碳酸钙预絮聚加填技术研究

造纸湿部预絮聚加填技术完全不同于直接加填技术,实验表明在预絮聚条件下成纸强度性能增大,填料留着增加,达到90％以上;本实验研究过程中的第二组工艺（PCC＋CS＋CP3＋CPAM＋AKD）制备的预絮聚体稳定性好,粒径大小合适。在制备絮聚体时药品的添加顺序,添加量以及剪切李率是主要影响因素,主要影响絮聚体的粒径大小和抗剪切能力。     

双助留体系下预絮聚加填对纸张性能的影响

采用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)、皂土双组分助留体系预絮聚烷基烯酮二聚体(AKD)和沉淀碳酸钙(PCC),探究各组分添加顺序对纸张施胶效果、填料留着率及纸张物理性能的影响。对比传统加填工艺发现,采用[PCC+CPAM+皂土+CS+AKD]的预絮聚加填工艺时,纸张的物理性能提高最为明显,纸张抗张指数提高22.4%,耐破指数提高52.0%,同时,纸张的匀度指数从111.9降低至69.0,匀度显著改善。将AKD提前加入浆料中,然后采用[PCC+CS+CPAM+皂土]的预絮聚加填工艺时,纸张的施胶度和填料留着率明显提高,相比传统纸张加填工艺,Cobb_(60)值降低了24.8%,填料留着率提高了3.7%。但所有预絮聚加填工艺由于增大了PCC的颗粒大小,使得纸张白度、不透明度、透气度都有所降低。     

填料包覆预絮聚改性技术及其对纸张性能的影响

采用阴离子聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)、阳离子淀粉(CSt)和阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)对碳酸钙(CaCO_3)填料进行包覆预絮聚改性,制备包覆预絮聚改性填料(CaCO_3-APAM-CSt-CPAM),并将其与仅采用絮凝剂改性的预絮聚改性填料(CaCO_3-CPAM)相比较。结果表明,相比单一的预絮聚改性技术,包覆预絮聚改性技术能显著增大填料粒径并提高填料表面正电势,从而更有效地提高填料留着;当纸张灰分含量为21%时,包覆预絮聚改性填料在提高成纸抗张强度、内结合强度和撕裂度方面比预絮聚改性填料更具有优势,包覆预絮聚填料加填纸的抗张指数和内结合强度是未改性填料加填纸的1. 88倍和1. 50倍,是预絮聚改性填料的1. 14和1. 15倍,且能更好地维持纸张的匀度。     

粉煤灰联产新型活性硅酸钙作为造纸填料的可行性探讨

研究了粉煤灰联产新型活性硅酸钙填料的填料性能及其作为填料在纸张中的加填性能,探讨了活性硅酸钙不同加填量对纸张性能的影响,并与商品轻质碳酸钙(PCC)填料进行了对比。结果表明,活性硅酸钙粒子呈蜂窝状,具有多孔性,比表面积较大,平均粒径为10.63μm,吸油值为2.178 g/g,沉降体积为4.0 mL/(10 g.24 h),白度为90.5%,较适于作为造纸填料。活性硅酸钙加填纸性能检测发现,随着活性硅酸钙用量的增加,纸张白度和不透明度都有较大程度的提高,纸张的抗张指数有较大降低,加填量不超过30%时,撕裂指数基本上保持不变。与商品PCC相比,加填量均为30%时,纸张白度和抗张指数基本相当,不透明度低5.1个百分点,撕裂指数高1.3 mN.m2/g,从加填后纸张的SEM图可以看出,活性硅酸钙与纤维之间有较好的交织。     

APPITA 2017年第2期中英文摘要

正预絮聚沉淀碳酸钙(PCC)絮聚体粒径对纸张强度的重要性填料预絮聚是一种可以增加填料在纤维素纤维网状物中加填或留着,同时将由于填料添加而造成的纸张物理强度损失最小化的实用方法。填料絮聚物的粒径尺寸是填料预絮聚工艺的关键参数之一。本研究使用阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)对沉淀碳酸钙(PCC)的预絮聚过程进行了研究。采用200～500 r/min的不同搅拌速度使悬浮液经受不同的剪切力从而获得不同的絮聚粒径。这些不同粒径尺寸的预絮聚填料加入到纸     

