磁性石墨烯泡沫的制备及对Cu2 的吸附性能研究 ?

本文以氧化石墨烯为前驱体,采用溶剂热法制备了磁性石墨烯泡沫 (MGF) 复合物。用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜 (TEM) 及场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM) 等对其进行了表征。在不同的实验参数 (铜离子初始质量浓度、反应时间和温度)下,研究了复合物对水溶液中铜离子的吸附性能。结果表明：Fe3O4成功复合到了石墨烯上且为三维泡沫结构;复合物对铜离子吸附量可达49.20 mg⁄g;吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。磁性复合物可以借助外部磁场实现快速磁分离。     

磁性三乙烯四胺氧化石墨烯对Cu2+的吸附行为

为了提高氧化石墨烯(GO)的吸附能力和分离效果,采用恒温搅拌法和水热法制备磁性三乙烯四胺氧化石墨烯(M-T-GO)复合吸附剂。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和透射电镜(TEM)测试方法对其进行表征,并对M-T-GO对Cu²⁺的pH、吸附动力学、吸附等温线和吸附热力学进行研究。结果表明,M-T-GO对Cu²⁺的吸附符合二级反应动力学和Langmuir吸附等温式描述,吸附反应为自发吸热过程,饱和吸附量为245.09 mg·g^-1,同时具有快速分离和易再生的优点。采用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)推测M-T-GO对Cu²⁺的吸附机理,结果表明M-T-GO主要通过螯合作用和静电引力对Cu²⁺进行吸附。     

磁性石墨烯对铀的吸附性能研究

利用氧化石墨烯和Fe Cl3·6H2O制备了磁性氧化铁材料(GNs-Fe3O4),并利用扫描电镜进行了形貌表征。将材料用于铀(VI)离子的吸附,研究了溶液p H值,吸附时间,铀(VI)溶液初始浓度和温度对吸附效果的影响。研究表明,GNs-Fe3O4对铀(VI)吸附的最佳p H值为5.5,3h达到吸附平衡,材料对铀(VI)的最大饱和吸附量为72mg/g。吸附符合准二级动力学模型,表明吸附行为受化学作用控制,吸附过程可用Langmuir等温式描述。     

阴离子聚电解质修饰磁性氧化石墨烯对碱性品红的吸附性能

采用简便一步溶剂热法制备了一种阴离子聚电解质聚（4-苯乙烯磺酸-共聚-顺丁烯二酸）钠盐（PSSMA）修饰的磁性氧化石墨烯复合材料（M-rGO/PSSMA）,并将其用作水溶液中阳离子型染料碱性品红（BF）去除的吸附剂。采用FTIR、SEM、TEM、TGA、VSM、DLS对制备的M-rGO/PSSMA进行表征。考察了溶液pH、吸附时间以及染料初始浓度对BF在M-rGO/PSSMA及M-rGO上吸附性能的影响;探讨了等温吸附过程、吸附动力学以及吸附机理。研究表明,M-rGO表面PSSMA的接枝可有效提高其对BF的吸附容量。PSSMA修饰后的磁性氧化石墨烯对BF的最大吸附容量高达588.2mg/g,是未经PSSMA修饰M-rGO吸附容量的3倍。另外,M-rGO/PSSMA对BF的吸附动力学和吸附等温数据分别符合准二级吸附动力学模型和Langmuir等温吸附模型。利用NaOH的乙醇溶液可对M-rGO/PSSMA进行有效的再生;通过外加磁场作用可实现吸附剂的回收再利用。本文所制备的石墨烯基复合材料可望成为环境废水中阳离子污染物去除的优良吸附剂。     

改性氧化石墨烯对Cu2+吸附性能的研究

采用改进的Hummer法制得氧化石墨烯(GO),用巯基乙胺对GO进行改性,制得巯基化氧化石墨烯(SH-GO),对有关产物的形貌和结构进行了表征,考察了p H值、SH-GO用量、吸附时间等因素对SH-GO吸附Cu2+效果的影响。结果表明,GO呈无序分布的片状结构,含有较多的含氧基团;p H值为5时的吸附效果最佳;SH-GO投加量为200mg·L-1时,吸附效率可达98.8%;120min可达到吸附平衡;吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和朗格缪尔等温吸附方程;SH-GO重复使用性能良好。     

磁性氧化石墨烯对水溶液中铀（VI）的吸附性能研究

采用FeCl3作为磁流体制备磁性氧化石墨烯.考察了溶液pH值、溶液初始浓度、吸附温度和吸附时间对磁性氧化石墨烯吸附铀（Ⅵ）性能的影响,并探讨了吸附热力学、等温吸附性能和动力学.结果表明：磁性氧化石墨烯吸附铀（Ⅵ）的最佳pH值为7.0,吸附平衡时间为180min,298K时饱和吸附容量为113.27 mg/g.吸附行为符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级吸附动力学模型,即表明吸附主要是受化学作用控制.     

