一种运动目标位置合成的快速算法

研究用经纬仪测定运动目标位置过程中的有关问题。为保证算法的实时性,采用直线插值方法。根据非整数倍周期时的偏差量,给出偏差量在整数倍周期时的带有延时作为参数的表示式。利用这一表示式,在目标作匀加速运动的前提下提出了延时的辨识方法,从而解决了目标位置合成中的难题。     

光电经纬仪跟踪目标运动参数的一种确定方法

获取跟踪目标的运动速度、加速度可以预测目标后续的空间位置,对经纬仪持续捕获目标和地面武器系统攻击参数的确定具有重要的现实意义.在分析经纬仪跟踪空中目标原理的基础上,应用最小二乘曲线拟合法,建立目标在X,Y,Z方向的实时运动曲线方程,进而得到目标3个方向的速度、加速度与时间的函数关系,运用矢量运算确定了目标的瞬时速度、加速度参数.仿真了两台光电经纬仪交汇跟踪目标的跃升机动飞行,验证了上述方法的正确性.     

一种磁流变弹性体模型参数识别新方法及其应用研究

为了定量描述不同应变幅值、频率和磁场下磁流变弹性体(magnetorheological elastomer, MRE)的力学特性,提出了一种新的参数识别方法。采用Bouc-Wen模型表征MRE的非线性滞回特性,通过试验数据验证了模型有效性,基于对模型参数与应变幅值、频率和磁场的耦合关系分析,提出了多工况参数识别方法。将仿真值与试验值之间的误差作为目标函数,利用GA-PSO混合算法对Bouc-Wen模型参数进行识别,选用多种工况的试验数据验证识别结果。结果表明,多工况参数识别方法得到的模型参数表达式在较宽的应变幅值、频率和磁场范围内是准确的,能够反映MRE的力学特性。识别和非识别工况下MRE滞回曲线的仿真值与试验值吻合率高于93%,证明了多工况参数识别方法的有效性,该方法也可用于其他模型的参数识别。     

工效学研究中的人体运动跟踪技术

人体运动跟踪在工效学研究领域有着广泛的应用。文章综合介绍了实现人体运动跟踪的主要方法及其优缺点，重点介绍了光学式跟踪技术在运动学研究、动力学研究、仿真和人机交互研究中的具体应用，详细阐述了各类应用的原理和方法。     

一种干法密度测试新方法

探索采用三维光学测量技术,测试试件体积,结合电子天平计算出密度,与传统液体静力恒法相比,密度值差别在0.002g/cm2.     

一种电控喷油器动态时间参数测试系统研究

对电控喷油器动态开启与关闭过程进行了研究,详细分析了其动态工作过程,提出一种基于电控喷油器线圈电流变化测试其动态响应时间的测试方法。以C8051F310单片机为处理器,设计了喷油器开启与关闭响应时间的测试电路,开发了成本低、测试便捷、精度高的测试系统。测试结果表明,喷油器的开启与关闭的响应时间测量误差分别为0.9%和1.14%,满足喷油器相关研究工作的测试要求。     

一种基于投影算法的运动目标自动跟踪系统

提出了一种基于投影算法的运动目标跟踪系统设计方案,它适用于固定背景情况下单个运动目标的检测与跟踪,采用了双摄像头方案,既可以扩大场景的监视范围,又可以给出运动目标的近距离影像,引入了投影算法计算位移矢量,提高了计算速度和对背景变化的抗干扰能力,实验结果表明了方案的可行性和算法的稳健性。     

一种新型火炮后坐体运动参数智能测试系统

本文介绍了一种直接利用ＰＣ机和光栅式光电传感器构成的火炮后坐体运动参数智能测试系统。该系统充分发挥了ＰＣ机在软件编程，运行速度，硬件接口等方面的优势，直接用ＰＣ机测量火炮后坐体在射击过程中的运动位移，速度，加速度等参数。具体结构简单可靠，测试精度高，范围宽等特点。现已成功地应用于某火炮会体运动参数测试系统     

