我国可再生能源发展现状和前景展望

近年来,可再生能源发展迅速并取得了显著成绩,发展可再生能源己经成为许多国家能源发展战略的重要组成部分。文章从我国可再生能源发展现状和世界可再生能源发展趋势入手,分析了目前我国可再生能源发展过程中存在的问题,并提出了相应的对策建议,在此基础上,对我国可再生能源的发展前景进行了展望。     

欧盟可再生能源发展的新政策及对我国的启示

欧洲的可再生能源发展取得了很大的成就,并建立了有效的支持可再生能源发展的政策体系和框架,是世界可再生能源发展的领先者.文章介绍了欧盟在2007年1月提出的可再生能源发展的新的政策目标以及近期采取的新行动,并提出借鉴欧洲经验,支持我国可再生能源发展的行动建议.     

《可再生能源中长期发展规划》概要

为了加快可再生能源发展,促进节能减排,积极应对气候变化,更好地满足经济和社会可持续发展的需要,在总结我国可再生能源资源、技术及产业发展状况,借鉴国际可再生能源发展经验基础上,国家发改委研究制定了《可再生能源中长期发展规划》,提出了从现在到2020年期间我国可再生能源发展的指导思想、主要任务、发展目标、重点领域和保障措施,以指导我国可再生能源发展和项目建设。规划全文概要如下:     

可再生能源发展的必经过程和我国的政策取向

本文以学习曲线规律为理论依据,描述了可再生能源技术发展和产业成长的必经过程,以及可再生能源不同发展阶段所面临的障碍。分析了我国可再生能源的发展现状和所需要的支持政策的特点。同时分析了发展可再生能源与常规能源新技术之间的关系,探讨了常规能源的先进利用方式和可再生能源相互促进的发展思路。在此基础上提出我国应该按照发展阶段制订可再生能源的鼓励政策。     

美国可再生能源和节能情况考察

美国和中国的能源生产和消费分别居世界第一位和第二位。借鉴美国在节能和可再生能源方面的经验,对我国调整能源结构、提高能源安全、保护生态环境和实现可持续发展具有重要作用。本文介绍了美国能源开发利用的现状,分析了美国可再生能源和节能政策及这些政策对美国可再生能源和节能产业发展所产生的影响,提出了我国加快可再生能源和节能发展的建议。     

紧迫而必要的议题——大力发展可再生能源

在引用大量文献资料的基础上,分析了世界可再生能源发展现状与前景,对我国,特别是山西省可再生能源的开发利用和支撑体系提出了一些建议和看法。     

澳大利亚可再生能源配额制及对我国的启示

澳大利亚是世界上最早持续在全国范围内实施可再生能源配额制的国家。本文阐述了澳大利亚可再生能源配额制的发展历程和最新动态,解析评价了其运行机制和实施效果。并从促进可再生能源产业可持续发展和解决当前基本瓶颈的视角,提出了对我国建立可再生能源配额制的启示。     

一场充满绿色创新氛围的学术盛会——记2018中国可再生能源学术大会

正随着世界能源及经济结构的深度调整,可再生能源、新能源的发展已成为影响全球经济及生态环境的重要因素。近年来,在我国政府的大力支持下,我国可再生能源事业取得了举世瞩目的成就,中国在全球能源市场中的地位日益举足轻重,更是成为全球可再生能源快速发展的引领者。特别是以风能、太阳能等为代表的可再生能源产业,在产量和市场规模方面连续多年位居世界第一,高速发展成为近一时期我国可再生能源产业发展的显著特征。     

