Ag-Cu-Ti钎料高频感应钎焊TiAl/40Cr

采用高频感应加热的方式 ,在Ar气保护条件下 ,用Ag -Cu -Ti钎料实现了TiAl基合金与 4 0Cr钢的钎焊连接 ;采用扫描电镜、电子探针、X射线衍射分析等手段对断口、界面、生成相进行了分析 ,并且测试了接头的抗拉强度。结果表明 ,在界面上有Ti(CuAl) 2 、Ag[s,s]、TiC等反应相生成 ,典型接头界面结构为TiAl/Ti(CuAl) 2 +Ag[s ,s]/Ag[s,s]/TiC/ 4 0Cr) ;断裂位置及接头的抗拉强度随保温时间而变化 ;当钎焊连接温度为 114 3K ,保温时间 0 .9ks时接头抗拉强度值最高 ,达到 2 98MPa,断裂主要发生在Ti(CuAl) 2 层内部     

TiAl与Ni基合金接触反应钎焊接头界面组织及性能

以Ti为中间层实现了TiAl与Ni基合金的接触反应钎焊。采用扫描电镜和电子探针等手段对钎焊接头的界面结构及生成相进行分析,并对接头剪切强度进行测试。结果表明:当钎焊温度为960℃时,钎缝主要由Tiss和Ti2Ni组成;当钎焊温度从960℃升高到1000℃时,钎缝中生成Ti-Al及Al-Ni-Ti化合物,典型界面结构为:GH99/(Ni,Cr)ss/Ti2Ni+AlNi2Ti+TiNi/Ti3Al+Al3NiTi2/Ti3Al+Al3NiTi2/TiAl;钎焊温度继续升高,Ti3Al和Al3NiTi2变得粗大,导致接头性能下降。当钎焊温度为1000℃,保温10min时,接头剪切强度达到最大值233MPa。随钎焊温度的升高,钎缝厚度先增加后减小。     

SiC陶瓷与TiAI合金的真空钎焊

采用Ag-Cu-Ti钎料对常压烧结的SiC陶瓷与TiAl金属间化合物进行了真空钎焊,并对接头的微观组织和室温强度进行了研究。结果表明,利用Ag-Cu-Ti钎料可以实现SiC与TiAl的连接;接头界面具有明显的层状结构,即由Ti-Cu-Si合金层、富Cu相与富Ag相的双相层和Ti-Al-Cu合金层组成;在1173K和10min的钎焊条件下,接头室温剪切强度达到173MPa。     

TiAl基合金与Ti合金的真空钎焊

采用Ag-Cu钎料与Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu钎料,对TiAl与Ti合金进行了真空钎焊试验,主要研究了采用两种钎料时的界面反应以及钎焊温度对界面组织及性能的影响.研究发现,采用Ag-Cu钎料时界面结构为:Ti/Ti(Cu,Al)2/TiCux Ag(s,s)/Ag(s,s)/Ti(Cu,Al)2/TiAl,当钎焊温度T=1 223 K,保温时间t=10 min时接头的剪切强度达到223.3 MPa;采用Ti-Zr-Ni-Cu钎料时在界面出现了Ti2Ni,Ti(Cu,Al)2等多种金属间化合物,当钎焊温度T=1 123 K,保温时间t=10 min时接头的剪切强度达到139.97 MPa.     

工艺参数对Al2O3/TC4合金接头界面组织及力学性能的影响

采用Cu＋B钎料分别在钎焊温度890～970℃,保温时间为10min;钎焊温度为930℃,保温时间0～30min条件下,钎焊A120,陶瓷与TCA合金．利用SEM,EDS和压剪试验研究接头界面组织及力学性能．结果表明,随钎焊温度升高或保温时间的延长,Ti2（Cu,Al）2O层增厚,紧邻其侧生成连续并增厚的Ti2（Cu,Al）,Ti2（Cu,Al）含量增加;Ti＋Ti2（Cu,Al）含量增加,尺寸变大,分布范围逐渐变宽并向TC4合金侧迁移,TCA合金侧过共析组织区变宽．钎焊温度低于950℃时,TiB晶须主要分布在Ti2Cu晶界处的AlCu2Ti上;当钎焊温度高于950℃时,AlCu2Ti相逐渐消失,TiB晶须主要分布于Ti2Cu上．当保温时间为10min,钎焊温度为950℃时,接头最大强度为96MPa;而当钎焊温度为930℃,保温时间为20min时,接头最大强度为83MPa．关键词：Al2O3陶瓷;TC4合金;钎焊参数;界面组织;抗剪强度     