提高光电经纬仪跟踪快速运动目标能力的一种方法

考虑到系统稳定性，光电经纬仪跟踪伺服系统一般设计成Ⅰ型系统。Ⅰ型系统存在速度、加速度动态滞后误差。动态滞后误差的大小不但与跟踪系统有关，还与目标运动特性有关。在跟踪快速运动目标时，会因速度、加速度动态误差的增大，导致目标脱离视场，丢失目标。因此提高光电经纬仪跟踪快速运动目标的能力，一直是光电跟踪伺服系统努力的方向。本文给出了一种提高光电经纬仪跟踪快速运动目标的能力的方法：动态1 Ⅰ控制法，并利用SIMULINK建立了跟踪伺服系统动态1 Ⅰ控制法仿真模型。仿真结果表明动态1 Ⅰ控制法是一种提高光电经纬仪踊跃快速运动目标能力的有效方法。     

A new method of measuring the snow-surface temperature

Because a snow cover is so tenuous, measuring its surface temperature is not easy. The surface is illdefined and easily disturbed; invasive transducers commonly used for other surfaces are, thus, generally inappropriate for snow. We therefore describe a hygrometric method of measuring the snow-surface temperature. The advantages are that the method is non-invasive, that its accuracy depends only weakly on the surface structure, and that it is reliable even in bright sunlight. The key assumption is that the air at a snow surface is in saturation with the snow; the dew-point temperature of air right at the snow surface is thus the surface temperature. Consequently, under a fairly wide range of conditions we can, in effect, measure the surface temperature by measuring the dew-point temperature 10 cm above the surface. We develop a theoretical justification for the hygrometric measurement, discuss the meteorological parameters that affect the accuracy of the method, and compare hygrometer data with more traditional measurements.     

A new differential method of measuring liquid electrical conductivity

Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 68–69, April, 1990.     

A new method of measuring air leakage into steam condensers

This scheme measures the total pressure and temperature in air suction pipelines of steam condensers with air added in calibrated steps, for two different combinations of pumps. With the aid of steam tables, air partial pressures are plotted against added air leakages. This allows the leakage of the set to be found, and a temperature obtained from the plots shows whether the water vapour is saturated or superheated. The method is useful in routine checks, for showing how much of the leakage is into particular parts, so that remedial action can be taken, and for revealing if water temperatures are affecting pump displacements and augmenting air pressures within condensers, in which case fuel may be saved.     

A new cyclic loading method for measuring sheet fracture toughness

This paper reports on a new method for the measurement of sheet fracture toughness. In this method, samples cut in DENT geometry are cyclically loaded. The maximum load for each cycle is incremented after each cycle until the sample fractures. The work in the final cycle is then the work required to fracture the sample. The fracture toughness determined using the new cyclic technique is compared with that determined using the Essential Work of Fracture (EWF) technique, for samples with a wide range of fracture toughness, and it is shown that cyclic technique gives a fracture toughness around 8% lower than the EWF technique. For 3 samples, cyclic fracture toughness values were measured for ligament lengths from 3.3 to 14.0 mm and compared with the EWF fracture toughness in each case. The cyclic fracture toughness was found to be independent of the ligament length, except for very weak samples, and to be 5–10% lower than the EWF fracture toughness. The differences between the EWF and cyclic fracture toughnesses were probably due to the development of damage zones around the crack tips before the fracture. The advantages of the new cyclic technique over the EWF technique are that it requires less sample area as only one ligament length is required, is quicker and can be readily automated.     

一种基于运动模型的水下目标方位预处理方法

为了改善纯方位目标运动分析方法的性能,提出了一种水下目标方位预处理方法。该方法利用目标运动模型对观测方位序列进行预处理,经仿真验证,与常规的多项式拟合方法相比,能够有效降低水下目标方位观测量的估计误差,提高了目标运动分析的性能,可获得更高的运动参数估计精度。     

A new method for the electro-optical measuring of fast high voltage pulses

This report describes a new method for measuring fast high voltage electric pulses based on one particular application of the Kerr effect. This work was carried out in order to further the development of optical particle detectors. At the present time with our method, the minimum risetime of the measured pulse reaches the nanosecond domain while the maximum voltage is limited only by the physical dimension of the electro-optical transducer.The measuring principle chosen requires a new calibration method in order to reconstruct the observed signal.The use of nitrobenzol as the active liquid allows the continuous modification of the cell sensitivity over a ratio of 1 to 3 without changing the geometry of the cell.