宝钢管线钢炼钢生产技术进步

宝钢自20世纪90年代初开始批量生产管线钢以来,已经生产了API-X42～X80、抗硫化氢X52～X65等钢级管线钢合计超过400万t,并于2006年成功试制了X100和X120厚板管线钢。管线钢板卷已经用于塔里木盆地输油管线、苏丹管线、西气东输管线、中俄管线等国内外输油、输气重点工程。在十多年的生产中,炼钢通过改进装备、集成一贯工艺技术以及现场操作管理技术的进步,在管线钢的纯净度控制、铸坯成分均一化控制以及表面缺陷改善等方面取得明显进步,实物[P]达到50×10^-4％,[S]达到12×10^-4％。     

高强度高韧性X80管线钢的研制与应用

由于长距离高压油气输送的需要,高强度高韧性管线用钢得到迅速发展.宝钢在完成"西气东输"工程用X70管线钢后,进行了更高强度级别X80管线钢的研制.现就宝钢X80管线铜的研制和应用情况,X80管线钢的成分、工艺、组织、性能和制成φ1 016×15.3 mm螺旋焊管性能进行论述.合理的成分配合最佳的控轧控冷工艺,是X80管线钢获得具有针状铁素体微观组织和高的冲击韧性、优良的低温抗动态撕裂能力的关键.     

宝钢管线钢的发展及在西气东输工程中的应用前景

文章回顾了宝钢高强度高韧性管线钢的产品和批量生产等方面的发展过程,简要介绍了宝钢管线钢在国内外一些线工程的应用情况。宝钢目前已较好地掌握了现代管线钢的生产和质量控制技术,产品质量稳定,不仅改变了我国石油天然气长输管线用钢长期依靠进口的局面,并具备参与国际竞争的能力。在国内外石油天然气管线工程中得到了成功的应用,同时,结合中国的西部开发,探讨了宝钢管线钢在西气东输工程中的应用前景。     

西气东输工程用大口径X70输气管线用板卷的研制

宝山钢铁股份有限公司开发研制的针状铁素体型X70大口径输气管线用板卷钢已应用于西气东输管线工程.与贫珠光体(含有少量的珠光体)组织类型的X70管线钢相比,新开发的针状铁素体型X70管线钢板卷在具有高强度的同时,具有更高的低温冲击韧性、低的韧-脆转变温度以及高的抗动态撕裂能力.其优良的性能得益于具有与细小析出相交互作用的高密度位错的超低碳针状铁素体组织.     

高等级管线钢的发展现状

回顾总结了近年来国际上高等级管线钢的发展.现代管线钢向高强度、大厚度、抗应变和抗HIC方向发展.为降低长距离天然气管线的建设成本,开发了X100和X120超高强度管线管,并进行了X100和X120管线试验段建设,取得了显著的进展.开发了以双相显微组织为特征的满足"基于应变设计"的抗大应变高强度管线钢,强度等级从X65至X100,可应用于冻土带、地震区和水土流失区域的管线建设.海底管线用钢和抗HIC管线管的强度等级已从以往的X65提高到X70,X70管线管的最大壁厚可达34.1 mm,并已批量在工程中应用.新型的HTP高强度管线钢采用超低碳高铌含铬的成分设计,具有十分优良的性能,用铬替代钼可显著地降低成本,生产的X80管线管已应用于美国第一条X80管线.     

超高强度系列管线钢厚板的研制

介绍了宝钢超高强度X90、X100、X120系列管线钢的研制开发.以低碳微合金化配合适当的控轧控冷TMCP工艺,试制厚度为16 mm的超高强度X90、X100、X120系列管线钢厚板.用其制造φ914 mm×16 mm直缝焊管,具有高的强度和优良的低温冲击韧性.管体母材横向具有高的屈服强度和抗拉强度,最高强度级别的X120管线钢管在-40℃下的夏比冲击功大于220 J,FATT50(CVN)为-73℃,DWTT断口FATT85(CVN)为-15℃;钢管焊缝和焊接热影响区在-20℃下的夏比冲击功分别大于150 J和80 J,FATT50(CVN)均为-55℃.用宝钢生产的超高强度X90、X100、X120系列管线钢厚板试制的各等级的尺寸为φ914 mm×16 mm的直缝焊管各项性能分别满足API 5L(44版)、ISO 3183:2006(E)规范对X90、X100、X120管线钢管的要求.     