Infrared brazing of Ti–6Al–4V using two silver-based braze alloys

Infrared brazing of Ti–6Al–4V using two silver-based alloys is evaluated in the study. For the 72Ag–28Cu brazed specimen, Ag-rich matrix, eutectic Ag–Cu and Cu–Ti interfacial reaction layer(s) are observed in the experiment. In contrast, both Ag-rich matrix and interfacial titanium aluminides, TiAl or Ti₃Al, are found in the 95Ag–5Al brazed joint. In general, the shear strength of 72Ag–28Cu brazed joint is much higher than that of 95Ag–5Al brazed specimen. Additionally, the use of infrared brazing with lower brazing temperature and/or less time can significantly decrease both dissolution of the substrate into molten braze as well as excessive growth of the interfacial reaction layer(s) in the joint. Therefore, infrared brazing has the potential to be applied in industry.     

采用Ti/Ag-Cu/Cu中间层钎焊连接Si3N4陶瓷和TiAl合金的界面结构及性能

采用Ti/Ag-Cu/Cu中间层实现了Si₃N₄陶瓷与TiAl合金的钎焊连接,获得了良好的接头.利用SEM,EDS等微观手段,分析了接头界面结构和元素分布情况.结果表明,Si₃N₄陶瓷/Ti/Ag-Cu/Cu/TiAl典型界面微观结构可能为:Si₃N₄/TiN/Ti-Si/Cu-Ti+Ag（s,s）+Cu（s,s）/AlCuTi/TiAl.在连接温度1 133 K、保温时间30 min、接头压力0.040 MPa时,接头四点弯曲强度达到最大值170 MPa.     

TC4／Ag-Cu—Ti／1Cr18Ni9Ti钎焊接头界面组织与结构

以Ag—Cu—Ti箔状钎料对钛合金TCA和不锈钢1Cr18Ni9Ti进行了真空钎焊。采用扫描电镜、能谱分析、金相显微镜和x一射线衍射等分析测试手段对钎焊过程中所形成的反应产物和接头界面结构进行了分析。结果表明：接头界面形成了Ti（s．s）、AS（s．s）、Ti—Cu金属问化合物等反应产物。连接温度较低（920℃）时,界面结构依次为1Cr18Ni9Ti／TiCu／Ag（s．s）＋少量Ti2cu／％2cu／Ti2cu＋Ti（s．s）／TC4;连接温度升高（960oC）时,界面结构为1Crl8Ni9Ti／Ti：Cu／Ti：Cu＋矩（s．s）／Ti2Cu／Ti2Cu＋Ti（s．s）／TCA;连接温度较高（1000oC）时,界面结构为1Crl8Ni9Ti／TiCu2／TiCu／Ti2Cu／Ti：Cu＋Ti（s．s）／TC4。提高钎焊温度与延长保温时间对钎焊接头界面组织结构有相似的影响,各反应相、反应层逐渐长大,金属问化合物反应相所占比例增大,而Ag（s．s）组织所占的比例变得更小,这种趋势随着焊接工艺参数的提高更加明显。     

Effect of brazing temperature and brazing time on the microstructure and tensile strength of TiAl-based alloy joints with Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni amorphous alloy as filler metal

An amorphous Ti-37.5Zr-15Cu-15Ni (wt.%) ribbon fabricated by vacuum arc remelting and rapid solidification was used as filler metal to vacuum braze TiAl alloy (Ti-45Al-2Mn-2Nb-1B (at.%)). The effects of brazing temperature and time on the microstructure and strength of the joints were investigated in details. The typical brazed joint major consisted of three zones and the brazed joints mainly consisted of α_2-Ti₃Al phase, α-Ti phase and (Ti, Zr)₂(Cu, Ni) phase. When the brazing temperature varied from 910 °C to 1010 °C for 30 min, the tensile strength of the joint first increased and then decreased. With increasing the brazing time, the tensile strength of the joint increased. The maximum room temperature tensile strength was 468 MPa when the specimen was brazed at 930 °C for 60 min. All the fracture surfaces assumed typical brittle cleavage fracture characteristic. The fracture path varied with the brazing parameter and cracks preferred to initiate at (Ti, Zr)₂(Cu, Ni) phase and propagation path were mainly determined by the content and distribution of α-Ti phase and (Ti, Zr)₂(Cu, Ni) phase.     

