共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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表面活性剂改善硝酸铵物化性能和爆炸性能的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用表面活性剂对硝酸铵进行溶化-真空结晶处理,得到一种含有许多微孔的片状膨松硝酸铵。研究了这种改性硝酸铵的物理化学特性和爆炸性能,介绍了用改性硝酸铵制成的几种粉状工业炸药的爆炸性能。 相似文献
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从粒状硝酸铵的问世和发展、抗硬化结晶粉末硝酸铵和不破乳松散性结晶硝酸铵的研究、用于膨化炸药的膨化硝酸铵研制、用于无梯炸药的敏化改性硝酸铵的研究、钝化或防爆硝酸铵的开发、液体硝酸铵在炸药中的应用、改性多孔粒状硝酸铵的研究等方面概述了我国改性硝酸铵的研究成果。开发高性能多孔硝酸铵和防爆的农用硝酸铵及其下游产品,是我国改性硝酸铵今后主要的发展方向。 相似文献
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微胶囊技术在硝酸铵改性中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
提出了用聚苯乙烯包覆硝酸铵制备硝酸铵微胶囊的新方法 ,采用电子能谱仪研究了包覆效果 ,并对包覆前后的硝酸铵进行吸湿性测量 ,分析了改性后的硝酸铵吸湿结块性降低的原因和机理。 相似文献
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表面活性剂改善硝酸铵吸湿性研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
用表面活性剂对硝酸铵进行表面改性处理 ,测定了改性硝酸铵的吸湿性。结果表明 ,表面活性剂能有效地降低硝酸铵的吸湿率 ,改性硝酸铵的吸湿率比普通硝酸铵降低约 30 % ,并得出了较为理想的硝酸铵改性表面活性剂。 相似文献
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Robert Maty Svatopluk Zeman Waldemar Trzciski Stanisaw Cudzio 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2008,33(4):296-300
The detonation velocity and performance were determined for four mixtures of triacetone triperoxide (3,3,6,6,9,9‐hexamethyl‐1,2,4,5,7,8‐hexoxonane, TATP), ammonium nitrate (AN) and water (W) by cylinder expansion tests. The composition of these mixtures varied in the following ranges: 21–31% TATP, 37–54% AN and 19–32% W. The obtained results were compared with those of powdery 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT), AN‐fuel oil explosive (ANFO) and emulsion explosive. It was found that the tested TATP/AN/W mixtures represent typical non‐ideal explosives with relatively low critical diameter and with high sensitivity to initiation despite the high content of water due to the presence of the primary explosive (TATP). The detonation velocity is comparable to that of powdery TNT (at similar density). However, the acceleration ability is significantly lower than that of powdery TNT. 相似文献
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Guangyu Wang Guirong Liu Qing Peng Suvranu De Dianlei Feng Moubin Liu 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2015,40(4):566-575
ANFO (ammonium nitrate/fuel oil) is a widely used bulk industrial explosive mixture that is considered to be highly “non‐ideal” with long reaction zones, low detonation energies, and large failure diameters. Thus, its detonation poses great challenge for accurate numerical modeling. Herein, we present a numerical model to simulate ANFO based on improved smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method, which is a mesh‐free Lagrangian method performing well in simulating situations consist of moving interface and large deformation, as happened in high‐velocity impact and explosion. The improved three‐dimensional SPH method incorporated with JWL++ model is used to simulate the detonation of ANFO. Good agreement is observed between simulation and experiment, which indicates that the proposed method performs well in prediction of behavior of ANFO. 相似文献
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国外工业炸药的研究与发展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
简述了国外工业炸药的发展近况,着重介绍了铵油炸药、含水炸药、硝铵炸药和硝甘炸药等工业炸药在技术性能指标和制造工艺等方面所取得的研究进展.指出提高工业炸药的使用安全性和爆炸威力、降低成本并改进综合性能将是今后的主要发展方向. 相似文献
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Prilled/granulated ammonium nitrate is commonly used as a fertilizer and a basic ingredient of industrial explosives, especially of ANFO. One of the most important factors that affect the explosive properties of ANFO is the porosity of the prills/granules. This paper describes an attempt to manufacture ammonium nitrate prills of determined porosity in order to investigate its influence on the ANFO detonation velocity. A method of manufacturing porous ammonium nitrate prills with a high‐level of oil absorption (up to 20% by volume) was developed. The relations between porosity and granulometric distribution of ammonium nitrate prills versus the detonation velocity of ANFO were examined. It has been proved that the detonation velocity of ANFO increases significantly with higher porosity and smaller size of ammonium nitrate prills/granules. The influence of ANFO oxygen balance (researched by changing the content of fuel oil in the mixture) on detonation velocity has been determined for two kinds of ammonium nitrate prills–one with a low and another one with a high level of porosity. 相似文献
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借助C80微量量热仪研究了多孔粒状铵油炸药、3种常用的重铵油炸药(乳化炸药/多孔粒状铵油炸药质量百分比分别为25/75、50/50、75/25)、乳化炸药的热分解特性,以升温速率0.2 K·min-1时的C80热流速曲线数据为基础,求解了5种炸药试样热分解反应的反应热(ΔH)、表观活化能(Ea)、指前因子(lnA)等热力学和动力学参数。结果表明:乳化炸药的存在抑制了多孔粒状铵油炸药的热分解反应,使其开始发生热分解反应的温度被明显提高。重铵油炸药的表观活化能和放热反应开始温度均高于多孔粒状铵油炸药和乳化炸药,由此得出重铵油炸药的热稳定性高于多孔粒状铵油炸药和乳化炸药的热稳定性。 相似文献
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研究了AN-UN、AN-UN-A l两种无TNT铵脲炸药的配方和爆炸性能关系。结果表明,对于AN-UN炸药,随着硝酸脲含量由10%增至40%,炸药的爆热Qv减少16%,比容Vo增加2%,QvVo的乘积下降12.5%。因此,在不含其它成分的情况下,UN含量以10%~20%为宜,基本满足爆炸要求。对于AN-UN-A l炸药,在氧平衡为零的情况下,铝粉的加入能提高炸药爆热,但比容有所下降,QvVo的乘积增加。在铝粉含量10%不变的情况下,AN或UN含量的改变对炸药爆炸性能影响不大。 相似文献
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采用加速量热法评价防爆硝酸铵的热稳定性 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在模拟硝酸铵(AN)的生产工艺流程中加入防爆添加剂制成防爆AN,按照工业炸药配方制成铵油炸药,并用8^#雷管起爆,实验表明该防爆AN失去了爆炸性。用加速量热仪研究了AN和防爆AN的绝热分解过程,得到了绝热分解温度与压力随时间的变化、自加热速率与分解压力随温度的变化曲线,计算了分解动力学参数表观活化能和指前因子。据此分析了防爆AN的安全性,表明它具有良好的热稳定性;同时也表明防爆AN热稳定性的提高是爆炸特性得以消除的原因。。 相似文献