尼龙静电纺丝应用研究的现状与展望

简要介绍了静电纺丝的历史及工作机理,总结了静电纺丝纤维的结构特点。详细介绍了尼龙静电纺丝的应用情况,包括空气过滤、污水处理、吸附分离、生物传感、抗菌材料、组织工程和智能穿戴等。讨论了尼龙静电纺丝面临的挑战和未来发展的前景。     

尼龙66与尼龙66纤维

尼龙商品名 Nyion 的音译。又译作耐纶。常指聚酰胺纤维,是合成纤维的一类,这类纤维很多,已工业生产的有尼龙6(聚己内酰胺)、尼龙9(聚壬酰胺)、尼龙11(聚ω—氨基+一酰胺)、尼龙66(聚己二酰己二胺)、尼龙410(聚癸二酰丁二胺)、尼龙1010(聚癸二酰癸二胺)。其中大量生产的是尼龙6和尼龙66。各种合成纤维具有较高的化学稳定性,耐光、耐水、耐高温、强度高、弹性好,应用广泛。用尼龙66制成的轮胎帘子线,     

尼龙66/石墨烯纳米复合材料的研究进展

尼龙66 (PA66)与石墨烯类炭材料的结合可以实现聚合物和石墨烯的协同作用,显示出多功能和高性能,拓展其应用范围.概述了PA66/石墨烯纳米复合材料的制备方法.详细介绍了石墨烯在PA66改性方面的研究与应用情况,包括提高力学性能、改善导热性能、实现阻燃性能、增强摩擦性能、赋予导电性能等.分析了存在的问题并展望了未来的...     

尼龙6/MYC共混物的熔融纺丝性能研究

用NYC对尼龙6进行改性,通过双螺杆挤出机共混造粒后再熔融纺丝,研究了改性尼龙6的性能。结果表明随着NYC含量增加尼龙6的结晶温度增加,而熔融温度和熔体流动速率降低;尼龙6纤维的最大可延伸比和不同倍率时的比强度都呈现先增加后减小的趋势,分别在NYC含量为0．5％时达到其最高值。     

尼龙6/尼龙66合金的性能研究

研究了相容剂、增韧剂对改性尼龙6／尼龙66合金性能的影响。研究结果表明，以EVA／PE－g－MAH为相容剂、以PA6和PA66为基料、以EAA及PE为得合增韧剂改性的PA6／PA66合金，其吸水率有较大降低，且综合性能较好。     

激光熔体静电纺丝研究进展

简述了静电纺丝法的发展历程及研究概况,比较了溶液静电纺丝法和熔体静电纺丝法的优缺点;详细介绍了激光熔体静电纺丝法的优势,总结了目前激光熔体静电纺丝法制备聚合物及复合物微纳米纤维的工艺条件如激光输出功率、应用电压以及聚合物的物理性质等对纤维直径的影响;简要介绍了线激光熔体静电纺丝装置;指出目前激光熔体静电纺丝法制得的多为...     

PA66／PA1010共混物的研究

研究了以硅烷类化合物为偶联剂的PA66/PA1010共混物。试验结果表明:PA66和PA1010具有很好的相容性,偶联剂用量在0.5％～0.7％时效果最佳;采用5％～10％PA1010与PA66共混可获得较高的机械性能。     

国内尼龙6、尼龙66产业的发展现状

介绍了国内尼龙产业的整体情况,同时着重介绍了尼龙6和尼龙66上下游产业的技术情况.目前国内尼龙6技术基本成熟,而尼龙66的技术还不成熟,主要原因是原材料己二腈未国产化,长期受到国外制约.介绍了现阶段国内正在积极开展的相关研究和中试进展,最后提出今后国内尼龙产业的需求和发展建议.     

世界尼龙6和尼龙66市场分析预测

1 尼龙纤维需求量分析预测尼龙长丝需求量 :1999年尼龙长丝需求量达到 340万吨 ,在世界范围内上升了 2 % ,2 0 0 0年上升了 3% ,预计长期每年增长率在 2 %左右 ,2 0 0 1年需求量达到 36 0万吨 ,在 2 0 0 0年的基础上上升了 4 % ,2 0 10年预计将可达到 4 2 0万吨。尼龙短纤需求量 :尼龙短纤需求量目前低于6 0万ｔ/ａ ,处于持续下滑的趋势。 1999年下降了2 % ,2 0 0 0年下降 2 % ,2 0 10年将呈进一步下降的趋势。每年以低于 2 %的速率持续下滑 ,到 2 0 10年将会下降到 4 5 0万吨。尼龙树脂需求量 :1999年尼龙树脂需求量增长 9% ,达到 16 0万吨…     