AgCu钎料钎焊TC4钛合金与QCr0.8铬青铜接头界面结构及性能

采用AgCu28钎料实现了TC4钛合金与QCr0.8铬青铜的真空钎焊,利用SEM, EDS以及XRD等分析方法确定TC4/AgCu/QCr0.8接头的典型界面结构为TC4钛合金/CuTi +Cu3Ti2 +CuTi2/Ag(s,s) +Cu4Ti/Ag(s,s)+Cu(s,s)/QCr0.8铬青铜. 研究了工艺参数对接头组织和性能的影响. 结果表明,随着钎焊温度和保温时间的增加,钎缝中银铜共晶组织减少,钛铜化合物增多. 接头抗剪强度随钎焊温度的升高先增加后降低,在钎焊工艺参数为890 ℃/0 min时,获得最大抗剪强度449 MPa.保温时间的延长使得接头脆性钛铜化合物增多,接头性能下降,因此随保温时间延长接头抗剪强度显著降低.     

TiAl/Ni基合金反应钎焊接头的微观组织及剪切强度(英文)

以Ti为中间层,对TiAl基金属间化合物与Ni基高温合金进行反应钎焊连接,研究反应钎焊接头的界面微观结构及剪切强度。通过实验发现,熔融中间层与两侧母材反应剧烈,生成连续的界面反应层。典型的界面微观结构为GH99/(Ni,Cr)ss(γ)/TiNi(β2)+TiNi2Al(τ4)+Ti2Ni(δ)/δ+Ti3Al(α2)+Al3NiTi2(τ3)/α2+τ3/TiAl。当钎焊温度为1000°C,保温时间10min时,所得接头的剪切强度最高为258MPa。进一步升高钎焊温度或延长保温时间,会引起钎缝组织中组成相粗化和脆性金属间化合物层的生成,从而导致接头剪切强度的降低。     

Infrared brazing of TiAl intermetallic using BAg-8 braze alloy

TiAl intermetallic alloy joined by infrared brazing using BAg-8 braze alloy was investigated. The microstructural evolution of the brazed joint, shear strength and reaction kinetics across the joint was comprehensively evaluated. According to the experimental observations, silver would not react with the TiAl substrate, but copper reacted vigorously with the TiAl, forming continuous reaction layer. The consumption of copper from molten braze during infrared brazing resulted in depletion of the copper content from the braze. Therefore, chemical composition of the braze deviated from Ag-Cu eutectic into hypoeutectic with increased brazing time and/or temperature. Both AlCuTi and AlCu₂Ti phase were observed at the interface between BAg-8 and TiAl substrate for the specimen brazed at 950°C. By increasing the brazing temperature and time, the growth rate of AlCuTi phase was much faster than that of AlCu₂Ti phase. The maximum shear strength achieved 343 MPa for the specimen infrared brazed at 950°C for 60 s. Further increasing the brazing time resulted in excessive growth of brittle AlCuTi reaction layer, which greatly deteriorated the shear strength of the joint.     

原位TiB增强ZrB2-SiC接头的界面组织和力学性能

以Ag-Cu共晶箔和Ti箔的叠层箔片为中间层,实现了ZrB2-SiC复合陶瓷自身的连接。扫描电镜和能谱分析表明:液态钎料中的Ti能够与ZrB2反应,在陶瓷表面原位生成了具有定向分布的TiB晶须,接头的典型界面结构为ZS/TiB(Ag(s,s))/TiCu(AgCu4Zr)/Ag(s,s)/TiCu(AgCu4Zr)/TiB(Ag(s,s))/ZS。研究了不同温度下接头的组织演化规律,发现ZrB2在液态钎料中的分解温度为860℃,TiB晶须的生成温度为880℃。接头在900℃下保温10 min获得最高抗剪强度134 MPa。较高的强度主要得益于原位TiB晶须阵列对陶瓷表面应力的调节,以及形成陶瓷向焊缝中心的梯度过渡。     

