LOW TEMPERATURE STRUCTURAL RELAXATION OF METALLIC GLASS (Fe_(55) Ni_(45))_(78)Si_8 B_(14)

<正> 金属玻璃在退火处理下将发生结构弛豫,许多物理性质也将发生变化.一般认为非晶无序态的原子重新排列导致了结构弛豫,并提出了两种模型:拓扑短程序(TSRO)和化学短程序(CSRO).Egami和Bcukel等人研究了铁     

纳米晶软磁合金Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Nb_3Si_(13.5)B_9淬态脆化机制研究

本文采用正电子湮没、居里点与内耗等方法对纳米晶软磁合金Fe73 5 Cu1Nb3Si13 5 B9淬态脆化机制进行系统研究。研究结果表明FeCuNbSiB淬态脆化是由于发生结构弛豫造成 ,且其结构弛豫峰温度比常用Fe B Si非晶低得多 ,说明FeCuNbSiB比常用Fe B Si非晶易产生由结构弛豫造成的淬态脆化。     

STRUCTURAL RELAXATION OF AMORPHOUS ALLOYS Fe_(77.8)Si_(7.5)B_(14.7) AND Fe_(78.5)Si_(8.9)B_(12.6)

<正> 本文用Mossbauer技术结合DTA和电阻分析,对两种非晶态合金(Ⅰ)Fe_(77.8)Si_(7.5)B_(14.7)和(Ⅱ)Fe_(78.5)Si_(8.9)B_(12.6)的结构弛豫进行了研究。 Ⅰ和Ⅱ两种非晶态合金的DTA曲线如图1,晶化开始温度分别为530和500℃,晶化前均出现较长的放热峰,预示其结构弛豫过程中可能发生某种结构变化。     

Fe55Ni2Cr12Mo10Y2B6C13块体非晶合金的热膨胀行为

本文采用铜模吸铸法制备直径为4mm的块体非晶合金Fe55 Ni2 Cr12 M010 Yo12 B6 C13,对非晶合金在298K-1073K温度区间的热膨胀行为进行了分析.非晶合金的膨胀系数在室温至接近玻璃转化温度区间没有发生明显的变化;当温度超过Tg后,由玻璃态进人过冷液相区,粘度急剧增加,膨胀系数增高;在T>Tg...     

高压处理对La62.0Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3非晶合金显微组织和腐蚀行为的影响

采用电弧熔炼铜模吸铸法制备La62.0Al15.7(Cu,Ni)22.3非晶合金,在室温下对该非晶合金进行高压处理(压力为3-5 GPa),研究高压处理对非晶合金显微组织的影响;并对非晶合金在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学性能进行测试.结果表明:室温下的高压处理使该非晶合金发生结构驰豫,从而导致其玻璃转变温度、第一晶化温度及驰豫激活体积发生改变;高压处理后,非晶合金的自腐蚀电位增加,自腐蚀电流密度减小,临界点蚀电位下降,因此,高压处理提高该了非晶合金的抗均匀腐蚀能力,但降低了其抗点蚀的能力.     

Zr65Al10Ni10Cu15非晶合金电阻率的研究

在不同加热速率下利用恒流四电极法研究了非晶合金Zr65Al10Ni10Cu15的电阻率随温度的变化情况,根据电阻率随温度的变化情况可以把晶化前的温度区间分为3个阶段,第一和第二阶段分别对应于低温结构弛豫和高温度结构弛豫发生的温度区间,而第三阶段的变化情况与前二个阶段明显不同,并在晶化前出现电阻率极大值峰。研究表明,利用电阻率随温度的变化情况,可以反映出非晶更多的结构转变的信息。     

Analysis of changes in the structural state of the VD1 alloy (Al-Cu-Mg-Mn) under the effect of ion irradiation (Ar<Superscript>+</Superscript>, <Emphasis Type="Italic">E</Emphasis> = 40 keV) using transmission electron microscopy

It has been established by the method of electron microscopy that the irradiation of the cold-worked aluminum alloy VD1 of the Al-Cu-Mg-Mn system by Ar⁺ ions with an energy of 40 keV leads to the formation in it of a developed subgrain structure with equiaxed dislocation-free subgrains. The study of the structural state of the alloy in sections parallel and perpendicular to the irradiated surface indicates that the structural changes under the action of irradiation are realized in the entire volume of the sample of about 3 mm thick, although the projective range of Ar⁺ ions with an energy of 40 keV in the aluminum alloy VD1 is only 40 nm. The detected structural changes occur at a high rate (during irradiation for several seconds) at depths which are greater by a factor of more than four orders of magnitude than the projective ion range, at a temperature less than 140°C. The subgrain structure observed in the initially cold-worked alloy VD1 after ionic irradiation is close to the structure that is formed as a result of the annealing of cold-worked sheets of this alloy for 2 h at a temperature 250°C.     

