33Mn2V钢热变形本构方程研究

采用压缩实验法在Gleeble-1500热模拟实验机上测定了33Mn2V钢在恒定温度和恒定速度下的变形抗力.研究结果表明:33Mn2V钢热变形的流变应力随温度的升高和应变的增大而减小.以Kumar本构模型为基础建立了33Mn2V钢热变形的本构方程,同时也通过本构模型计算值与实验所得的数据进行比较,表明该模型能够满足工程应用精度.     

石墨烯增强铝基复合材料的热变形本构方程研究

采用热模拟实验机对石墨烯增强7075铝合金复合材料进行高温热压缩实验,变形温度为300～450℃、应变速率为0.001～1 s^-1,分析其在不同应变速率及温度条件下的高温流变应力特征,并以实验数据为基础,通过函数拟合确定包含应变、应变速率和温度等变形参数的双曲正弦本构方程。研究结果表明：铝基复合材料热压缩变形时流变应力随应变增加迅速增大,达到峰值应力后略有下降且出现锯齿状波动;给出的双曲正弦本构方程可以较好地描述流变应力与应变、应变速率及温度之间的关系,计算值与实验值吻合良好。     

37Mn5钢高温变形抗力模型及动态再结晶动力学模型研究

通过Gleeble热模拟试验获得不同变形条件下37Mn5钢的应力应变试验数据,采用不同模型对试验数据进行回归,找到适合37Mn5钢高温变形时的变形抗力模型。同时,通过计算得到了该钢的动态再结晶动力学方程和动态再结晶体积分数表达式。将以上模型的计算值与实测值进行比较,结果表明,计算值与实测值非常接近。     

一种含氮高铬冷轧辊用钢的热变形行为研究

对一种8%Cr冷轧辊用钢在950～1200℃以0.1～10s~（-1）的变形速率进行热压缩变形,通过流变曲线分析、动力学分析及热加工图技术等方法表征其热变形时的力学行为,并对变形后的显微组织进行观察。结果表明：Cr8N钢的加工硬化率和流变应力随着变形温度的升高和应变速率的降低而降低,功率耗散百分数随着Z参数的增大而降低;上述变形条件下Cr8N钢的热变形激活能为542kJ/mol,加工硬化指数为5.25;获得了该钢的热变形方程以及Z参数和峰值应力间的关系。     

挤压态ZK60镁合金棒材的热变形行为

采用MMS-200热力模拟试验机对挤压态ZK60镁合金棒材进行热压缩实验,为ZK60镁合金热压缩变形时合理选择参数范围提供理论指导。分析应变速率、变形温度和流变应力之间的关系;构建ZK60镁合金流变应力本构方程;采用金相显微镜观察微观组织演化规律。结果表明:峰值应力随着应变速率的提高和变形温度的降低而增大,且真应力-真应变曲线中表现出动态再结晶的特征;在给定参数下,通过本构方程计算得到ZK60镁合金的变形激活能Q为128.91kJ/mol,应力指数n为4.8519;降低变形温度、提高应变速率有助于减小再结晶晶粒的平均尺寸。     

Mg-9Gd-3Y合金热变形行为与本构关系

为了解决Mg-9Gd-3Y合金在热塑性变形过程中的本构关系问题,对Mg-9Gd-3Y合金进行了不同变形温度（653～753K）下采用不同应变速率（0.01～10s-1）的热压缩试验,利用载荷/位移数据建立真应力/真应变曲线和本构方程.结果表明：动态再结晶在晶界处较易发生,流变曲线显示出典型的动态再结晶特征,以及应力水平与变形温度和应变速率的关系.本构方程预测出的流变应力数据与相应的试验结果较一致.     

Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金热压缩变形行为研究

针对高功率柴油发动机活塞在高温下变形和烧蚀严重,导致活塞早期失效,使用寿命不能满足设计要求的问题,文中采用光学显微镜(OM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和热模拟实验机等实验仪器,研究了在不同热压缩变形参数下,Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金显微组织以及流变应力的变化规律,利用Zener-Hollomon参数的双曲正弦函数来描述Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金热压缩变形流变应力行为。研究结果表明:该合金在高温压缩变形过程中存在动态回复和动态再结晶现象,流变应力值随应变速率的增大而增大,随温度的升高而减少;在高温低应变速率下,组织形貌由于动态再结晶而形成完整的亚晶结构;该合金的热变形激活能Q=294.08 kJ·mol~(-1),建立了Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Ni活塞合金热压缩变形条件下的流变应力本构方程。     