Ni-34Ti钎料钎焊TiAl合金接头界面结构及性能

采用Ni-34Ti共晶钎料实现了TiAl合金的钎焊连接,分析了TiAl合金钎焊接头的界面结构,重点研究了钎焊温度对接头组织及性能的影响规律.结果表明,Ni-34Ti共晶钎料主要由TiNi相和TiNi3相组成,钎料熔点为1 120 ℃.不同钎焊温度下获得的接头界面组织均呈现对称特征,无气孔和裂纹等缺陷,接头中主要形成了TiNiAl2,B2,TiNiAl和TiNi2Al四种物相.Al元素在钎缝中的快速扩散,促进了钎缝中Ti-Ni-Al三元化合物的形成.钎焊温度为1 180 ℃保温10 min条件下,TiAl合金接头获得了最大的室温抗剪强度87 MPa.剪切过程中,裂纹容易在富含TiNi2Al相的区域产生和扩展,大量脆性TiNi2Al相的存在对接头的性能是有害的.     

Vacuum brazing of TiAl-based intermetallics with Ti–Zr–Cu–Ni–Co amorphous alloy as filler metal

An amorphous Ti41.7–Zr26.7–Cu14.7–Ni13.8–Co3.1 (wt%) ribbon fabricated by melt spinning was used as filler to vacuum braze Ti–48Al–2Nb–2Cr (at%) intermetallics. The influences of brazing temperature and time on the microstructure and strength of the joints were investigated. It is found that intermetallic phases of Ti₃Al and γ-Ti₂Cu/Ti₂Ni form in the brazed joints. The tensile strength of the joint first increases and then decreases with the increase of the brazing temperature in the range of 900–1050 °C and the brazing time varying from 3 to 15 min. The maximum tensile strength at room temperature is 316 MPa when the joint is brazed at 950 °C for 5 min. Cleavage facets are widely observed on all of the fracture surfaces of the brazed joints. The fracture path varies with the brazing condition and cracks prefer to initiate at locations with relatively high content of γ-Ti₂Cu/Ti₂Ni phases and propagate through them.     

一种新型钛基钎料合金对γ-TiAl合金的钎焊性

在钎焊温度范围为1050 ~ 1125 ℃下保温10 min,采用非晶Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Co-Mo钎料成功地实现了Ti-47Al-2Nb-2Cr-0.15B (原子分数,%)合金钎焊连接. 运用SEM,EDS,XRD,TEM和维氏硬度仪等分析研究了铸态和箔带钎料显微组织、温度(900 ~ 1125 ℃)和保温时间(0 ~ 15 min)对铸态钎料在TiAl基合金表面上润湿铺展面积的影响,以及钎焊接头中界面显微组织和维氏硬度在不同钎焊温度下的变化规律. 结果表明,随着温度和保温时间的增加,铸态钎料在TiAl合金母材表面润湿铺展面积的增幅先增大后减小. 钎焊接头界面组织主要包括TiAl母材层,α₂-Ti₃Al+AlCuTi (层Ⅰ)和γ-(Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu)+α-(Ti, Zr)(层Ⅱ). 钎缝中各区域的硬度均随着钎焊温度的增加而增加,1125 ℃时获得最大值为872(±8) HV,主要与钎缝中生成的硬脆金属间化合物(Ti, Zr)₂(Ni, Cu)和α₂-Ti₃Al有关.     

Brazing of A5056 aluminium alloy with the aid of ultrasonic vibration using Ag filler metal

In order to produce a high strength brazed joint of A5056 aluminium alloy containing magnesium of about 5 mass%, the authors applied a flux-free brazing method with the aid of ultrasonic vibration to the aluminium alloy by selecting pure Ag foil as brazing filler metal and examined the effect of brazing conditions on the joint properties. The main results obtained in this study are as follows.

