对称延拓小波变换矩阵用于FRIT去噪

给出了对称延拓方式下有限长信号不需逐级计算而直接得到小波系数的分解矩阵和由这些小波系数重构原信号的重构矩阵的构造方法,并给出了常用的相应于9/7小波的分解矩阵和重构矩阵及其基向量,它们可广泛用于基于小波的图像分块处理中.作为一种应用实例,将构造的小波变换矩阵用于FRIT图像去噪,不仅计算大大简化,而且相对于周期延拓的小波变换而言边界效应明显减少.     

一个优化小波块量化矩阵的算法

小波变换以其良好的空间－频率局部特性,在图像编码标准JPEG2000和MPEG4中占据了重要位置.本文选用正交小波基对图像做小波变换,然后重新组织小波系数成小波块,最后提出了一个构造小波块量化矩阵以产生最优比特分配的算法.本算法用一种新的方式统计小波系数分布,并结合人体视觉系统的特点,采用动态策略在很大的比特率范围内产生最优的小波块量化矩阵.     

数据矩阵存在ESPRIT结构的一个定理及DM-ESPRIT算法

用传感阵列数据直接构成一定形式的数据矩阵仍具有ESPRIT[1]结构（EstimationofSignalparametersViaRotationalInvarianceTechniques），而不象过去用传感数据的空间协方差矩阵构成矩阵束．本文发现这一论断的存在定理并给出证明．基于这一定理产生了“数据矩阵的旋转不变性信号参数估计方法—DM－ESPRIT”算法．文章讨论了其优良的抗相关和抗噪声性能，并给出了计算机模拟结果．在性能模拟过程中还发现了DM－ESPRIT算法最优传感阵元数．     

小波变换Mallat算法的ADSP21160实现

小波变换是分析非稳定信号的一种非常有效的方法。Mallat快速算法使得小波变换的广泛应用成为现实。在实时信号的处理中，利用DSP实现小波变换受到了特别的关注。文章简单介绍了小波变换的Mauat算法，详细阐述了在ADSP21160上实现Mallat算法的方法，同时介绍了ADSP 21160的基本特点及其集成开发环境。最后给出了应用ADSP 21160集成开发环境的对Mallat算法的仿真结果。     

一种适合JPEG2000的离散小波变换VLSI统一结构

提出了一种基于提升算法(1ifting)的离散小波变换(DWT)统一结构。它无需额外的边界延拓过程，经配置后可适用于JPEG2000中的无损或有损小波变换。通过将边界延拓过程内嵌于离散小波变换中，可以降低功耗，减少所需内存。为了达到更高的处理速度和硬件利用率，采用了流水线和折叠结构。这种高效紧凑的离散小波变换结构适用于JPEG2000编码器和各种实时图像／视频应用系统．     

基于内插阵列变换的非圆信号MUSIC算法

针对非圆信号的波达方向(DOA)估计问题,提出一种基于内插阵列变换的非圆信号MUSIC算法(VIA-NC-MUSIC算法)。利用真实阵列流型与虚拟阵列流型之间的变换矩阵,将真实协方差矩阵变换为虚拟协方差矩阵,再对虚拟协方差矩阵进行奇异值分解(SVD),利用信号子空间与噪声子空间的正交性,得出算法的空间谱函数。仿真实验表明:存在阵元位置误差的情况下,新算法通过对阵元位置校准数据进行内插阵列变换(VIA),取得与阵元位置校准的非圆信号MUSIC算法(NC-MUSIC算法)相当的估计性能,保持了高估计精度、阵列扩展能力等优点。     

正交小波变换中边界的零延拓及其无失真恢复

在有限长信号的小波变换中,一般说来零延拓不是一种好边界处理方法,但对有些类别的小波,零延拓却能带来处理上的很大方便和收到良好的一文主要探讨了正交小波中低通滤波器ｈπ的支撑为「０,Ｍ」的小波变换的边界处理问题,提出了零延拓展是其较好的选择,我们首先利用小波变换的性质证明了一个有意义的结论：然后由这个结论证明了这类小波边界零延拓的可完全恢复性,并给出了一种无失真恢复算法,最后把这种方法与其它边界处理方     

基于二维双树复小波变换的无人机个体识别

在无人机个体识别中,直接用双谱矩阵进行个体识别要计算复杂的二维模板,运算效率低。针对这一不足,提出了一种基于二维双树复小波变换的二次特征提取算法。该算法将双谱分解成多个方向子带图并计算其能量和能量偏差,将维度较高的双谱矩阵高效地转换为维数较低的图像纹理特征,再将其送入支持向量机实现无人机个体识别。采用实采的Phantom 3 Advanced与Mavic Pro图传信号对算法进行验证,结果表明,基于二维双树复小波变换比直接用双谱矩阵进行分类的运算效率高21倍,准确率相较于基于积分双谱、基于灰度共生矩阵、基于小波变换法有不同程度的提升,满足准确性和实时性的需求。     

一种基于正交多小波的自适应均衡算法

该文提出了用正交多小波来表示均衡器,由于多小波可同时具有正交性、紧支性和线性相位等特点,因此经多小波变换后所得到的信号相关阵的稀疏化估计与单小波变换相比非零元素较少,边界效应减小,基于此,文中给出了正交多小波变换域的一种Newton-LMS类自适应均衡算法,其计算复杂性可通过有预处理的共轭梯度法进一步降低为O(N log N),仿真结果表明了该算法收敛速度较快,且易于实时实现。     

内插阵列变换扩展传播算子算法

扩展传播算子(EPM)算法是首先对数据进行扩展,再利用传播算子(PM)方法进行测向的一种算法,该算法充分利用了非圆信号的特点,分辨力和估计精度优于未充分利用非圆信号信息的经典高分辨算法。但是在实际信号测向中,由于阵元位置误差的存在,算法的估计性能会受到一定的影响。因此提出一种基于内插阵列变换的扩展传播算子(VIA-EPM)算法,该算法利用真实阵列流型与虚拟阵列流型之间的变换矩阵,将真实协方差矩阵变换为虚拟协方差矩阵,再对虚拟协方差矩阵进行分块并得出扩展传播算子,进而得出算法的空间谱函数。仿真实验表明:在存在阵元位置误差的情况下,新算法通过对阵元位置校准数据进行内插阵列变换(VIA),取得与阵元位置校准的EPM算法相当的估计性能,保持了阵列扩展能力以及高估计精度,在低信噪比情况下,基于扩展协方差矩阵的VIA-EPM算法的分辨力以及估计精度均要优于基于扩展数据矩阵的VIA-EPM算法。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.