造纸助剂的预混合工艺对纸张性能的影响

基于减少直接加入各种化学品繁琐的操作过程和因加填导致的纸张强度和填料留着等指标的下降,本实验通过提前预混合各种造纸化学品,然后直接用于抄纸,来改善纸张的强度和填料留着等性质。实验中将填料PCC、AKD、阳离子淀粉、CPAM、CP-3在抄纸前迅速地混合,然后加入浆料中,进行抄纸。研究结果表明:预混合合适的添加顺序为:PCC悬浮液→AKD乳液→阳离子淀粉→CPAM。各种化学品的添加量,实验中固定了AKD的用量为绝干浆的0.25%。根据实验的纸张性能检测的结果,PCC较合适用量为纸张总质量的20%,阳离子淀粉用量为绝干浆的1.5%,CPAM、CP-3的用量要根据留着和其他的纸张性质来决定。     

填料和助剂预絮聚对填料留着和成纸抗张强度的影响

利用两个纸厂的浆料,在填料和助剂预絮聚工艺条件及模拟实际生产工艺条件下进行实验,研究了不同工艺条件下,手抄片中细小纤维含量与纸张灰分、抗张强度之间的关系,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对纸张表面形貌进行了观察。实验结果表明,在填料和助剂预絮聚后进行的加填,与实际生产工艺条件相比,成纸的灰分分别从10.8%、9.0%提高到12.2%、10.3%;成纸的抗张指数分别从21.6、23.4 N·m/g提高到22.2、27.6 N·m/g;填料和助剂预絮聚工艺条件下的加填,相对于普通生产工艺,在纤维交织所形成的毛细孔中的填料含量明显增加。     

贝壳粉作为填料对纸张性能的影响

通过与商品轻质碳酸钙(PCC)进行对比,研究了贝壳粉作为填料的性能及其不同用量对纸张强度性能和光学性能的影响,探讨了贝壳粉作为造纸填料的可行性及优势。结果表明,贝壳粉呈梭状的偏三角面体,并聚集在一起成丛簇状,平均粒径为0.44 μm,颗粒尺寸分布均匀,白度为91.4%,沉降体积为5.35 mL/g。加填纸的性能测试结果表明,与PCC加填纸相比,在贝壳粉用量为10%时,加填纸张的强度性能下降较少且光学性能增加较多,加填效果最佳;在加填量相同时,贝壳粉的加填效果与PCC相当,且贝壳粉加填纸的不透明度和光散射系数比PCC加填纸的高,可作为一种新型的造纸填料。     

淀粉-硬脂酸复合物改性PCC的制备及其应用

针对造纸常用填料沉淀碳酸钙(PCC)加填量较大时纸张强度严重下降的问题,利用淀粉-硬脂酸复合物同时添加交联剂六偏磷酸钠的方法对PCC进行表面改性,研究改性PCC制备工艺及改性PCC和未改性PCC对纸张物理性能的影响.结果表明,当淀粉用量为PCC质繁的25%,淀粉质量分数为3.0%.硬脂酸用量为PCC质量的4.0%,交联剂用量为PCC质量的1.0%时,制得的改性PCC性能较好.相同灰分含最下,与加填未改性PCC纸张相比,加填改性PCC纸张的抗张指数、耐破指数、撕裂指数和白度性能更佳.     

CPAM-膨润土双元体系在新型硅酸钙加填纸上的应用

比较分析了CPAM-膨润土双元微粒助留体系对新型硅酸钙(FACS)和研磨碳酸钙(Gcc)加填浆料的留着、滤水及纸张性能的影响.实验结果表明,CPAM-膨润土双元体系应用于FACS加填纸中时,CPAM需求量高于GCC加填的;膨润土用量为0.1％时,CPAM用量的增加,能改善FACS加填纸料的留着性能,但对其滤水性能却有不利影响;CPAM用量为0.08％时,随着膨润土用量的增加,FACS加填纸料Zeta电位的下降比GCC加填的更快;膨润土的用量低于0.2％时,膨润土用量的增加对纸料的首程留着率和滤水性能都有利.CPAM用量为o.08％、膨润土用量为0.1％时,FACS加填纸白度与GCC加填纸张相当,但是不透明度比GCC加填纸高;FACS加填纸的抗张指数比GCC加填纸低11.2％,撕裂指数比GCC加填纸低21.0％;FACS加填纸张的松厚度比GCC加填纸高41.7％.加填纸张的扫描电镜对比发现,FACS能够较好地填充在纤维之间的缝隙中,可以看到纤维与填料之间有较好的交织.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press