Structural and phase transformations during heat treatment of the Fe(71.4)Si(14.3)C(14.3) amorphous alloy prepared by mechanical alloying

Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy of ⁵⁷Fe nuclei, magnetic measurements, and different heat treatments have been used to study the sequence and mechanisms of solid-state reactions in the Fe-Si-C amorphous alloy in the course of the structure transition to equilibrium. Three stages of structural and phase transformations have been found; these are the structural relaxation, formation of an Fe₅SiC silicocarbide, and its decomposition. It has been shown that the second and third stages occur during isochronous annealing within sufficiently narrow temperature ranges of 380–405 and 530–555°C, respectively. The kinetics of the decomposition of the metastable Fe₅SiC silicocarbide and the formation of the ordered Fe-Si alloy during isothermal annealing has been studied.     

Study on hydrogen diffusion behavior in MlNi_(3.75) Co_(0.65) Mn_(0.4) Al_(0.2) alloy electrode by chronoamperometry

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＮｉｃｋｅｌ ｍｅｔａｌｈｙｄｒｉｄｅ (Ｎｉ/ＭＨ )ｂａｔｔｅｒｉｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｔｏｍｅｅｔｔｈｅｄｅｍａｎｄｓｆｏｒａｐｏｗｅｒｓｏｕｒｃｅｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｅｎｅｒｇｙｄｅｎｓｉｔｙ ,ｅｘｃｅｌｌｅｎｔｈｉｇｈ ｒａｔｅｃａｐａｂｉｌｉｔｙ ,ｌｏｎｇｃｙｃｌｅｌｉｆｅａｎｄ ｇｏｏｄｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｃｏｍｐａｔｉｂｉｌｉｔｙ[1,2 ] ,ａｎｄｅｘｔｅｎｓｉｖｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｅｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｄｏｎｅｏｎｔｈｅｍ[3～ 5] .Ｔｈｅｐｅｒｆｏｒ…     

Nd_(60)Fe_(30)Al_(10)大块非晶的制备及其热稳定性

采用熔渣包覆水淬法获得了直径为 ６ ｍｍ,长度为 ５０ ｍｍ的非晶 Ｎｄ６０Ｆｅ３０Ａｌ１０合金,并对其非晶形成能力进行了研究．在三元系非晶合金中,除 Ｐｄ基合金外,这是目前所报道的采用水淬法所能获得的最大尺寸的非晶合金 对 Ｎｄ７０Ｆｅ２０Ａｌ１０,在同样的条件下可获得直径为 ３ ｍｍ,长度为 ５０ ｍｍ的部分非晶组织 与普通铜模铸造方法所获得的临界直径相比,前者提高了 ２ ｍｍ,而后者降低了 ４ ｍｍ．利用 ＤＴＡ 和 ＤＳＣ 对 Ｎｄ６０Ｆｅ３０Ａｌ１０合金的熔点和形成能力进行了分析,所计算的临界冷却速率为０．５５Ｋ／ｓ,表明该合金具有较大的非晶形成能力．表观晶化能计算结果和 ＤＳＣ曲线分析表明,Ｎｄ６０Ｆｅ３０Ａｌ１０非晶的热稳定性较低     

Mechanisms of linear anelasticity in Fe-M and Fe-Al-M (M = Ga, Ge) alloys

Linear anelastic effects in binary and ternary alloys of iron with 13 and 17 at % Ga, 12 at % Ge, and 4–8 at % Al (Fe-13Ga, Fe-17Ga, Fe-12Ge, Fe-8Al-3Ga, Fe-8Al-4Ge, and Fe-4Al-8Ge) have been investigated. In all of these alloys, thermally activated effects of linear anelasticity have been found and identified that are caused by point defects in interstitial (Snoek-type relaxation) and substitutional (Zener relaxation) solid solutions, as well as by dislocations (Hasiguti effect), and by grain boundaries. The effects of the alloy composition on the activation parameters of the above-mentioned relaxation mechanisms have been determined. In addition, frequency-independent effects related to processes of structural rearrangement, such as ordering and disordering of the alloys have been revealed due to the specific features in the curves of the temperature dependences of internal friction for almost all compositions.     