武钢研制高钢级管线钢X80通过国家鉴定

由武钢公司牵头承担的“X80大口径输气管线用板材及评价”课题于2004年10月上旬成功通过中国石油天然气集团公司鉴定，标志着武钢石油管线钢开发水平又迈上了一个新台阶。     

宝钢管线钢的发展与中国油气管道建设的回顾

能源需求促进现代石油天然气管道建设和高等级管线钢的发展.管线钢是现代微合金化TMCP钢的代表性钢种.宝钢管线钢的发展过程代表了中国现代管线钢技术进步的发展历程.在过去不到20年的时间里中国的管线钢从无到有、不断发展,在长输管道建设中应用的钢级从X52发展到X80,应用领域从沙漠、戈壁、高山、沼泽、平原等陆地发展到海洋,并试制了目前世界上强度等级最高的X120管线钢.宝钢用不到20年的时间跨越了国际管线钢将近50年的发展历程,极大地促进了中国现代高等级石油天然气管道建设的发展.     

厚板管线钢生产实践

随着管线安全可靠性要求的提高,高钢级直缝焊管已成为越来越多工程主要选择的材料。介绍了宝钢5m厚板生产线投产以来管线钢板的生产历程与主要工艺技术。针对管线钢生产过程中在厚度精度、终轧与终冷温度均匀性控制方面造成产品的主要质量问题,采取一系列措施加以解决。通过采用多块钢交叉轧制技术和合理设定控制轧制厚度等方式,实现了管线钢稳定的生产组织模式,提高了轧制板坯单重,管线钢产量大幅度提升,2005年3月投产至2009年,管线钢缴库量将近100万t,已为川气东送工程、中俄原油管道工程、上海LNG工程和西气东输二线工程等重大管线工程批量供货。     

攀钢X60级管线钢性能达国内先进水平

“攀钢X60级管线钢研制”课题最近通过国家冶金工业局鉴定。鉴定认为攀钢X60级管线钢力学性能达到国内宝钢和武钢同类产品水平,已具备大批量生产供货的条件。管线是长距离输送石油、天然气的最经济、最完全的工具。目前,世界上每年需要管线钢1000万t以上,我国需要40万t以上,有相当一部分要靠进口。为缓解国内管线钢的供需矛盾,丰富管线钢品种,攀钢根据生产工艺、设备和资源特点,研制开发了钒、铌、钛复合微合金化X60级管线钢。该钢在冶炼中采用包括攀钢专利技术在内的系列技术措施改善内部质量,在轧制中采用控轧控冷工艺保证板材良好的强…     

Development and application of Baosteel X80 large diameter UOE longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes

With the increase in energy demand,the demand for oil and gas transmission pipes,particularly high-grade longitudinal submerged arc welded pipes (LSAWs),have been growing in recent years.The construction of the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project shows that the oil and gas pipeline construction has entered a new phase of development with X80 pipes being applied in large scales for the first time in China.This paper briefly introduces the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project and its main technical requirements with the focus on the features of API standard 5L X80 grade  1219 mm series of U-ing-O-ing-Expanding (UOE) LSAW pipes,which Baosteel developed with the integrated technology for the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project.The analysis shows the extra-low carbon content,the high contents of manganese and niobium,the fine microstructure,the high strength,the toughness and the good weldability of X80 pipes meet the requirements of "the technical specification of LSAW linepipes for the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project in China".By the end of June 2010,Baosteel had totally produced 322000 t of  1219 mm X80 UOE steel pipes,which have been successfully used in the 2nd West-East natural gas transmission pipeline project,thus filling the gap of the production of large diameter X80 UOE LSAW pipes in China.     