世界尼龙6和尼龙66市场分析预测

1.尼龙纤维需求量分析预测 尼龙长丝需求量:1999年尼龙长丝需求量达到340万吨,在世界范围内上升了2％,2000年上升了3％,预计长期每年增长率在2％左右,2001年需求量达到360万吨,在2000年的基础上上升了4％,2010年预计将可达到420万吨。 尼龙短纤需求量:尼龙短纤需求量目前低于60万t/a,处于持续下滑的趋势。1999年下降了2％,2000年下降2％,2010年将呈进一步下降的     

Amine-terminated nylon 6/66/1010 (AM-6/66/1010) used for hot melt adhesives: synthesis and properties

A new amine-terminated nylon 6/66/1010 (AM-6/66/1010) copolyamide hot melt adhesive with the molecular weight of 21,000–96,000 Da was synthesized and blocked with 1-hexadecylamine. The AM-6/66/1010 samples were characterized by ¹H-NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermal gravimetric analysis, and gel permeation chromatography. The ¹H-NMR spectroscopy demonstrated that 1-hexadecylamine functions as blocking agent in this polymerization. The DSC thermograms showed that the extra peak (peak (II)) and the melting peak (peak (I)) of AM-6/66/1010 are moving left and the glass transition temperature of AM-6/66/1010 decreases as the mole ratio α_H/C (1-hexadecylamine/total carboxyl) increases. The thermal gravimetric analysis indicated that AM-6/66/1010 hot melt adhesive has a high thermal stability. The peel strength of the test specimen obtained by hot melt glutinous lining of AM-6/66/1010 or AC-6/66/1010 and fabric 6535 (65% PET, 35% cotton) was studied using T-peel tests, and the results showed that the washable and dry-cleaning resistant of AM-6/66/1010 copolyamide hot melt adhesive is better than that of carboxyl-terminated nylon 6/66/1010 (AC-6/66/1010) copolyamide hot melt adhesive.     

Toughened nylon66/nylon6 ternary nanocomposites by elastomers

The elastomer toughening of PA66/PA6 nanocomposites prepared from the organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT) was examined as a means of balancing stiffness/strength versus toughness/ductility. Several different formulations varying in OMMT content were made by mixing of PA6 and OMMT as a master‐batch and then blending it with PA66 and different elastomers in a twin screw extruder. In this sequence, the OMMT layers were well exfoliated in the nylon alloy matrix. The introduction of silicate layers with PA6 induced the appearance of the γ crystal phase in the nanocomposites, which is unstable and seldom appears in PA66 at room temperature and it further affected the morphology and dispersion of rubber phase resulting in much smaller rubber particles. The incorporation of POE‐g‐MA particles toughened the nanocomposites markedly, but the tensile modulus and strength were both reduced. Conversely, the use of OMMT increased the modulus but decreased the fracture toughness. The nanocomposites exhibited balanced stiffness and toughness. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Vibration welding of nylon 6 to nylon 66

Vibration welding of dissimilar nylons is a promising technique for assembling complex components made of different polymers. The effects of pressure and meltdown on the tensile strength of nylon 6 (PA 6) to nylon 66 (PA 66) vibration welds were determined in this study using an experimental design and three weld geometries. Weld strengths were generally improved by increasing meltdown and decreasing weld pressure. The weld strength was also shown to vary with the position of the lower melting material for T‐welds. Using differential scanning calorimentry and fracture surface analyses, it is concluded that for all geometries, higher weld strengths can be achieved when both materials are melted. Polym. Eng. Sci. 44:760–771, 2004. © 2004 Society of Plastics Engineers.     

Miscibility in poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide/nylon 6 and nylon 66 molecular composites

Miscibility and crystallization of poly-p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPTA)/nylon 6 and nylon 66 composites prepared by coagulation of isotropic ternary sulfuric acid solutions were studied. The apparent crystallinity of nylon 6 and nylon 66 in molecular composites was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The solvation of nylon 6 crystals in PPTA matrix was observed when the PPTA content exceeds 70 wt%. Cross-hydrogen bonding seems to be responsible for the virtual disappearance of nylon 6 crystals. Specific interaction between PPTA and nylon 6 macromolecules and phase separation during thermal treatment has been discussed.     

