无锡自抛光防污涂料动态性能研究

利用海水动态模拟试验装置模拟船舶航行时船舶水下船体防污涂料的实际服役工况,对两类船舶无锡自抛光防污涂层进行动态模拟试验,定期测量防污涂料铜离子释放率、表面粗糙度、涂层厚度等各项性能,研究各项性能的动态变化规律,并对两类无锡自抛光防污涂料达到一年防污期效的涂层厚度进行了计算。     

溶解型防污涂料动态性能研究

利用海水动态模拟实验装置模拟船舶航行时船舶水下船体防污涂料的实际服役工况,对3类船舶溶解型防污涂层进行动态模拟实验,定期测量防污涂料铜离子释放率、表面粗糙度、涂层厚度等各项性能,研究各项性能的动态变化规律,并对3类溶解型防污涂料达到一年防污期效的涂层厚度进行了计算。研究结果表明,溶解型防污涂层铜离子释放率在实验初始有大幅下降,随后逐渐稳定,表面粗糙度随时间缓慢下降;模拟航速的上升会提高涂层防污剂的释放率,增加各种涂层表面粗糙度的变化程度,加快涂层厚度减薄。     

新型无毒防污涂料

综述了近年来开发出的几种新型防污涂料的情况，从防污机理出发，重点介绍了低表面能防污涂料、仿生涂料、无锡自抛光防污涂料等，并对无毒防污涂料今后的发展进行了展望。     

新型海洋防污涂料的发展趋势

综述了海洋防污涂料的防污原理、防污方法及防污性能测试方法，介绍了防污剂、防污涂料的研究现状，并指出海洋防污涂料的应用前景及今后研究的重点。     

低表面能防污涂料的研究及其表征

本文报告的以氯磺化聚乙烯为基料,封闭的固化剂及低表面参添加剂配制的单组分防污涂料,具有良好的施工性能和稳定性,同时表征了它们的表面性能和防污性能。     

低表面能防污涂料防污机理探讨

从内因和外因两方面对海洋生物的黏附机理、低表面能防污涂料的防污机理以及影响防污效果的因素进行探讨,对低表面能防污涂料的研制具有一定的指导意义.     

有机硅改性氟碳防污涂料表面接触角和防污效果的研究

运用冷拼法制备了氟硅树脂并配制了氟硅防污涂料,研究了氟硅防污涂料一年实海挂板的接触角及防污效果的变化。结果表明,氟硅防污涂料接触角随时间的变化而变小,防污效果优于氟碳防污涂料和有机硅防污涂料。     

新型无毒防污涂料

综述了近几年来开发出的几种新型防污涂料的情况,从防污机理出发,重点介绍了低表面能防污涂料、仿生涂料、无锡自抛光防污涂料等,并对无毒防污涂料今后的发展进行了展望。     

低表面能防污涂料的进展

介绍了低表面能防污涂料的作用机理、特点及发展现状，重点介绍了有机硅系列和氟化物系列低表面能防污涂料的研制和应用情况。     

船舶用低表面能防污涂料的性能研究

以一种有机硅弹性体作基料,制备了低表面能船舶防污涂料,研究了该涂料在不同温度条件下的复涂间隔、与环氧树脂涂料的配套性和防污性能。结果表明,有机硅弹性体漆与环氧防锈漆之间的复涂间隔非常窄,在环氧底漆上喷涂有机硅弹性体时必须严格控制复涂时间;有机硅弹性体漆在高温高湿下,可更好的快速固化;该涂料可以有效防止海洋生物的生长繁殖,且不释放任何重金属有害物质。     

Capillary bonding of wet surfaces - the effects of contact angle and surface roughness

Capillary bonding of wet solids through a water film is common and important for a variety of problems. An existing experimental technique for the measurement of capillary bonding forces was improved and used to show how fractional wetted area and capillary bonding force vary with water 'tension' for glass, polyethylene, and aluminum on porous ceramic. The effects of contact angle and roughness were explored. The results show that increasing the contact angle clearly reduces the capillary bonding, but the effects of surface roughness were much more complicated. Roughness can increase or decrease capillary bonding, depending on the exact conditions.     

疏水疏冰涂层的研究进展

介绍了描述液滴润湿性的Young、Wenzel和Cassie模型,概述了静、动态疏水性与疏冰之间的关系,综述了疏水疏冰涂层的制备方法,以及冰粘接强度的主要影响因素和测量方法,指出了疏水疏冰涂层将来的研究方向.     

