三镜直腔结构MgO∶PPLN高效连续光参量振荡器

为了优化MgO:PPLN连续光参量振荡器(OPO)的输出特性,对三镜直腔结构的内腔式OPO系统进行腔结构设计,对其同时输出高效的信号光和闲频光进行研究。采用半导体激光端面抽运Nd:YVO4晶体实现连续的1064 nm激光为基频光。对比分析了基频激光腔和OPO腔各腔镜分别采用平面镜或平凹镜的三种腔型结构的激光输出特性。基于30.5 μm的极化周期和12.4 W入射抽运功率时,获得了最高输出功率3.92 W（信号光2.6 W和闲频光1.32 W）,转化效率31.6%的激光输出,对应的信号光和闲频光的中心波长分别为1549 nm和3394 nm。结果表明三个腔镜均采用平凹镜时,可有效的压缩基频激光腔在MgO:PPLN晶体上的光斑,提升基频激光的功率密度,而且基频激光腔和OPO腔的基模光斑在MgO:PPLN晶体上更好的匹配,从而提升变频效率。     

LD泵浦的室温运转内腔倍频473nm全固态蓝激光器

从理论上分析了准三能级系统固体激光器室温运转的条件以及实现方法,同时给出了实现473nm蓝光发射的方案.报道了用波长808.5nm,功率为2W的半导体激光器泵浦Nd:YAG,采用内腔倍频的方法,在室温下获得946nm波长准三能级连续红外激光输出120mW,以及用BBO晶体倍频获得473nm波长10mW的连续蓝色激光输出.     

可调谐锁模光纤激光器泵浦的超连续谱光源

为了实现平坦度更好、光谱覆盖可见光波段的超连续谱激光输出,研究了泵浦波长可调谐的全光纤结构超连续谱光纤激光器。设计搭建了一台非线性偏振旋转锁模脉冲光纤激光器,实现了9种中心波长的耗散孤子皮秒脉冲输出,波长调谐范围为1 041~1 076nm;以它作为种子源进行了两级功率放大,并泵浦10m长的光子晶体光纤,在泵浦激光功率为500mW时,得到9种输出光谱特性不同的超连续谱激光,得到当泵浦激光中心波长为1 050nm时,更利于实现光谱范围更宽、平坦度更好、可见光分量更多的超连续谱激光输出。为进一步拓宽超连续谱激光的光谱范围、提升光谱平坦度,将泵浦激光功率提升至1.45 W,最终实现了输出功率为600mW、短波边界为470nm、600~1 700nm内10dB光谱宽度为1 053nm的超连续谱激光输出。     

全固态355 nm连续紫外激光器的优化设计

通过优化腔型设计, 实现了LD端面抽运Nd:YVO₄腔内三次谐波转换全固态连续355 nm紫外激光器高效率输出。选用平-凹腔结构并考虑到Nd:YVO₄晶体的热透镜效应、模式匹配、倍频晶体位相匹配等因素对输出功率的影响,对谐振腔长进行了详细的分析计算。在激光谐振腔内, 1 064 nm的基频波经KTP晶体倍频产生532 nm激光,二者再经LBO晶体和频获得了355 nm紫外激光。当LD抽运功率为3 W时,355 nm连续紫外激光输出功率达6.4 mW。与折叠腔进行比较,发现在小功率抽运情况下,直腔结构紧凑、易于调节、输出功率较大。     

基于宽谱信号光注入的超荧光光纤光源

为实现高功率和高平坦度的C+L波段光超荧光输出,将超辐射发光二极管输出的宽谱信号光注入双程后向掺铒光纤超荧光光源,研究了信号光注入对超荧光光源输出功率和光谱特性的影响,优化了信号光注入功率、泵浦源抽运功率和掺铒光纤长度。结果表明:低功率、宽光谱信号光不仅可以有效提高超荧光光源的输出功率和泵浦效率,还有助于光谱的平坦化;通过使用40m W抽运功率泵浦9m的掺铒光纤,在500W信号光注入时获得了功率为10.59m W、3d B带宽大于41nm的C+L波段超荧光输出。     