At a brazing temperature of 570°C, just above the eutectic point of Al–Ag binary system, application of ultrasonic vibration for 4.0 s provided the brazed joint with the maximum tensile strength and the strength decreased with the application time. When the brazing temperature was varied from 550 to 580°C and the application time of ultrasonic vibration was kept constant at 4.0 s, the joint brazed at 560°C attained the maximum tensile strength and fractured in the base metal. It was found that using a pure Ag foil as brazing filler metal successfully brazed A5056 aluminium alloy and the joint strength was equivalent to that of the base metal. Fracture of the joint was prone to occur along the (Al₃Mg₂ + Al solid solution) phase with high hardness formed at the grain boundary of the base metal. The amount of the hard (Al₃Mg₂ + Al solid solution) phase increased with the ultrasonic application time and the brazing temperature. It seemed that the increase of the hard (Al₃Mg₂ + Al solid solution) phase mainly caused the brazed joint strength to decrease.     

Microstructure and Property of Cu/Al Joint Brazed with Al-Si-Ge Filler MetalEI北大核心CSCD

Cu/Al brazing has good prospect for applications in the air conditioning and refrigeration industry. A suitable filler metal is the key of Cu/Al brazing. The chemical and physical properties of the filler metal have great influence on the brazing process and parameters. And the strength of the brazing joint is closely related to the properties of the filler metal and the brazing process. While the previous studies have not developed a kind of Cu/Al brazing filler metal which can achieve a tough joint at a low brazing temperature. In this work, the Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge filler metal was first used to braze Cu/Al dissimilar metals, and the melting characteristics of the filler metal, spreading wettability, Cu interfacial structure and strength of brazed joint were investigated systematically. Additionally, the common Zn-22Al filler metal was also used for comparison. The results show that the Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge filler metal possesses low melting temperature (about 541 degrees C) and excellent spreading wettability on Cu and Al base metals. The interfacial structure of Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge/Cu was CuAl2/CuAl/Cu3Al2. The thickness of planar CuAl and Cu3Al2 phases was only 1 similar to 2 mu m, and the thickness of cellular CuAl2 phase was about 3 mu m. The interfacial structure of Zn-22Al/Cu was CuAl2/CuAl/Cu9Al4, but the average thickness of the CuAl2 layer was up to 15 mm. The test results of the shearing strength show that the shearing strength of the Cu/Al joint brazed with Zn-22Al filler metal was only 42.7 MPa, but the shearing strength brazed with Al-5.6Si-25.2Ge filler metal was higher (53.4 MPa).     

ZrB2-SiC/Inconel 600钎焊接头界面结构与反应机理

采用Ag-28Cu钎料对ZrB2-SiC陶瓷与Inconel 600镍基合金进行真空钎焊连接。利用扫描电镜、能量色散X射线光谱仪研究了钎焊接头界面结构、断口形貌,借助万能试验机测试其剪切强度。结果表明:采用Ag-28Cu钎料对ZrB2-SiC/Inconel 600真空钎焊,可以实现接头冶金结合,接头无裂纹及微孔隙缺陷。界面反应产物为Ni-Fe-Cr合金、Cu(s,s)+Ag(s,s)固溶体、(Cr,Fe)7C3+(Cr,Fe)3C2合金碳化物,结合扩散理论和热力学分析阐述了界面产物形成机理。钎焊接头室温平均剪切强度为32.92 MPa,断裂模式为解理断裂。     

钎焊温度对Ti60合金与Si3N4陶瓷接头界面组织及性能的影响

为研究钎焊温度对Ti60/Si₃N₄接头组织与力学性能的影响,采用Ag-28Cu共晶钎料在870~910℃温度区间,保温10 min条件下进行钎焊连接.利用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪对钎焊接头界面组织进行分析,得到的典型接头界面组织结构为Ti60/Ti-Cu化合物/Ag（s,s）+Cu（s,s）/Ti-Cu化合物/Ti₅Si₃+TiN/Si₃N₄,并对钎焊接头的组织演变过程进行了分析.结果表明,随着钎焊温度的升高,Ti60侧的Ti-Cu化合物反应层与Si₃N₄陶瓷侧的Ti₅Si₃+TiN反应层厚度逐渐增加,Ag（s,s）与Cu（s,s）含量减少,同时,扩散至Si₃N₄陶瓷侧的Ti元素与液相中Cu元素反应生成Ti-Cu化合物并在Ti₅Si₃+TiN反应层中形核.剪切测试表明,在钎焊温度880℃,保温10 min工艺参数条件下获得的接头最大抗剪强度为61.7 MPa.