碳化硅颗粒增强6168铝基复合材料热变形本构关系

利用Gleeble-3500热模拟试验机研究碳化硅颗粒增强6168铝基复合材料(SiCp/6168Al)在变形温度为340~540 ℃、应变速率为0.001~10 s-1、真应变为0.7的条件下的热变形行为。结果表明:应变速率和变形温度对流变应力有明显的影响,在应变速率相同的条件下,流变应力随变形温度的升高而降低,相同的变形温度下,随应变速率的增加,流变应力也随之升高。采用双曲正弦模型求解SiCp/6168Al复合材料在不同真应变ε下的材料常数,并使用5次指数函数拟合出n、lnA、α和Q与真应变ε的关系式,建立流变应力σ与真应变ε的本构方程。利用该方程可以计算任意变形条件下的流变应力,该模型能较好地反映该复合材料的实际热变形行为。       

Cr8合金钢热变形行为及位错密度演变规律

利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对Cr8合金钢在变形温度为900～1200℃、应变速率为0.005～5s~(-1)条件下进行热压缩试验,并对热变形后的试样进行X射线衍射试验,研究了Cr8合金钢的热变形行为及位错密度演变规律。基于试验得到的数据,建立了考虑位错密度演变及包含多参数的两段式本构模型。结果表明:在低应变速率下,Cr8合金钢真应力-真应变曲线具有典型的动态再结晶特征;Cr8合金钢热变形激活能Qact为423.41 kJ/mol,本构模型的计算值与试验值数据吻合较好;在试验条件下,Cr8合金钢的总位错密度均达到10~(14)cm~(-2)以上,总位错密度随应变速率增加、变形温度减小而增加。     

含稀土的23Cr型双相不锈钢的高温变形行为

利用Gleeble-3500热力模拟试验机在950-1200℃,应变速率为0.1-10s-1条件下进行了含稀土的23Cr型双相不锈钢的热压缩变形,获得了流变曲线,建立了热变形方程,分析了变形组织。结果表明：在流变曲线上既存在峰值应力也有稳态应力;在高温低应变速率条件下,峰值应变减小。上述变形条件下,试验钢的热变形激活能Q=436kJ/mol,表观应力指数n=3.91,热变形方程为：ε=2.41×1016[sinh（0.012σs）]3.91exp （-436000/RT）。奥氏体的动态再结晶在试验钢的动态软化机制中起主导作用且随着温度的升高和应变速率的降低越来越充分;而大应变下,铁素体的软化主要表现为较充分的动态回复。稀土元素影响了热变形时两相中Mo元素的再分配是稀土改善双相不锈钢高温塑性的重要原因之一。稀土使Mo在铁素体中浓度较低温度下降低,高温下升高;而奥氏体相中,使得Mo浓度在较低温度下升高而高温下降低。     

Hot deformation behavior of Super304H austenitic heat resistant steel

The hot compression tests of Super304H austenitic heat resistant steel were carried out at 800-1200℃and 0.005-5 s~(-1) using a Gleeble 3500 thermal-mechanical simulator,and its deformation behavior was analyzed.The results show that the flow stress of Super304H steel decreases with the decrease of strain rate and the increase of deformation temperature;the hot deformation activation energy of the steel is 485 kJ/mol.The hot deformation equation and the relationship between the peak stress and the deforma...     

Hot deformation behavior and flow stress model of F40MnV steel

Single hit compression tests were performed at 1 223-1 473 K and strain rate of 0.1-10 s-1 to study hot deformation behavior and flow stress model of F40MnV steel. The dependence of the peak stress, initial stress, saturation stress, steady state stress and peak stain on Zener-Hollomon parameter were obtained. The mathematical models of dynamic recrystallization fraction and grain size were also obtained. Based on the tested data, the flow stress model of F40MnV steel was established in dynamic recovery region and dynamic recrystallization region, respectively. The results show that the activation energy for dynamic recrystallization is 278.6 kJ/mol by regression analysis. The flow stress model of F40MnV steel is proved to approximate the tested data and suitable for numerical simulation of hot forging.     