二元聚酰胺对丁腈橡胶／三元聚酰胺TPV结晶行为及性能的影响

研究了二元聚酰胺对丁腈橡胶／三元聚酰胺热塑性弹性体性能的影响。结果表明：二元聚酰胺对三元聚酰胺有成核剂效果；二元聚酰胺的加入可加速TPV中塑料相的结晶速率、减小其晶粒尺寸、增大结晶度，从而显著提高TPV的100％定伸应力及耐溶剂性。     

锦纶66与锦纶6帘线的性能对比

对锦纶66与锦纶6帘线的性能进行对比。与锦纶6帘线相比，锦纶66帘线具有良好的基本耐热性能、尺寸稳定性及耐高温性能，在受热状态下的断裂强力保持率较高；用其生产轮胎时可提高硫化温度，缩短硫化时间，提高生产效率，而轮胎使用寿命长，安全性和耐久性较优。     

Structure–microhardness correlation in blends of nylon 6/nylon 66 monofilaments

The microstructure (crystallinity, long spacing) and the micromechanical properties (microhardness H) of two series of nylon 6 and nylon 66 monofilaments and their blends were investigated as a function of annealing temperature T_A and uniaxial deformation in a wide composition range. In case of the homopolymers, the gradual rise of microhardness with T_A is interpreted in the light of the increasing values of the crystallinity α and the hardness of the crystals H_c. The depression of the hardness values of the blends from the additive behavior of the hardness of individual components is discussed in the basis of the crystallinity depression of one component by the second one and viceversa. Finally, the influence of drawing and pressing the blends at 130°C which leads to a hardness increase is also explained in the light of an increase in the H_c value of nylon 66 due to orientation. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 636–643, 2000     

Comparison of nanocomposites based on nylon 6 and nylon 66

Nylon 6 and nylon 6,6 organoclay nanocomposites were prepared by melt processing using a twin screw extruder. The effects of polyamide type and processing temperature on the mechanical properties and the morphology of the nanocomposites were examined. Mechanical properties, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), percentage crystallinity and isothermal thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) data are reported. A particle analysis was performed to quantitatively characterize the morphology; these results are later employed in modeling the modulus of these materials using composite theory. No significant difference was observed in the mechanical properties and morphology of PA-6 nanocomposites processed at two different temperatures. PA-6 nanocomposites had superior mechanical properties than those made from PA-66. The tensile strength of PA-66 nanocomposites deviated from linearity at high levels of MMT. WAXD and TEM results show that the PA-6 nanocomposites are better exfoliated than the PA-66 nanocomposites, which exhibit a mixture of intercalated and exfoliated structures. Mechanical properties were consistent with the morphology. DSC reveals a higher percentage of crystallinity in the PA-66 samples. Isothermal TGA shows only a 5% difference in the degradation of the organic modifier on the organoclay processed at 240 °C versus 270 °C. Particle analysis shows a higher average particle length and thickness, and a lower average particle density and aspect ratio in nanocomposites based on PA-66 versus PA-6. The Halpin-Tsai and Mori-Tanaka composite theories predict satisfactorily the behavior of the PA-6 nanocomposites, while the PA-66 nanocomposites were predicted acceptably up to a certain volume fraction where the non-linear behavior takes effect. All the results indicate that there is a lower degree of exfoliation in the nanocomposites produced with a PA-66 matrix apparently stemming from the chemical differences between PA-6 and PA-66.     

Properties and morphologies of PVC/nylon terpolymer blends

A new kind of blends of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/nylon terpolymer was reported in this article. Two compatibilizers were used in this study: one is a terpolymer of ethylene–n‐butyl acrylate–monoxide (EnBACO); the other is terpolymer of EnBACO grafted with maleic anhydride (EnBACO‐g‐MAH). The observation of scanning electron microscope (SEM) reveals that the PVC/nylon terpolymer blends have a two‐phase structure; and the nylon terpolymer phase is the continuous phase, and PVC domains in the PVC/nylon terpolymer/EnBACO‐g‐MAH blends have fine dispersion over a broad range of the PVC/nylon terpolymer ratio. EnBACO‐g‐MAH is more compatible with the nylon terpolymer than EnBACO. EnBACO and EnBACO‐g‐MAH have different effects on the glass transition temperatures of the PVC phase and nylon terpolymer phase in the blends. The notched Izod impact strength, tensile strength, elongation at break, Vicat softening temperature (VST), and melt flow index (MFI) critically depend on PVC/nylon terpolymer ratio, the kinds and concentration of the compatibilizers. The PVC/nylon terpolymer/EnBACO‐g‐MAH blends display a good combination of high toughness, high flowability, and high VST under low load. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 2823–2832, 2001