Surface rearrangement of vinyl acetate and acrylate terpolymer adhesives investigated by dynamic contact angles

Terpolymer solution-based adhesives of vinyl acetate and acrylates with different long alkyl side chains were prepared by radical polymerization. Dynamic contact angles of the adhesives-coated films measured by the Wilhelmy plate technique indicated that the reorientation of the adhesive surface varied with the length of the alkyl side chain. It was found that the changes of advancing contact angles (θ_a) and receding contact angles (θ_r) were relatively great within the range of lower immersion speeds at various temperatures, but approaching a certain velocity the contact angles became stable. The lower activation energies of the change in contact angles revealed that the rearrangement of surface groups can be achieved by small-scale secondary transitions. In addition, the activation energies required for rearrangement from apolar to polar medium and the reverse process were different. ©1997 SCI     

超疏水性薄膜的制备及其抗生物污染性试验

超疏水性材料由于其表面高度不润湿的特性(表观接触角大于150°)引起了人们的普遍关注.近年来,在高疏水性材料的研究开发中涉及了两个重要的分支,即膜层的高光学透明性和耐久性.报告了研制耐用及具有高光学透明性(在可见光范围内透明度＞99%)的超疏水性材料的工艺,并探讨了该材料用于防生物污染领域的可行性.     

环氧树脂涂层表面亲水性对微藻黏附性能的影响

在固体材料表面黏附成膜是微藻细胞的一种生理特性。近些年基于微藻生物膜的生物过程,如生物膜贴壁培养和防附着技术受到了很多关注。微藻在固体材料表面的黏附受藻细胞与材料表面之间的相互作用的影响,建立黏附强度与材料表面性质参数间的关系对于通过材料选择来强化或控制微藻生物膜具有非常重要的意义。本工作的目的是揭示和明确材料亲疏水性对微藻黏附的影响,提出了一种双酚A环氧(EP)树脂表面亲疏水改性的方法。通过将亲水性的二乙醇胺(DEA)或疏水性的聚甲基聚硅氧烷(PMHS)加入到EP树脂中反应,EP树脂表面水接触角在36.80?~98.34?范围内可通过加入不同量的DEA或PMHS实现任意可调,材料的表面水接触角与DEA或PMHS加入量之间有线性关系。重要的是这种改性方法获得的材料,其形貌、结构、表面粗糙度等表面性质几乎没有变化,从而在研究和关联微藻黏附量与材料表面亲疏水性(表面水接触角)之间的关系时可以排除亲疏水性之外的其他表面性质的影响;其次,考察了小球藻和栅藻在不同亲疏水性材料表面的黏附行为,结果表明小球藻和栅藻在亲水性和疏水性材料表面均能黏附成膜,但在亲水性材料表面黏附更多更快;建立了微藻最大黏附容量与材料表面接触角之间关联关系,表明微藻最大黏附容量随材料表面水接触角的增大而线性降低,栅藻的表面黏附容量比小球藻大。     

A novel method for measuring dynamic contact angles of fibers with spindle-knots

The determination of the dynamic contact angle is of significant interest for the characterization of the wettability of technical fibers and textiles in diverse fields of science and technology. There exist traditional methods for dynamic contact angle measurements of flat surfaces and of fibers with a uniform cross-sectional shape along the fiber. So far, however, no method has been reported which is suitable for structured fibers, particularly for spindle-knotted structured fibers of varying cross-sections. This article describes a new method for measuring the dynamic contact angle for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) spindle-knotted structured fibers. The method is an outcome of integrating the results obtained from experiments (applying force tensiometry) and a proposed theoretical model describing such fibers. The reliability and conformity of the results are shown by comparing the measured dynamic contacts angle of PDMS as spindle-knot and as a flat surface. This method may pave the road for better wettability analysis of various structured fibers. It also allows to measure the local receding and advancing contact angles for macroscopic/microscopic structured fibers (especially when they are not accessible as flat surfaces) against the various test liquids.     

Evaluation of some machining processes as adherend surface treatments in bonding aluminium

—This paper reports detailed studies on some machining processes used as adherend surface preparation methods. The two conventional treatments of sand blasting and chromic-sulphuric acid etching were also studied to compare their relative merits in making strong bonds. The nature of the adherend surface produced by these processes was examined by electron microscopy and surface profile records to determine its significance in the bonding process. Aluminium alloy 2014 (untempered) was used as the adherend material and a heat-curing, two-part structural epoxy as the adhesive. It was observed that different treatments render different bond strengths, and that variation of some process parameters in each treatment influences the joint strength with the same adhesive-adherend system. The surface profile records and electron micrographs of the treated adherends give an indication of the relative bond strengths which occur after the joints are formed. Some machining processes such as shaping, milling, and turning seem superior to the sand blasting treatment. However, chromic-sulphuric acid etching produces the highest joint strengths.