能量检测在认知无线电频谱感知中的应用

随着无线通信技术的飞速发展,无线电频谱资源日趋紧张。认知无线电已经成为解决现有频谱资源匮乏的非常有前途有前景的技术。认知无线电是一种智能的无线通信系统,它能够感知周围的无线环境,通过一定的方法相应地改变某些工作参数来实时地适应环境,从而达到提高频谱利用率、缓解频谱资源紧张的目的。频谱感知是认知无线电中最具挑战的问题之一。详细介绍了基于能量检测的频谱感知方法,并从理论上分析研究能量检测法的检测性能,最后通过MATLAB仿真分析能量检测法对于OFDM信号的检测性能。     

认知无线电网络中基于噪声功率估计的能量检测性能

该文分析了利用噪声功率估计值进行能量检测时判决门限的计算问题,推导出检测性能的Q函数表达式。为达到期望的检测性能,判决门限不能直接由噪声功率估计值替换已知的噪声功率得到,必须进行修正。文中给出了修正判决门限的闭合表达式,极大地简化了检测性能分析和判决门限计算。仿真结果表明,在估计样点数为20时,对比原判决门限,基于修正判决门限的误警概率减少了15%,有效地提高了认知无线电网络的吞吐量。     

认知无线电能量检测与循环谱检测算法研究

频谱检测是认知无线电的关键技术之一.通过对认知无线电频谱检测技术中的能量检测和循环谱检测技术进行研究,并对能量检测性能、观测数据长度和接收信噪比之间的定量关系进行分析;同时,还介绍了循环谱检测算法的原理,并仿真了不同信噪比下能量检测和循环谱检测算法的性能.仿真结果表明,循环谱检测算法具有比能量检测算法更高的检测灵敏度.     

采用离散小波变换的认知无线电频谱能量检测

在认知无线电系统中,频谱检测是搜索空闲信道,避免对授权用户产生有害干扰的关键环节。本文提出了一种离散小波变换与时域能量检测相结合的频谱检测方法,对SU共享的宽带信道中的窄带PU信号进行预检测。首先对接收信号进行离散小波变换,获得能够反映信道频谱变化的细节小波系数,然后以该系数作为统计量,对其进行时域能量统计计算。该方法计算量较小,容易实现,可进行多分辨率分析,能够提高检测的灵敏度;不需要被检测信号的先验知识,适用于检测各种未知信号。仿真实验对无线麦克信号和地面无线数字电视信号进行了检测,验证了该方法的正确性。      

衰落信道下基于拟合优度检验的认知无线电频谱检测

本文提出衰落信道下一种基于拟合优度检验的认知无线电频谱检测方法,采用Anderson-Darling(AD)检验代替传统的假设检验,通过计算接收到信道数据样本的分布函数与经验分布函数之间的Anderson-darling距离,并与备选的门限值比较,实现频谱检测.论文分析了衰落信道下AD检测虚警概率和平均检测概率下界.理论分析和仿真结果表明,在低信噪比,小样本条件下,AD检测比传统的能量检测具有更好的性能.     

认知无线电系统中频谱感知方法的研究

由于无线通信技术的飞速发展，因此无线资源频谱日趋紧张．而另一方面现有无线通信网络采用的固定频谱分配策略导致许多已分配的频段在大多数情况下未能被充分利用。认知无线电技术的出现为提高频谱利用率提供了一条新的思路．认知无线电的一个重要要求就是能够动态的感知并接入频段，这就需要人们能够感知出空闲频段。论文主要介绍了认知无线电系统中的频谱感知方法，并运用能量检测法对对OFDM信号进行了仿真分析．     

瑞利衰落环境中一种能量有效的多无线电信道搜索机制研究

针对当前频谱搜索机制在能量有效方面的不足,该文提出了一种在瑞利衰落条件下基于部分可测马尔科夫决策过程(POMDP)的多无线电信道搜索机制MRCSS。该机制通过对瑞利衰落环境中信道状态建立POMDP模型来分析和推导出能效最佳信道,并以此指导用户的信道选择。仿真结果表明该机制能较传统搜索机制更有效地减少感知时间和节省能耗,从而达到提高频谱感知性能的目的。     

认知无线电中频谱检测技术分析

在认知无线电的相关研究中,频谱检测是个热点问题。文章在详细探讨国内外文献研究进展的基础上,从物理层、介质访问控制（MAC）层以及多用户协作等各个层次和角度。对频谱检测问题及其解决方案进行了分析,对不同方案的检测性能进行了比较,讨论了下一步的研究方向。     

认知无线电中频谱检测技术研究

认知无线电技术是为了解决频谱资源匮乏的问题而提出的一种无线通信技术。首先简述了认知无线电的背景和概念,然后详细研究了认知无线电中的各种检测技术,分析了其优缺点。     

瑞利信道下多天线能量检测性能研究

研究了认知无线电中能量检测的实现,并针对能量检测性能相对较差的缺点,提出采用天线分集提高能量检测的性能.通过数值分析以及瑞利信道下分集能量检测的仿真,对几种方案在瑞利信道下的性能进行了比较,结果表明几种天线分集方案对能量检测性能都有所改善,其中平方率合并方案性能最优.     

Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio Multiple-Access Channels Over Dynamic Fading Environments

In dynamically changing environments, the spectrum-sharing method is a promising method to address the spectrum underutilization problem for cognitive radio (CR) systems. This paper investigates the capacity of cognitive radio multiple-access channel (CR-MAC) over a dynamic fading environment. Multiple secondary users (SUs) transmit to the secondary base station under the transmit power (TP) and interference temperature (IT) at the primary base station constraints. In order to perform a general analysis, a theoretical dynamic fading model termed hyper-fading model, which is suitable to the dynamic nature of cognitive radio channel, is considered. The optimal power allocation method is employed to maximize the capacity of CR-MAC for hyper-fading channel with TP and IT constraints and full channel side information. Through the numerical simulations, the capacity of the hyper-fading channels are compared with that of other channel fading models such as Rayleigh, Nakagami-2, and with an additive white Gaussian noise channel. Additionally, the impacts of the number of SUs on capacity is investigated.     

Signal Detection in Cognitive Radio Networks over AWGN and Fading Channels

In this paper, we consider the problem of spectrum sensing based on energy detection method in cognitive radio over wireless communication channels when users experiences fading and nonfading effects. The closed-form analytical expressions for the detection probability are derived over nonfading additive white Gaussian noise channel, Rayleigh, Rician and Nakagami-m fading channels. The detection probability involving Marcum-Q function is replaced by closed-form expression. The probability distribution function of fading channels is used to obtain the expressions for detection probability. The new derived numerical results are simulated under various parameters.     

Packet Radio Performance Over Slow Rayleigh Fading Channels

Expressions for the throughput and average packet delay for a Pure-ALOHA single-hop packet radio system operating in slow Rayleigh fading are derived. For noncoherent frequency-shift-keying (NCFSK), an exact closed form expression is presented. For coherent phase-shift-keying (CPSK) an excellent approximation for large packet sizes is derived. This approximation technique is valid in general for other modulation schemes and for other fading channel statistical characterizations. The packet length which maximizes the useful data throughput in slow Rayleigh fading is found. The results of this investigation indicate that a packet radio system can be designed with a modest link margin for fading and achieve identical throughput performance over a nonfading channel and a fading channel with only a small increase in average packet delay for the fading channel.     

基于中断概率最小化的认知无线网络衰落信道条件下的功率控制

Cognitive radio allows Secondary Users (SUs) to dynamically use the spectrum resource li-censed to Primary Users (PUs ), and significantly improves the efficiency of spectrum utilization and is viewed as a promising technology. In cognitive radio networks, the problem of power control is an important issue. In this paper, we mainly focus on the problem of power control for fading channels in cognitive radio networks. The spectrum sharing un-derlay scenario is considered, where SUs are al-lowed to coexist with PUs on the condition that the outage probability of PUs is below the maximum outage probability threshold limitation due to the interference caused by SUs. Moreover, besides the outage probability threshold which is defined to protect the performance of PUs, we also consider the maximum transmit power constraints for each SU. With such a setup, we emphasize the problem of power control to minimize the outage probability of each SU in fading channels. Then, based on the statistical information of the fading channel, the closed expression for outage probability is given in fading channels. The Dual-Iteration Power Control (DIPC) algorithm is also proposed to minimize the outage probability based on Perron-Frobenius theo-ry and gradient descent method under the constraint condition. Finally, simulation results are illustrated to demonstrate the performance of the proposed scheme.     

Performance Evaluation of Cognitive Radio VoIP Users in Fading Environment

Wireless Personal Communications - In this paper we investigate three channel allocation algorithms for multi-channel cognitive radio networks: SNR-based allocation (SA), queue-based allocation...     

Spatial-Temporal Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Flat Fading Channels for Cognitive Radio Using Extend Kalman Filter

This paper investigates a new channel gain map tracking by Space-Time Extended Kalman Filtering (STEKF) for a flat channel, and a novel spectrum sensing via Time Spatial Weighted Non-negative Lasso (TSWNL) algorithm. STEKF enables CRs to estimate and interpolate channel gain map for the entire geographical area of interest with a limited number of CRs measurements. In order to sense primary users (PU) activities, include the transmission power by each PU, location and number of active PUs, TSWNL algorithm is proposed. Numerical results illustrate that the proposed STEKF channel estimation and TSWNL sensing algorithms outperforms linear methods.     

瑞利衰落信道下MMRT的性能分析

为了提高系统性能减少系统功耗和硬件复杂度等,该文提出一种在基站采用最少选择最大比发射的发送分集技术,即MMRT。利用随机矩阵和排序统计的理论知识,该文对MMRT技术进行了详细的性能分析。并得到其在瑞利衰落信道下的中断概率、误码率等的确切表达式。最后通过仿真试验验证了理论分析的正确性。