EFFECT OF ANNEALING ON THE ELECTRODE PERFORMANCES OF ZrTi(MnVCoNi)_2 HYDROGEN STORAGE ALLOY

1.IntroductionSystematicchemicalsubstitutionhasbeenappliedtotheZr-basedLavesphasehydr0-genst0ragealloyst0improvetheelectr0chemicaJproperties,becausethethermodynamicsstabilities0fZr-M2hydrides(M=V,CrandMn)aretoostabletoreleasehydrogeneasilyatanambientc0nditionl1].All0yingtreatmentwithothertransitionmetalshasbeenpr0vedtobeusefulf0rstronglyalleviatingthedifficultyinthehydrogendesorpti0nwithoutmuchdegradinghydrogenstoragecapacity,meanwhilethecomp0sitionm0diflcationmanagest0improveotherpr0pertie…     

Temperature and grain size dependence of superplasticity in a Zn−0.3wt.%Al alloy

The superplastic deformation behavior of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3 wt. %Al was investigated. A series of load relaxation and tensile tests was conducted at various temperatures ranging from RT (20 °C) to 200 °C. The recently proposed internal variable theory of structural superplasticity was applied. The flow curves obtained from load relaxation tests were shown to consist of contributions from interface sliding (IS) and accommodating plastic deformation. In the case of quasi-single phase Zn-0.3 wt.% Al alloy with an average agrain size of 1 μm, the IS behavior could be described as a viscous flow process characterized by a power index of M_g=0.5. A large elongation of about 1400% was obtained at room temperature and the strain rate sensitivity parameter was about 0.4. Although relatively large-grained (10 μm) single phase alloy showed a high value of strain rate sensitivity comparable to that of fine-grained alloy at very low strain rate range, IS was not expected from the analysis based on the internal variable theory of structural superplasticity at room temperature. As the temperature increased above 100 °C, however, the contribution from IS was observed at a very low strain rate range. A high elongation of ∼400% was obtained in a specimen of 10-μm-grain-size at 200 °C under a strain rate of 2×10⁻⁴/sec. Jointly appointed at Center for Advanced Aerospace Materials (CAAM)     

TiC(110)表面第一性原理研究(英文)

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波赝势法计算TiC(110)表面的结构和电子特性。对于该表面结构弛豫和表面能的计算结果表明,7层原子构型能够显示TiC的内部体相特征,弛豫后结构的变化仅发生在顶部3层,证明弛豫只影响构型的顶部3层。同时,从构型的(100)平面上的电荷密度分布中可以看到强烈的Ti—C共价键。弛豫后,由于电荷在真空层中的消耗和第一、第二层原子层之间的积累,第一、第二层原子间距减小,Ti—C化学键相应地增强。计算得到的TiC(110)表面的表面能为3.53J/m2。     

Zr43Cu50Al7块体非晶合金的结构弛豫和晶化研究

在不同加热速率下应用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了Zr43Cu50Al7块体非晶合金的结构弛豫现象和晶化行为,得到了满意的晶化曲线.由晶化曲线得到弛豫峰与玻璃转变温度(Tg)、晶化起始温度(Tx)和晶化峰温度(Tp).Zr43Cu50Al7非晶合金的过冷液相区ΔTx达76.2 K,具有较强的玻璃形成能力.对所得到的弛豫峰作了初步的研究,并运用Kissinger法和Deloy法分别计算出玻璃转变激活能Eg、晶化起始激活能Ec、晶化峰的激活能Ep和晶化阶段激活能Ex.结果表明Zr43Cu50Al7块体非晶合金具有良好的热稳定性.     

