离子色谱法测定焦化废水中的阴离子

建立了离子色谱法测定焦化废水中多种阴离子的方法.比较了液液萃取、真空抽滤、固相萃取3种处理方法.用电导检测器同时测定了焦化废水中的F-、Cl-、N02-、N03-、PO43--含量.离子色谱法的回收率为69％～110％,相对标准偏差为0.13％～3.6％.     

聚酯切片中锌离子含量测定分析方法的建立

建立了二甲基亚砜溶解-EDTA络合滴定法进行聚酯切片中锌离子含量的测定,相对标准偏差0.90％ ～5.08％,加标回收率结果93.8％ ～109.0％,分析时间在1 h之内.     

离子色谱法测定化工生产废水中的溴离子和氯酸根离子

采用离子色谱法对化工生产废水中的溴离子和氯酸根离子进行了有效的分离和测定.通过实验确定最佳色谱条件:淋洗液浓度为3.6 mmol/L Na2CO3,流速为0.8 mL/min,色谱柱为Metrosep A Sup 7-250/4.0,柱温45℃.利用该检测方法测定溴离子加标回收率为85％～105％,氯酸根离子加标回收率...     

离子色谱法测定镀液中的六价铬离子

建立了用单柱阴离子色谱测定镀液中六价铬离子的方法.采用HPIC-CS5阴离子交换柱,以5.0 mmol/L碳酸钠和1.0 mmol/L碳酸氢钠的混合溶液作为流动相,电导检测器在20 min内完成镀液中六价铬的测定.该法具有良好的线性(相关系数约为0.996)和重复性(相对标准偏差小于5％),回收率在93％ ～107％的...     

离子色谱测定铬酸钾中微量硫酸根和氯离子

建立了一种用于测定化学试剂铬酸钾中的微量硫酸根和氯离子抑制型离子色谱分析法.采用3.2 mmol/L碳酸钠和1.0 mmol/L碳酸氢钠溶液作为缓冲液,流速0.7 mL/min、4 mL/L稀硫酸水溶液作为抑制再生液,进样体积20 μL.该法建立的氯离子和硫酸根离子的线性范围分别为0.01 ～1.0 mg/L和0.1～10.0 mg/L,线性系数r均＞0.999,氯离子和硫酸根离子的检出限为0.5和5 μg/L(以溶液浓度计),精密度分别为2.15％和1.94％(n=8),加标回收率分别在99.2％～100.0％和97.9％～99.9％.该法操作简单、准确、快速.可以用于常规铬酸钾试剂中微量硫酸根和氯离子的定性与定量分析.     

离子色谱法测定降水中的阳离子

采用离子色谱法对降水中的阳离子进行测定,实验结果表明,5种阳离子的检出限在0.001～0.003mg· L-1之间,加标回收率在96.0％～104.5％之间,相对标准偏差均小于5％.用离子色谱法测定降水中的阳离子,操作简单、快捷,具有良好的准确度和精密度,灵敏度高,实验结果令人满意.     

离子色谱法测定甲基亚磺酸钠中的氯离子和硫酸根离子

建立了抑制电导检测离子色谱法同时测定甲基亚磺酸钠中氯离子和硫酸根离子的方法.Cl-和SO42-分别在0.2～25 mg/L(r=0.9999)和0.1～10 mg/L(r=0.999 6)浓度范围内线性关系良好,甲基亚磺酸钠中Cl-和SO42-的方法平均回收率分别为102％(RSD为0.36％)和101％(RSD为0.61％),检出限分别为0.011和0.014 mg/L.该方法具有线性范围良好、检出限低、操作简便、可靠等优点,可作为甲基亚磺酸钠中的Cl-和SO42-质量控制方法.     

高效离子色谱仪测定工业锅炉水中阴离子含量

采用化学抑制-电导-离子色谱法测定工业锅炉水中阴离子,分离柱温度控制在30C,以4.5 mmol/L Na2CO3、0.8 mmol/L NaHCO3为淋洗液,流速1.2 mL/min,6种阴离子在22.20 min完成检测.各离子的检出限0.002 ～ 0.01 mg/L,本法精密度小于2％,线性范围较宽,水样中各阴离子的平均加标回收率98.5％～101.6％.该法适合工业锅炉水中阴离子含量测定.     

目视比色法快速测定离子膜法烧碱中的三氧化二铁

根据目视比色法反应原理,建立了简便、快捷、可靠的30％ 、45％离子膜法烧碱中三氧化二铁含量的测定方法,已应用于实际样品测定.     

离子色谱法同时测定化学抛光液中的4种有机酸

建立了化学抛光液中甲酸、草酸、酒石酸、氨三乙酸等4种有机酸的离子色谱?抑制电导测定方法.采用IonPac AS11分析柱(250 mm×4 mm)和IonPac AG11保护柱(50 mm×4 mm),柱温30°C,以20 mmol/L氢氧化钠水溶液为洗脱液,在1.00 mL/min的流速下洗脱,4种酸可得到很好的分离.再结合AERS-500阴离子抑制器和电导检测器,测定了4种酸的含量.甲酸、草酸、酒石酸、氨三乙酸的质量浓度与其离子色谱峰面积有良好的线性关系,检出限分别为0.01、0.08、0.02和0.05 mg/L,加标回收率在92.4％ ～107.3％范围内,相对标准偏差在0.70％ ～4.56％范围内.该方法前处理简便,能同时测定化学抛光液中上述4种有机酸的含量,可用于在线测定和控制.     