基于统计数据的北欧四国可再生能源利用特点及关键影响因素分析

可再生能源是世界各国应对能源短缺和气候变化的战略性选择。当前我国能源结构不合理,呈现出以煤炭为主、石油进口依赖度过高、可再生能源比重显著偏低的特点。北欧地区是世界上可再生能源发展和利用最好的区域之一,可以为我国的可再生能源发展和利用提供有价值的参考。北欧四国——丹麦、瑞典、芬兰和挪威的人均可再生能源利用量领先全球,能源依赖度均低于欧盟均值,而且四国均已提前实现了2020年可再生能源发展目标,可再生能源在各应用领域均表现突出。北欧四国可再生能源发展的各项指标均显著领先于欧盟均值,但能源依赖度和行业可再生能源利用比例在四国间差异较大。北欧四国取得的成功,首先得益于政府的推动和政策的支持,不论是欧盟还是北欧,都在致力于通过一系列完善的政策措施来促进其可再生能源的发展和利用;其次是拥有领先的可再生能源利用技术;第三是因地制宜,差异化利用可再生能源。我国应继续完善可再生能源发展相关政策,加强可再生能源生产技术的引进、研究和推广,同时,在加强和促进我国可再生能源发展时一定要注意因地制宜、有的放矢。     

我国未来可再生能源开发利用的战略思考

本文综合分析了我国可再生能源发展的资源潜力、技术水平、当前存在的主要障碍。我国可再生能源资源潜力大,在未来的能源供应中可以形成举足轻重的地位;我国的可再生能源技术发展有了一定的水平,产业初具规模,具备大规模发展的基础,处于商业化发展的前期阶段。在障碍分析和国际经验分析的基础上,本文指出可再生能源立法是促进可再生能源发展的有效手段之一,并提出了我国可再生能源立法的目标和方向。     

中国可再生能源发展进入阶段转换期

本世纪前10年,中国可再生能源采取开放型发展模式,凭借风电产业"以市场换技术"的战略及光伏产业"两头在外"的发展模式,加之国内政策的大力扶持,连续3年保持全球风电第一大国地位,2011年中国光伏电池产量占到全球产量的56.5%,光伏组件出口量占当年全球新增光伏装机容量的54.6%。然而自2010年末起,中国可再生能源产业频繁遭遇国外"双反"制裁,正面临"保护难"和"出口难"的两难困境,"以市场换技术"战略难以为继,"两头在外"的发展模式也走到了尽头。开放式的发展模式已不适合产业的进一步发展,中国可再生能源产业开始步入主要依靠国内市场、依靠自主创新的内向化发展新阶段。中国的可再生能源市场前景广阔,国内市场足以支撑产业的发展。虽然国外企业在技术水平方面领先于中国企业,但由于技术边界效应的存在,中国企业在国内市场上还是有优势的。新阶段中国的产业政策应该转向大力开发国内市场,将补贴产品的生产和贸易环节改为补贴生产要素,并加大对可再生能源消费端的补贴。同时,要加快提升企业自主创新能力和产业技术水平。     

A regulatory policy to promote renewable energy consumption in China: Review and future evolutionary path

Renewable energy has become the world's strategic choice to solve environmental pollution, address the energy crisis and achieve social sustainable development. The establishment of a regulatory system coincides with the development stage of renewable energy and electricity market operation is significant in standardizing the market competition and guaranteeing healthy development of renewable energy in China. This paper analyses the current situation of renewable energy development and the existing renewable energy regulation system in China, pointing out that the main problems restricting renewable energy development are institutional mechanisms and market factors. The existing regulatory mechanisms also have deficiencies, such as the inclination towards economic regulation and the lack of a market adjustment mechanism. This paper proposes that China should comprehensively consider the renewable energy development stage, electricity market trading mechanisms and other factors in electricity regulatory requirements when policy making, actively exploring a new renewable energy regulation model adapted to different development phases. In addition, this paper suggests China's regulatory policy path based on the forecasting of renewable energy developing models.     