磁性天然沸石的制备及其对Pb2+和Cu2+的吸附性能

采用化学共沉淀法将具有吸附特性的天然沸石与磁性氧化铁颗粒结合,制备了具有吸附特性的磁性沸石复合体. 利用XRD、氮吸附等温线、FT-IR光谱、SEM和振动样品磁强计等手段对制备的磁性沸石进行了表征. 结果表明,与钠型沸石相比,磁性沸石的结构没有发生明显变化而比表面积由25.13 m2/g增大到100.90 m2/g. 对模拟废水中Pb2+和Cu2+的吸附研究可知,磁性沸石对Pb2+和Cu2+的吸附依赖于pH值的变化,且在pH>4.5时去除效率均大于90%;同时,在不同初始浓度的废水溶液中,磁性沸石对Pb2+和Cu2+的最大吸附量分别为19.44和6.20 mg/g.     

β-环糊精修饰磁性氧化石墨烯对酸性红R的吸附

利用Hummers法制备氧化石墨烯(GO),并结合原位沉淀法合成了一种复合吸附材料β-环糊精修饰磁性氧化石墨烯(Fe_3O_4@GO/β-CD),用SEM、TEM、FTIR、激光粒度分析仪、比表面积测定仪(BET)和磁强计对Fe_3O_4@GO/β-CD进行了表征和测定,结果表明:合成的Fe_3O_4@GO/β-CD平均粒径为460nm,比表面积为252.3m~2/g,饱和磁化强度为73.5emu/g。Fe_3O_4@GO/β-CD对酸性红R的吸附是一个准二级动力学过程,其准二级反应速率常数为5.18*10–3 g/(mg·min),吸附等温线较好地符合Langmuir模型,在pH=3.0时对酸性红R的最大吸附量为228.31 mg/g。     

磁性石墨烯材料对重金属的吸附研究进展

废水中的重金属离子会引起严重的环境健康问题,石墨烯及其复合材料作为一种新型纳米材料具有极大的比表面和极强的表面化学活性,非常适合作为吸附材料治理重金属污染废水。本文综述了磁性石墨烯材料去除水中重金属离子的研究进展和吸附机理,并对磁性石墨烯材料的后续研究进行了展望。     

磁性羟基磷灰石改性氮化硼的铅吸附特性

利用共沉淀法制备了氮化硼（BN）掺杂磁性羟基磷灰石（MP）的复合材料（MPBN），通过SEM、BET、FTIR、XRD、XPS和VSM对MPBN形貌、孔径、比表面积、元素组成、晶型、表面官能团和磁性进行表征，利用单因素吸附实验研究MPBN对Pb(II)的吸附特性。结果表明，MP成功负载在BN的层状结构中，MPBN具有超顺磁性。当Pb(II)浓度为250 mg/L，温度为25 ℃，pH=6.0，MPBN投加量为0.4 g/L时，吸附量达到460.75 mg/g，其吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir等温模型，表明MPBN对Pb(II)的吸附过程主要归因于单分子层的化学吸附。通过热力学模型拟合得到吸附过程的H为94.76 kJ/mol，?S为339.61 J/molK，说明该吸附过程在常温下是自发的吸热过程。同时MPBN在5次循环使用后仍然表现出优异的稳定性和良好的可回收性。     

Self-assembly of thiourea intercalated graphene oxide based dual IIP for the SPE coupled FAAS method development of Cu(II) and Pb(II) determination

A new dual-template surface imprinted polymer for Cu(II) and Pb(II) was synthesized in one pot. Magnetic graphene oxide was self-assembled with low cost and environmentally benign thiourea. Presence of sulfur and nitrogen donor atoms provide hooks for coordination and partial reduction of graphene oxide matrix. It was used as an solid-phase extraction adsorbent for extraction, preconcentration, and coupled with flame atomic absorption spectrometry to manifest performance comparable with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICPAES) both in terms of quantification limit as well as interference. The critical experimental parameters such as pH; 4.6, contact time of 15 min and initial concentration of 777 (Q_e; 227 mg g⁻¹) and 800 μg L⁻¹ (Q_e; 273 mg g⁻¹) for Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively, were optimized using RSM-CCD and artificial neural network. The adsorption process was kinetically faster (50% adsorption in 5 min), following fractal-like-pseudo-second-order (FLPSO) kinetics and Brouers–Sotolongo isotherm model owing to the heterogenous energy landscape. The imprinting factors were in the range of 4–7 in the presence of all coexisting ions. The proposed method was robust in the determination and removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from food, ground water, and industry effluents with low limit of detection (Cu(II); 1.03 μg L⁻¹ & Pb(II); 1.79 μgL⁻¹). Spiking and recovery tests were used to assess the method's accuracy. Cu(II)/Pb(II) loaded dual template IIP (DIIP) was utilized to remove anionic dyes with >95% efficiency. Thorough examination of the method and material selectivity (in binary, ternary, and multielement system), multi fold applications of determination, removal of Cu(II), Pb(II), and removal of anionic dyes makes DIIP a promising candidate for environmental remediation.     