全固态单纵模593.5 nm和频激光器

利用法布里-珀罗(F-P)标准具选频实现了单纵模593.5 nm激光和频输出。采用单块Nd:YVO₄晶体,通过对谐振腔输出镜膜系的设计与优化,在两镜线性腔中实现了稳定的1 064 nm与1 342 nm双波长振荡。放入I类位相匹配和频晶体LBO进行腔内和频时,抽运功率为2 W可获得52 mW的593.5 nm橙黄色激光输出,但输出光束噪声较大,其RMS噪声为6.8%。在腔内加入400 μm厚熔融石英标准具进行选频,实现了单纵模593.5 nm激光输出,单纵模线宽为600 MHz,输出功率为34 mW,RMS噪声降为0.3%,实现了低噪声输出。实验结果表明,在和频过程中,利用一块标准具对两个波长同时进行选频是获得单纵模和频光的有效方法。     

基于光纤环形镜的C+L波段高平坦高功率掺铒光源

研究并设计了一种用3 dB宽带耦合器制作的光纤环形镜作为反射镜的双级双程单管抽运高平坦度高功率C+L波段ASE光源。用2个980 nm激光二极管调试两级抽运光功率的分配,两级采用掺铒浓度不同的光纤并优化光纤长度,获得了功率高达15.28 mW(11.84 dB/m)的C＋L波段ASE光输出,平均波长为1 559.31 nm,在未采用任何外加滤波器的情况下,其平坦区域3 dB带宽66.72 nm(从1 533.12 nm至1 599.84 nm)。之后采用一个激光二极管实现两级双向同时抽运得到了同样的效果。通过光纤环形镜的使用,不仅提高了抽运源利用效率,且改善了光源的平坦度,在实验过程中,在平坦度相度相对要差一些的条件下,还通过调整两级抽运光的功率及分配比例得到了功率达到30.11 mW的C+L 波段ASE输出。     

LD端面泵浦的高输出单频Nd∶YVO_4绿光激光器

用激光二极管(LD)抽运Nd∶YVO4晶体,采用四镜环形腔结构,腔内放置由法拉第旋光器,λ/2波片及布氏片组成的光学单向器,利用KTP内腔倍频技术,实现了高输出单频Nd∶YVO4绿光激光器及稳定的单频激光输出。在9 W的泵浦功率下,最大单频绿光输出为1.1 W,光-光转化效率为12.2%。在腔内插入Cr4+∶YAG晶体,又获得了脉宽为100 ns,重复频率为21 kHz的单纵模被动调Q激光输出。     

LD端面泵浦的高输出单频Nd:YVO4绿光激光器

用激光二极管(LD)抽运Nd:YVO4晶体,采用四镜环形腔结构,腔内放置由法拉第旋光器,λ/2波片及布氏片组成的光学单向器,利用KTP内腔倍频技术,实现了高输出单频Nd:YVO4绿光激光器及稳定的单频激光输出.在9 W的泵浦功率下,最大单频绿光输出为1.1 W,光-光转化效率为12.2%.在腔内插入Cr4 :YAG晶体,又获得了脉宽为100ns,重复频率为21 kHz的单纵模被动调Q激光输出.     

四程抽运Yb:YAG薄片激光器

设计了四程抽运的Yb:YAG薄片激光器.选用掺杂原子数分数为10%,几何尺寸为Ф10 mm=300m的薄片状Yb:YAG晶体,采用铟焊工艺将其焊接到水冷系统上,用可调式恒温水箱对其进行温度控制.使用两个Ф一30 mm,R=50 mm的球面反射镜,完成了四程抽运.利用蒙特卡罗方法对抽运光斑的大小进行了计算,将反射镜轴向与光纤头轴向夹角控制在12°以内,以使抽运光斑半径与基模光斑半径比符合模式匹配原则.在LDA抽运功率为4.13 W时,获得了最高功率为670 mW的1 030 nm连续激光输出,光-光转换效率为16.2%.实验结果表明:该结构可降低激光介质的热透镜效应和应力双折射效应,获得高光束质量的激光输出,但散热系统和焊接工艺需进一步优化.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.