Development and Application of High Performance X80 Line Pipe for the 2^nd West-East Gas Pipeline

It is the development tendency of gas pipeline to improve strength of line pipe and transmission pressure, which is an important symbol of the progress of gas pipeline technology. The 2nd West-East Gas Pipeline (the 2 nd WEGP) is the largest-scale X80 high pressure gas pipeline project in the world. Through the joint development project by Pipeline Company, research institute, and steel company, a series of achievements of technology have been obtained, which makes it possible to apply pressure of 12 MPa and X80 LSAW and HSAW pipe for the 2 nd WEGP. Specifications of X80 steel and pipe have been issued based on API 5L. High performance X80 steel and pipe have been developed and meets the Specification. General design conception of applying HSAW pipe and LSAW pipe on gas transmission trunk line with large diameter and high pressure has been established. Failure control of the 2 nd WEGP has been carried out to avoid failure and reduce the lost which based on analysis of pipeline failure mode. In this paper, research and development of high performance X80 welded pipe, establishment of technical route of joint application of HSAW and LSAW steel pipe and key technology of failure control are emphatically discussed.     

高韧性管线钢工艺优化研究

研究了高韧性管线用钢热变形过程中的变形奥氏体再结晶规律，轧后冷却过程中的相变规律，优化出实验用钢的合理控轧控冷工艺，采用该工艺，宝钢生产的Ｘ６０￣Ｘ６５级管线钢板的冲击韧性值提高了１倍以上，其综合力学性能达到甚至超过日本进口钢板的实物水平。     

Overview:Development of Clean Steel Production at Baosteel

The development of clean steel technology at Baosteel can be dated back to the first production of IF steels and pipeline steels in the early 1990s.Now the technology has gradually covered nearly the whole range of products.This progressive development is introduced in the overview including the levels of cleanliness for some steel grades at Baosteel.The technologies at different processes for the production of clean steel and the removal of some impurity elements in molten steel are also discussed.Suggestions are given on the future research and development of clean steel technology at Baosteel in the aim to keep a sustainable development,which should focus on the basic research,inclusion control and making efficient use of inclusions,as well as stable and reliable low-cost manufacturing technology,removal of harmful residual elements,and the expanding of the technology to stainless steels and special steels.     

高级别管线钢等温相变动力学研究

以X80、X100、X120管线钢为例,对高级别管线钢的等温相变规律进行了研究。利用热膨胀仪对X80、X100、X120级管线钢的等温相变规律进行研究,绘制了相应的TTT曲线,并结合贝氏体动力学进行分析。结果表明：3种级别管线钢等温相变后的组织差别不大,均以粒状贝氏体为主,有少量的板条贝氏体,板条均匀平直。X120管线钢的相变激活能为115.971kJ/mol,X100管线钢的相变激活能为104.388kJ/mol,X80管线钢的相变激活能为84.596kJ/mol。     

Experimental Research of Vanadium-Microalloyed X100 Pipeline Steels

In order to develop X100 pipeline steels with high strength and low temperature toughness,the steel bearing vanadium has been studied in the laboratory.The continuous cooling phase transformation behavior of the steel under deforming condition was investigated.The microstructure of the steel at different cooling rates was observed by microscope.Finally,by proper producing processes,the X100 pipeline steel was developed successfully in lab.The composition,processes,microstructure and properties have been analyzed and discussed.Experimental research results showed that the strength of X100 steel can be improved by reducing the cooling stop temperature.The tempering treatment after TMCP can improve the strength of vanadium-microalloyed X100 steel too,without change of the impact toughness.     

高强管线钢管自动环焊技术现状及宝钢研究进展

介绍当前油气输送管道及其环缝焊接技术发展概况,综述了X80高强管线钢管的开发应用及环缝焊接技术。管道工程建设的发展对自动环缝焊接技术提出了新的需求,其将成为今后管道环缝焊接领域的发展趋势,阐述了当前存在的各种自动环缝焊接方法。宝钢在开展管道环缝手工焊接与半自动焊接的基础上,将开展管道自动焊接技术研究,为用户提供技术支撑。     

高强度管线钢板X70的开发

对高强度管线钢的市场需求和国内外发展进行了分析,通过系列技术研究,韶钢开发的高强度管线钢X70实现批量供货．X70强度韧性指标达到西气东输二线要求．