Structure and anelasticity of Fe3Ge alloy

The structure and anelastic properties of Fe-27 at.%Ge alloy are studied. Long-term annealing of the as-cast alloy at 1273 K leads to homogenising and several transformations take place below 873 K. These low temperature transitions are studied by several methods: X-ray diffraction, calorimetry, vibrating-sample magnetometry and internal friction, and are related to magnetic transitions in the different phases. A high stability of the hexagonal (D0₁₉) phase at room temperature is recorded. The hexagonal β (B8₁) phase is also detected in the alloy at room temperature, while the presence of the ′ and phases is doubtful. A broad internal friction relaxation peak with the relaxation strength of Δ = 0.0036, the activation energy of about 1.78 eV and the preexponential relaxation time of τ₀ = 2 × 10⁻¹⁷ s was discovered and classified as the Zener peak in both the and β phases.     

温度、应力及晶粒度对TC4合金应力松弛性能的影响

研究了温度、应力、晶粒度对TC4合金应力松弛的影响。结果表明，TC4合金应力松弛行为对材料的组织形态和外界试验条件极为敏感。温度升高时，松弛速率大大加快，应力松弛极限降低；不同初应力作用下，应力松弛极限相同，符合应力松弛第一定律；600℃时小晶粒材料应力松弛速率高于大晶粒材料。     

Microstructure and thermal expansion of copper-based amorphous alloys during structural relaxation

(Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 amorphous alloy bar was prepared by the arc melting copper mold absorption casting method,and then,the amorphous alloy was annealed at different temperatures for different times.The influence of heating rate on thermal expansion and thermal stability was studied by thermomechanical analysis(TMA),and the microstructure evolution of the amorphous alloy during structural relaxation and crystallization was studied by XRD and TEM.Results show that the structural evolution behavior of the(Cu43Zr48Al9)98Y2 amorphous alloy can be divided into five different stages(structural relaxation preparation stage,structural relaxation stage,first crystallization stage,second crystallization stage,and grain growth stage).When the heating rate is 20 K/min,the amorphous alloy has the smallest thermal expansion coefficient and the best thermal stability.The width of the supercooled liquid region is 66.42 K.Samples with different relaxation states were prepared by annealing at the heating rate of 20 K/min.The structural evolution of amorphous alloys with different relaxation states is as follows:amorphous→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7+CuZr(B2)+CuZr(M)+Cu10Zr7→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7+CuZr(B2)+CuZr(M).After annealing at 706 K and 726 K(in the supercooled liquid region)for 1.5 h,the amorphous-nanocrystalline composites were obtained.When the annealing temperature is 706 K,the crystallization process of the sample is as follows:amorphous→Cu10Zr7→Cu10Zr7+CuZr,and for the sample at 726 K,it is as follows:amorphous→CuZr2+AlCu2Zr7+Cu10Zr7→Cu10Zr7+CuZr2→CuZr2+CuZr(B2)+Cu10Zr7.     

The anodic behavior of amorphous Ni-19P alloys in different amorphous states

An amorphous Ni-19P alloy prepared by rapid quenching of white heat melt showed a higher anodic dissolution current density in 1 N HCl in comparison with the same amorphous alloy prepared by rapid quenching of red heat melt. After structural relaxation these two specimens showed the same anodic polarization curve which is located between the polarization curves of as-quenched two specimens. The thermograms of these two as-quenched specimens were different from each other, showing that the difference in the amorphous states is due to the difference in structural relaxation during preparation. The difference in anodic behavior between these two as-quenched specimens seems due to the difference in the amounts of quenched-in defects. The higher current density of the relaxed specimen in comparison with the as-quenched specimen prepared by rapid quenching of the red heat melt has been interpreted in terms of introduction of chemical heterogeneity as a result of rearrangement and regroupings of atoms in the alloy during structural relaxation. The steady state current density was fairly low in the low potential region without showing a difference between two as-quenched specimens and then increased with increasing polarization potential. The difference in the quality of as-quenched alloy specimens seemed to be masked by the formation of phosphorus-covered alloy surfaces during anodic polarization at potentials lower than about 200 mV(SCE), because of a negligibly small dissolution rate constant of phosphorus in comparison with that of nickel.     

Ti-13at.-％Ni-37at.-％Pd记忆合金预形变与高温形状记忆效应SCIEI

本文着重地研究了Ti-13at.-％Ni-37at.-％Pd合金的高温形状记忆效应与预形变温度的关系.该合金A_s温度是620K,具有单程形状记忆效应和双程形状记忆效应。在620—640K温度预形变,可以得到最大的形状记忆应变,这与在此温区产生的最小可逆应变能有关。