意大利的节能和可再生能源激励机制

新能源与可再生能源产业是具有环境效益的弱势产业，在市场化过程中面临着诸多的障碍和问题，政府支持是新能源与可再生能源市场培育的原动力。不论是发达国家还是发展中国家，新能源与可再生能源的发展离不开政府的支持，如投融资、税收、补贴、市场渗透等一系列的优惠政策。文章介绍了意大利在节能和可再生能源方面的激励政策。     

Barriers and opportunities of using the clean development mechanism to advance renewable energy development in China

Studying the barriers and opportunities of using clean development mechanism (CDM) to advance renewable energy deployment in China has a practical significance to achieve its ambitious renewable energy plan which affects the global efforts to curb carbon emission. This paper analyses the role of CDM in promoting renewable energy development in China by reviewing the CDM activities, especially renewable energy CDM activities in China. There are three barriers to utilizing CDM for renewable energy deployment, namely the dilemma of additionality, lower proportional certified emission reduction credit revenues on the investment, and the lack of incentive for technology transfer. Whereas the opportunities of using CDM in promoting renewable energy development include the international carbon market redirection to renewable energy, Chinese renewable energy boom driven by a series of effective energy policies, and additional finance from CDM supporting Chinese renewable energy development. Based on the study on the barriers and opportunities, the article considers that CDM is an indispensable incentive and a viable choice to promote renewable energy deployment in China.     

全球太阳能热利用行业激励政策及对我国的启示

太阳能热利用是一种重要的可再生能源,在我国已经实现了商业化运行。如何支持已实现了商业化运行的太阳能热利用行业,是目前可再生能源政策研究的热点问题。本文研究分析了立法、财政补贴和间接市场等激励政策的适用环境,剖析了欧盟、西班牙、以色列和澳大利亚等国家和地区的现行激励政策,针对我国的产业发展现状,提出了相应的政策建议。     

Renewable energy policy and electricity market reforms in China

The article examines the potential effectiveness of the renewable energy policy in China and its regulatory Law framework. It frames the option of renewable energy technology within the background of the long-lasting electricity problems that China has faced including serious supply shortages, reliance on coal, and severe environmental contamination. Its dual administrative and ownership system based on state and privately owned industry is discussed together with the market reform measures adopted in the sector. Current renewable energy policy is analysed, and the scope of the 2005 Renewable Energy Promotion Law is investigated. This is conducted within the context of the electricity sector reform that China adopted, and its effects upon the prospects of encouraging as well as expanding the development of renewable energy. This study draws upon primary information collected from interviews with stakeholders on the policy adequacy, and identifies three main types of shortcomings that have interfered with a more successful expansion of renewable energy in China.     

China review: Status and potential of renewable energy in China

Renewable energy is in a rapid development stage in China, and some technologies are in commercialisation or near commercialisation and have large development potential from resource, technology and industry points. Renewable energy has begun to play a role in the energy structure, and it has the potential for large scale development. According to the national target, renewable power will represent 12% of the total power capacity in China in 2020. It is expected that it will reach 30% or even more in the 2040s and renewable energy will be an important substitute energy at that time.     

现货市场新能源参与方式及其对市场出清价格的影响分析

在我国新一轮电力市场改革背景下,电力现货市场建设进程进一步加快.随着新能源装机的快速增长,将会对电力现货市场竞价交易带来很大影响.基于我国试点运行的现货交易机制,对现行几种新能源参与市场模式进行了分析并提出了适用于新能源快速发展阶段的市场参与机制.建立了包含新能源参与的省级日前市场机组组合模型和实时市场安全经济调度模型...     

Insights for global energy interconnection from China renewable energy development

Vigorously developing global renewable energy such as wind energy, solar energy, and hydropower and realizing global clean resource sharing are paramount driving forces for building the Global Energy Interconnection (GEI). With the help of a comparative analysis of renewable energy development and global renewable energy development scenarios, this paper expounds on the similarities between China1 and global renewable energy development. Based on the analysis of renewable energy development and the status of global renewable energy development in China, this paper summarizes the relevant experience and problems of renewable energy development in China. According to these problems, this paper also puts forward the corresponding solutions and measures, that is, to promote the healthy and steady development of renewable energy in China through the source-network-load-storage and market coordination. Finally, by analyzing the development requirements and current foundation of GEI, insights and suggestions are proposed for the future development of renewable energy for the GEI construction.