and synthetic base fluids were investigated with and without conventional GL-5 additive packages. A pressurised falling-body viscometer and a concentrated contact simulator were used to measure low-shear viscosities, central film thicknesses, and traction coefficients. Analysis of the mineral—based oils showed that a paraffinic base oil and a naphthenic base oil had similar film thicknesses, even though the naphthenic base oil has higher pressure-viscosity coefficients. A very high viscosity index oil gave thinner film thicknesses and lower pressure—viscosity coefficients than the paraffinic or naphthenic base oils. Analysis of the synthetic base fluids showed that a PAO-4 base fluid gave thicker film thicknesses than an ester base fluid. The analysis of fully-formulated oils showed that the PAO-4 oil containing a proprietary polyolefin provided a similar filnz thickness to the PAO-4 oil containing a more expensive PAO-100.     

滚动轴承润滑脂的噪音特性

分析了轴承噪声产生的原因，阐述了精密滚动轴承对低噪声润滑脂的要求，简要介绍了国内外低噪声轴承润滑脂的发展现状，并提出了降低轴承噪音的途径和方法。     

Synthesis,Characterization, and Tribological Behavior of Neopentyl Polyol Ester-Based and Mixed Oil-Based Titanium Complex Grease

Four types of titanium complex grease were synthesized using a 3-l reaction vessel, and their friction and wear behavior were evaluated using a four-ball tester in the presence of two base oils: neopentyl polyol ester and a mixture oil of neopentyl polyol ester, 650SN, and epoxidized soy bean oil (4.5:2.5:1), with two compositions: benzoic acid/stearic acid and sebacic acid/stearic acid. The results indicate that mixed oil-based titanium complex grease has excellent tribological properties. Moreover, compositions affect the physical characteristics of titanium complex grease but have little effect on the friction-reduction, antiwear, and load-carrying capability of the same types of oil-based titanium complex grease. In addition, base oils also affect the tribological property of titanium complex grease. Based on scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectrometer of the worn surfaces of steel balls lubricated with the different types of grease, synergistic boundary lubrication was proposed to illustrate the friction-reduction and antiwear properties of titanium complex grease.     

聚脲基润滑脂发展研究（I）——组成、结构与性能

聚脲润滑脂属于性能较为全面的高温润滑脂,具有良好的氧化安定性、热稳定性、泵送性、机械安定性、胶体安定性、抗水性等优良性能,性能十分全面。综述近年来国内外聚脲润滑脂的研究进展,讨论基础油、稠化剂、添加剂对聚脲润滑脂的滴点、锥入度、分油率、极压抗磨性等性能的影响,并结合聚脲润滑脂发展趋势提出如下研发建议：聚脲润滑脂的基础油仍将以矿物油为主,但聚烯烃、酯类油等用量及占比会上升,废润滑油再生后得到的基础油也可用作润滑脂的制备,可降解基础油的研发应是未来重要方向之一;应加强构效关系研究,从而精准设计出可与基础油、添加剂匹配良好的稠化剂分子,进而实现聚脲润滑脂综合性能的调控;应根据聚脲润滑脂的个性化特点,加大新型添加剂的研发力度;应加强复合聚脲金属基润滑脂的研发力度,赋予聚脲润滑脂更为优异的性能。     

脂润滑轴承润滑剂迁移机理

本文详细讨论了脂润滑油轴承接触区附近润滑剂的几种迁移现象。这些迁移现象包括基础油的分油,渗透及蒸发,在剪切,挤压,振动作用下的粘附迁移,在温度梯度下的表面迁移,在表面张力作用下的回流迁移,在出口空穴所产生的液滴迁移以由于氧化造成的润滑剂永久损失。