Hot deformation behaviors and flow stress model of GCr15 bearing steel

The hot deformation behaviors of GCr15 bearing steel were investigated by isothermal compression tests, performed on a Gleeble-3800 thermal-mechanical simulator at temperatures between 950℃ and 1150℃ and strain rates between 0.1 and 10 s^-1. The peak stress and peak strain as functions of processing parameters were obtained. The dependence of peak stress on strain rate and temperature obeys a hyperbolic sine equation with a Zener-Hollomon parameter. By regression analysis, in the temperature range of 950-1 150℃ and strain rate range of 0.1-10 s^-1, the mean activation energy and the stress exponent were determined to be 351kJ/mol and 4.728, respectively. Meanwhile, models of flow stress and dynamic recrystallization （DRX） grain size were also established. The model predictions show good agreement with experimental results.     

Constitutive Modeling and Dynamic Recrystallization Mechanisms of an Ultralow-carbon Microalloyed Steel During Hot Compression Tests

The hot deformation behavior of an ultralow-carbon microalloyed steel was investigated using an MMS-200 thermal simulation test machine in a temperature range of 1 073-1 373 K and strain rate range of 0.01-10 s~(-1).The results show that the flow stress decreases with increasing deformation temperature or decreasing strain rate.The strain-compensated constitutive model based on the Arrhenius equation for this steel was established using the true stress-strain data obtained from a hot compression test.Furthermore,a new constitutive model based on the Z-parameter was proposed for this steel.The predictive ability of two constitutive models was compared with statistical measures.The results indicate the new constitutive model based on the Z-parameter can more accurately predict the flow stress of an ultralow-carbon microalloyed steel during hot deformation.The dynamic recrystallization (DRX) nucleation mechanism at different deformation temperatures was observed and analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),and strain-induced grain boundary migration was observed at 1 373 K/0.01 s~(-1).     

Deformation behavior of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite region during warm processing

The hot deformation experiments of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range were carried out in a hot simulator in order to research hot deformation behaviors of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range at low temperature. The results show that the influences of deformation parameters on flow stress are different to those in austenitic deformation. The deformation characteristic parameters were calculated for ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite region. The flow stress equation for ultra-low carbon steel in ferritic deformation at low temperature was obtained.     

Hot deformation behavior of a Cr-containing low carbon steel in the ferrite range

A low carbon steel with Cr addition of 0.46wt% combined with trace elements of Mn and Ti was studied.The apparent activation energy of deformation and the hot deformation equation of the steel in the ferritic range were determined by means of single hot compression tests.The hot-rolled strip of 3 mm in thickness rolled in the ferritic range was obtained using a laboratory hot rolling mill.The mechanical properties show that the values of yield strength and ultimate tensile strength are 230 and 330 MPa,respe...     

Flow stress behavior and processing map of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy during hot compression

The hot deformation behavior of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag was studied by isothermal hot compression tests in the temperature range of 573-773 K and strain rate range of 0.001-1 s^-1 on a Gleeble 1500 D thermal mechanical simulator. The results show the flow stress of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy increases with strain rate and decreases after a peak value, indicating dynamic recovery and recrystallization. A hyperbolic sine relationship is found to correlate well the flow stress with the strain rate and temperature, the flow stress equation is estimated to illustrate the relation of strain rate and stress and temperature during high temperature deformation process. The processing maps exhibit two domains as optimum fields for hot deformation at different strains, including the high strain rate domain in 623-773 K and the low strain rate domain in 573-673 K.     

Flow stress behavior and constitutive modeling of 20MnNiMo low carbon alloy

The hot deformation behavior of 20 Mn Ni Mo low carbon alloy was investigated by isothermal compression tests over wide ranges of temperature(1223-1523 K) and strain rate(0.01-10 s~(-1)). According to the experimental true stress-true strain data, the constitutive relationships were comparatively studied based on the Arrhenius-type model, Johnson-Cook(JC) model and artificial neural network(ANN), respectively. Furthermore, the predictability of the developed models was evaluated by calculating the correlation coefficient(R) and mean absolute relative error(AARE). The results indicate that the flow stress behavior of 20 Mn NiM o low carbon alloy is significantly influenced by the strain rate and deformation temperature. Compared with the Arrhenius-type model and Johnson-Cook(JC) model, the ANN model is more efficient and has much higher accuracy in describing the flow stress behavior during hot compressing deformation for 20 Mn Ni Mo low carbon alloy.