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为了增强大口径望远镜跟踪架伺服控制系统的抗扰动性能,提高其低速跟踪精度,提出了基于扰动力矩观测器的力矩补偿方法。该方法采用改进的加减速法控制转台的加减速时间,使得望远镜转台微震;通过测量电机的速度和电流响应曲线,辨识获得望远镜转台的转动惯量。然后,设计了望远镜转台的加速度估计器,根据编码器位置反馈数据,采用双积分和PD控制的方法,估计出当前系统的加速度。最后,基于转动惯量辨识和加速度估计,设计了扰动力矩观测器,根据电机的电流和转台的加速度,计算出外部的扰动力矩,并将扰动前馈补偿到电流控制器的输入端,以修正电流输入参考值。在2m望远镜控制系统中对扰动观测器的性能进行了实验验证,结果表明,加入扰动力矩观测器补偿后,在跟踪斜率为0.36(″)/s的位置斜坡时,跟踪误差值(RMS)由0.012 7″减小到0.007 3″;相比未加入扰动力矩观测器的补偿方法,望远镜的低速跟踪抖动明显减小,提高了伺服系统的低速跟踪精度,实现了对目标的平滑、稳定跟踪。 相似文献
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讨论了旋翼直升机高频振动时产生的质量不平衡力矩对航空光电稳定平台性能的影响。基于传统光电稳定平台电流反馈、速度反馈、位置反馈的三闭环控制系统提出了一种基于系统模型的质量不平衡力矩前馈补偿方法。该方法通过标定平台质量偏心,利用加速度传感器获取平台加速度信号来对平台的质量不平衡力矩进行前馈补偿,实现对平台质量不平衡力矩的抑制,提高光电稳定平台的扰动抑制能力。实验结果表明:相对于传统三闭环控制系统,引入前馈补偿后系统的扰动隔离度至少提高了6.4dB;相对于利用扰动观测器对质量不平衡力矩进行补偿的传统补偿方案,引入前馈补偿的光电稳定平台系统不仅在低频段补偿效果提升约12.9dB,而且克服了扰动观测器在高频时不能补偿质量不平衡力矩带来的影响,使平台在全频段的扰动隔离度都大幅提高,视轴能更好地稳定在惯性空间内,具有较高的实用性和使用价值。 相似文献
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光电稳定平台中高阶扰动观测器的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于光电稳定平台在稳定视轴时易受到摩擦、风阻、不平衡以及载体扰动等干扰力矩的影响,本文研究了利用高阶扰动观测器抑制扰动力矩的机理和方法。该扰动观测器由控制对象的逆模型和进行了高阶设计的改进型滤波器组成。提出的方法将观测量作为电流环的输入,利用电流环超高的控制带宽抑制扰动力矩。对系统的扰动抑制能力进行了仿真,结果显示高阶扰动观测器对高阶扰动模型具有很好的抑制能力:对于阶跃扰动和斜坡扰动,三阶扰动观测器的抑制率为100%;对于抛物波扰动,三阶扰动观测器的抑制率为99.9999996%。另外,观测器对于控制对象模型的摄动具有很好的鲁棒性。提出的方法可以在提高伺服系统响应速度的同时保证系统的鲁棒性,满足光电稳定平台的应用要求。 相似文献
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为提高导引头稳定平台抗扰性,提出了一种导引头稳定平台的扰动补偿及改进滑模控制策略。首先根据扰动特点将扰动分为摩擦力矩和"剩余扰动"两部分,基于Stribeck摩擦模型辨识摩擦参数,并进行摩擦力矩补偿;采用扩张高增益观测器对"剩余扰动"进行估计,并给出了扩张高增益观测器的收敛条件。然后设计了改进滑模控制器作为稳定回路的控制器实现伺服控制,采用Lyapunov函数证明其稳定性。最后,搭建测试系统分别进行了稳定平台性能测试和导引头性能测试,用于验证跟踪和抗扰效果。实验结果表明,跟踪1(°)/s的梯形波时,提出的控制器有效地补偿了摩擦,同时稳态精度提高了0.032 8(°)/s;给定三轴转台典型幅值和频率扰动下,采用提出的控制器时系统隔离度至少提高了0.57%。表明提出的控制器改善了系统抗扰性。 相似文献
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Clarence W.DE SILVA 《Instrumentation》2019,(4):72-84
An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t... 相似文献
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INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD'S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
LI Cheng ZHENG Yanping 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2008,21(6):115-118
The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value. 相似文献
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30 keV Ga+ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z2, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z2. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z2, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory. 相似文献
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The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar... 相似文献
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The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods.... 相似文献
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This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an... 相似文献
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分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性. 相似文献
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针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。 相似文献
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J. A. Williams 《Lubrication Science》1997,3(3):267-306
Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface. 相似文献
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CHEN Sunyi 《机械工程学报(英文版)》2007,20(6):13-17
A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion. 相似文献