基于ABAQUS超声振动钻削系统变幅杆模态分析

超声振动钻削是孔精密加工的新技术,其系统中的变幅杆对孔的加工具有重要影响。首先介绍了变幅杆的工作原理,之后应用ABAQUS软件对变幅杆进行三维建模和模态分析,根据分析结果得到变幅杆最佳振型频率。最后,在有与无超声振动辅助下钻削45号钢,对比分析孔加工质量。通过结果分析,在最佳振型频率下,孔表面质量更好。     

超声辅助枪钻钻削系统的设计和分析

针对枪钻在钻削塑性金属材料时,易形成连续不断的切屑,周期性堵塞排屑,甚至导致钻杆被扭断,严重影响孔加工的表面质量,提出对枪钻整体施加超声纵向振动的方案。通过对枪钻施加超声纵向振动,实现枪钻钻削时的周期性断屑,提高枪钻的寿命和孔加工的质量。利用传输矩阵法设计出超声辅助枪钻钻削机构中的换能器、变幅杆、旋转夹具以及刀具,通过SolidWorks软件建模,并应用ANSYS Workbench软件对设计的结构进行模态和谐振分析,验证了超声钻削机构设计的准确性。     

深小孔超声轴向振动钻削装置设计与研究

基于振动钻削机理,针对深小孔振动钻削设计了一套超声轴向振动钻削装置,利用有限元方法对变幅杆动力学特性进行了仿真分析,并在设计研制的超声轴向振动装置上进行了深小孔振动钻削与普通钻削对比试验。试验结果表明设计的试验装置满足深小孔轴向振动钻削加工要求,且振动钻削加工深小孔具有较小上下孔径差和表面粗糙度值,与普通钻削相比能够获得更好的加工质量和工艺效果。     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的超声振动钻削试验研究

在分析振动切削基本原理的基础上,采用了超声振动钻削的方法对金属基复合材料进行孔加工。借助自行研制的超声钻削设备,通过使用不同材质的硬质合金麻花钻,对两种不同含量的SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料进行了普通钻削与超声振动钻削的对比试验。从复合材料的破碎形式、超声振动钻削力、钻头磨损以及孔的加工质量等4个方面对超声振动钻削复合材料的特性进行了研究。结果表明,轴向超声振动钻削能够提高入钻的定位精度及孔的表面质量,有效地改善钻头横刃的磨损,同时,钻削扭矩较普通钻削降低约30%。     

超声振动钻削装置的设计与加工分析

针对孔钻削加工质量不高的问题,选择振动方式,确定钻削结构,设计得到超声振动钻削装置。通过三维建模,然后进行模态分析,研究不同阶数的振型,得到最佳振动频率,为装置制造打下理论基础。使用所设计的超声振动钻削装置钻削45号钢,对孔壁形貌进行对比分析,确认这一钻削装置可以提高孔壁的表面质量。     

超声振动钻削SiCp/Al的表面形成机理研究

采用超声振动辅助对SiCp/Al进行钻削加工,研究了超声振动条件下钻削加工的表面形成机理,讨论了超声振动辅助实现表面质量改善的工艺条件,并分析了表面缺陷的主要形式及其形成机理。结果表明:采用超声振动钻削加工能明显改善表面粗糙度和表面形貌,减少表面缺陷;在高钻削速度和大振幅超声振动的条件下,能在钻削过程中形成表面磨抛效应,进而显著改善孔表面质量;超声振动钻削中表面缺陷的主要形式有涂抹、耕犁、划痕、凹坑以及粘附。     

微细深孔超声轴向振动钻削装置的设计

超声振动钻削属于脉冲式的断续切削。在深孔加工方面具有普通孔加工技术无法比拟的工艺效果。文章介绍了作者基于高频振动切削原理设计的一台超声轴向振动钻削装置的结构。并将该装置用于立式加工中心上对铝、铜等材料进行了切削加工实验。实验结果表明，超声振动加工可提高微细深孔的加工精度和表面质量。这种方法特别适合于软质材料的微细深孔的精密和超精密加工。     

复合材料超声振动低损伤制孔技术研究

为了研究碳纤维复合材料超声振动加工机理,本文提出了直角切削三维细观有限元方法并开展了手持式超声制孔实验。首先,基于直角-斜角切削转换关系构建热力耦合有限元模型进行普通和超声振动直角切削仿真,实现对制孔损伤如纤维断裂、基体破坏及纤维-基体界面脱粘的预测,研究了振动频率如幅值和频率对切削力的影响规律;然后,基于四组特殊纤维方向角的有限元仿真结果,进行了能量分析以量化不同能量耗散机制在普通和超声振动直角切削下的百分比,结合切屑形貌对比,针对为何超声振动能减小钻削力及提高制孔质量进行了剖析。最后,基于仿真获取的振动参数影响规律开展了普通钻削及超声振动钻削的对比实验,并对钻削力与亚表面损伤情况进行了对比。结果表明,基于有限元仿真获取合理的振动参数,有助于实际加工应用中减小钻削力及提高加工质量。     

超声复合变幅杆的设计与研究

在轴向超声振动钻削中,要实现整个声振系统的谐振,变幅杆的设计至关重要.为此就超声复合变幅杆的结构进行分析,设计制造出用于小直径超声振动钻削的复合变幅杆,并应用该变幅杆进行声振系统的试振,试振证明效果良好,能满足小直径深孔超声振动钻削的要求.     

调幅式振动刀柄的设计与有限元仿真分析

设计了一种调幅式轴向低频振动刀柄,分析了振动刀柄的整体结构布局及其工作原理.采用机床主轴旋转运动作为动力输入,带动正弦曲面旋转以实现振幅输出,基于两组正弦曲面相位差实现刀柄振幅调节.基于GH4169高温合金材料,运用ABAQUS有限元软件进行了三维钻削仿真试验,对比分析了GH4169高温合金在普通钻削和轴向低频振动钻削下轴向力和钻削扭矩之间的差异.结果 表明:GH4169高温合金轴向低频振动钻削可以降低最大轴向力约46％,降低最大钻削扭矩约73％,可显著改善钻削条件,提高孔加工质量.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.