混合离子的鉴定

对常见未知物的鉴别和未知离子的鉴定可作为无机化学实验中的一个开放型设计实验的课题。本课题的实践过程,均由设计者自行设计与实验。在设计与实验中,设计者根据所学的元素化学知识,进行常见物质及离子的鉴别、鉴定。     

Chemical States of Implanted Aluminum Ions in Silica and Silicon Ions in Alumina

Aluminum and silicon ions have been implanted in silica glass and α-alumina single crystal, respectively, to doses ranging from 1 × 10¹⁵ to 1 × 10¹⁷ ions·cm^-2. The chemical states of these implanted ions have been studied by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. It is found that the implanted aluminum atoms are coordinated only by oxygen atoms, irrespective of implantation dose. On the other hand, the implanted silicon atoms are coordinated only by oxygen atoms at low doses and by both oxygen and silicon atoms at high doses. Although the chemical state of the aluminum atoms is unchanged by heat treatment, that of the silicon atoms is changed toward a less positively charged state. It is inferred that the chemical states of the implanted atoms are controlled by the transport process, although these tend to obey the thermodynamic stability.     

铜离子和镍离子对绿泥石的抑制作用及机理

通过浮选实验、动电位测量、ICP离子浓度测试及溶液化学计算,研究铜离子和镍离子对绿泥石浮选的影响,并考察其作用机理.结果表明,绿泥石具有一定的天然可浮性,一定pH值条件下铜离子和镍离子能够水解生成亲水的氢氧化物沉淀,通过静电作用吸附在绿泥石表面,抑制绿泥石的浮选;在较高pH条件下,生成的氢氧化物沉淀与绿泥石表面电性相同,吸附量较少,抑制效果较弱.     

Dissolved-Air Flotation of Metal Ions

Abstract

Metal ions (copper, nickel, zinc, and ferric ions) were separated from dilute aqueous solutions by dissolved-air flotation. The ions were either precipitated as sulfides or floated (as ions) by xanthates. Copper and nickel were selectively separated; promising results were obtained with single, binary, and ternary mixtures. The effect of several parameters (solution pH, addition of chemical reagents at varying concentrations, and the presence of other ions) on the removal of ions was studied. The collectorless flotation of copper ions was also investigated.     

Selective Floatation of Inorganic Ions

Abstract

On the basis of both the literature data and the results of our own studies, some chemical and physicochemical aspects of selective flotation of inorganic ions was discussed. Classification of properties and events that determine the flotated ion separation, such as ionic charge, base-acid equilibria, complexation processes, solubility of ion-collector compounds, and ion affinity to surfactants have been described and exemplified.     

Foam Fractionation of Negative Ions

Abstract

Negatively charged ions can be separated successfully by foam fractionation. Among them, free cyanide ions were removed by cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide or a similar compound. At low concentrations (<5 mg/L), quantitative removal of free cyanide ions was observed. Further observations revealed that when the concentration was increased to 57 mg/L, a reduction in concentration equivalent to 47% could be achieved. Finally, a correlation between cyanide separation and surfactant concentration was found.     

杯芳烃衍生物与碱金属离子、碱土金属离子配合的研究进展

杯芳烃衍生物作为"第三代超分子",对金属离子有着优异的结合力和选择性,已广泛用于金属离子的萃取、离子色谱、催化、跨膜运输、离子通道以及自组装分子层等领域。综述了近年来杯芳烃及其衍生物与金属离子,主要是碱金属、碱土金属阳离子配合的最新进展。     

三维电极法去除配位电镀废水中的镍离子和铜离子

将颗粒状活性炭作为三维电极的粒子,采用三维电极法去除配位电镀废水中的镍离子和铜离子。考察了pH值、电流、极板间距、炭水比(粒子电极活性炭与处理水量的体积比)对镍离子和铜离子去除率的影响。在设定的范围内,镍离子和铜离子的去除率随pH值的升高呈现先升后降的变化趋势,随电流和炭水比的增大而升高,随极板间距的增大而降低。当废水中镍离子和铜离子的初始质量浓度分别为82.309 3mg/L和52.761 5mg/L、活性炭的体积为1 000mL、处理时间为2.0h时,最佳的处理工艺条件为:pH值4、电流0.6A,极板间距20cm,炭水比10∶9。此时,镍离子和铜离子的去除率分别为83.40%和86.20%。出水经过混凝沉淀后,镍离子和铜离子的去除率分别达到99.87%和99.68%,在出水中的质量浓度分别为0.107 2mg/L和0.169 3mg/L,出水水质达到《电镀污染物排放标准》(GB 21900—2008)中表2的排放限值。     

Biosorptive Flotation in Metal Ions Recovery

Abstract

Heavy metals can be removed from dilute aqueous solutions in many ways. Among the innovative ones may be classified a process consisting of biosorption followed by flotation. A metal cation, cadmium, was examined; the metal was abstracted by microorganisms belonging to the Actinomycetes, i.e., Streptomyces clavuligerus and Streptomyces griseus, which have a filamentous morphology, and hence present a flocculent character. Dissolved-air flotation was the technique applied on a laboratory scale without the addition of any flotation surfactant. The parameters investigated in the batch mode were contact time, recycle ratio, solution pH, Cd concentration, biomass addition, and use of a frother (ethanol). Promising results were obtained; in certain cases an almost quantitative cadmium abstraction, followed by higher than 90% biomass recovery, was found.     

镀铜溶液中硫酸铜、铁离子及氯离子测定方法的改进

传统酸性镀铜溶液中硫酸铜、铁离子、氯离子的测定方法不是很理想，现提供一种方法可准确测定硫酸铜、铁离子、氯离子的含量，分析方法受杂质干扰少，结果准确，便于生产中对Cl的控制，此方法一直应用，现提供大家参考。