Polymer brushes on graphene oxide for efficient adsorption of heavy metal ions from water

The pollution of heavy metal ions in water poses a serious threat to human being and ecosystems. Here, we report polyamidoxime (PAO) brush grafted graphene oxide (GO) as a highly efficient adsorbent for extraction of toxic metal cations from water. Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization was used to grow polyacrylonitrile (PAN) brushes on GO, followed by conversion of the nitrile groups in PAN into amidoxime groups, which had high binding affinity toward heavy metal cations. The PAO brush grafted GO demonstrated significantly fast adsorption kinetics and large adsorption capacity. At optimal pH 5, the PAO brush grafted GO can achieve maximum adsorption capacities of 116.7 mg g⁻¹ for Pb(II), 258.6 mg g⁻¹ for Ag(I), 192.2 mg g⁻¹ for Cu(II), and 167.9 mg g⁻¹ for Fe(III), which were significantly larger than those of small molecule functionalized GO. Mechanism analysis suggested that the enhanced adsorption performance was due to the myriads of functional groups in PAO brushes that were easily accessible to metal ions because of the swelling of the polymer brushes in water. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48156.     

石墨烯材料在重金属废水吸附净化中的应用

石墨烯材料具有较大的比表面积、良好的化学稳定性,近年来在环境污染物深度吸附处理方面的应用逐渐引起了人们的关注。本文综述了石墨烯材料在重金属离子的吸附处理方面的研究进展,包括普通石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、功能化石墨烯以及石墨烯复合物等材料;讨论了石墨烯表面功能化修饰对重金属离子吸附性能的影响;分析了各种材料的优点与缺点;提出了需进一步研究的问题,如石墨烯表面功能化修饰的结构-性能关系、石墨烯材料的循环使用以及石墨烯材料对痕量重金属离子的富集灵敏度等问题,指出合成选择性好、富集灵敏度高且可多次循环使用的石墨烯材料,在重金属废水的深度处理中将得到进一步应用。     

Adsorptive Removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Cross-Linked Chitosan-Polyphosphate-Epichlorohydrin Beads

In this study, the cross-linked chitosan-polyphosphate-epichlorohydrin (CCPE) beads were prepared by cross-linking chitosan with both polyphosphate and epichlorohydrin and used as bioadsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The effects of the dosage of CCPE beads, solution pH, initial metal ion concentration, contact time, and temperature were investigated. Then, three important factors were selected to optimize the removal processes by the orthogonal test. The results show that CCPE beads can effectively remove the Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions, and the maximum percentage removals for Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions are 99.7% and 91.2%, respectively. The data show also that the removal processes for both Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions fit best the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Moreover, the decrease of the adsorption ability of CCPE beads is less than 10% after reuse for 9 times, which suggests that CCPE beads have good reusability.     

Fe_3O_(4-)还原石墨烯复合材料的制备及对Pb离子吸附性能的研究

近年来,水中的重金属污染越来越严重,其中Pb2+的污染尤为严重,用吸附法除去水中的Pb2+是最为简单的方法。本文用一种简单、低成本的方法制备了Fe3O4-还原石墨烯(RGO)复合材料,利用X-射线衍射、电子显微、振动样品磁强计、原子吸收光谱仪等仪器测了复合材料的结晶度、粒径、磁性和Pb2+吸附等性能。结果表明,制备的Fe3O4-RGO复合材料具有良好吸附性能,并可以重复利用。     

Cu(II) Adsorption of Activated Carbon Fibers Produced by Radiation-Induced Graft Polymerization

In this work, the adsorption behaviors of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) containing chelating functional groups were studied in heavy metal ion removal. The ACFs were modified by electron beam and glycidyl methacrylate (GMA, CH₂—CCH₃COOCH₂CHOCH₂) graft polymerization in order to induce chelating functional groups, such as iminodiacetate (IDA, NH(CH₂COOH)₂) groups on the ACF surfaces. Fourier transform-infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the surface properties of the ACFs. The specific surface area and the pore structure were evaluated from nitrogen adsorption data at 77 K. The adsorbed amount of heavy metal ions was measured by using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer (ICP-AES). Results of FT-IR and XPS showed that the relative intensity of oxygen peaks increased with increasing the dose of electron beam. The results indicated that the radicals were increased as the dose of electron beam irradiation increased, and increased radicals led to the increase of the IDA groups. Also, the adsorption of heavy metal ions was increased by increasing the dose of electron beam irradiation. It was explained that the IDA groups of the treated ACF surfaces were introduced by radiation-induced graft polymerization and the increased IDA groups led to an increase of the adsorption of heavy metal ions.