sol-gel法制备镉掺杂铁酸镧气敏材料

研究了气敏材料的制备条件、相组成、电导和气敏性能。结果表明:固溶体La1–xCdxFeO3(0≤x≤0.15)呈典型的p型半导体。270℃操作温度下,掺杂x(Cd2+)为25%的LaFeO3材料(700℃下热处理4h)对浓度为4.5×10–5mol·dm–3的C2H5OH的灵敏度达81.5。有望开发为一类新型的酒敏传感器。     

锌掺杂量对In_2O_3电导和气敏性能的影响

用化学共沉淀和热处理法于pH11.5～12.5时,用(NH4)2CO3作沉淀剂,制备了Zn2+掺杂的In2O3微粉。研究了Zn2+掺杂量对In2O3气敏元件电导和气敏性能的影响。结果发现,ZnO与In2O3可形成有限固溶体In2-xZnxO3(0≤x≤0.10);In1.95Zn0.05O3气敏元件在223℃工作温度下,对浓度为4.5×10–7mol/L的C2H5OH的灵敏度高达174.4,且选择性也好。     

复合钒钼酸干凝胶薄膜湿敏特性的影响因素

采用sol-gel法制备复合钒钼酸H2V12–xMoxO31±y·nH2O(0≤x≤4)干凝胶薄膜并研究了Mo含量、电极及温度等对其湿敏特性的影响。结果表明:当工作频率为1kHz,温度20℃,涂覆于金电极上的H2V10Mo2O31±y·nH2O(x=2)干凝胶薄膜在全湿度范围内具有线性好、灵敏度较高、响应快、湿滞小的特点,是一种很有前途的新型湿敏材料。     

Sm~(3+)掺杂量对Co_2Z六方铁氧体磁性能的影响

用普通陶瓷工艺制备了3BaO·2CoO·xSm2O3·(10.8–x)Fe2O3六方铁氧体,研究了Sm2O3掺杂量对Co2Z六方铁氧体在特高频段(0.3~3.0GHz)下的复磁导率频谱特性的影响。结果表明:Sm3+掺杂量x达到0.025时,材料在特高频段的磁性能得到改善,μi为16,截止频率为1.67GHz。     

钇掺杂纳米α-Fe2O3的合成及气敏性能研究

采用柠檬酸sol-gel法制备了不同掺杂量的Y2O3-Fe2O3(w(Y2O3)=0~7%)纳米粉体材料,并用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜等测试手段分析了材料的微观结构,并进行了气敏性能测试。研究发现:掺杂适量Y2O3可抑制α-Fe2O3晶粒的生长,提高粉体材料的气敏性能,其中掺杂量为5%的烧结型气敏元件在160℃的较低温度条件下,对汽油有较高的灵敏度,较好的选择性及响应–恢复特性,且线性检测范围较宽。     

Sm_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)FeO_3的制备及其气敏性能

用Sr对SmFeO3进行A位掺杂,用柠檬酸盐sol-gel法制得Sm0.9Sr0.1FeO3粉体。对其进行XRD表征,并制成气敏元件。采用静态配气法测试其气敏性能。结果表明:该粉体为斜方晶系钙钛矿结构,平均晶粒尺寸约为25nm。在空气中的电导较SmFeO3高50倍左右,最佳工作温度下降160℃。在220℃的最佳工作温度下,气敏元件对体积分数为5×10–4乙醇的灵敏度高达56,且其选择性好,响应–恢复时间分别为40s和50s,有望开发成为对乙醇检测的气敏材料。     

掺SiO2的WO3纳米粉体的合成及其NO2气敏特性

采用sol-gel法制备了一系列掺有SiO2的WO3纳米粉体,通过X射线衍射仪、透射电镜等测试手段分析了材料的微观结构,测试了材料的气敏性能,探讨了煅烧温度、掺杂量、工作温度等对材料气敏性能的影响。研究发现:适量SiO2的掺杂有利于提高WO3对NO2气体的灵敏度,其中SiO2掺杂量为3%(质量分数)的气敏元件,在150℃工作温度下,灵敏度达713,响应–恢复时间分别为7s与26s。对WO3的NO2气敏机理也进行了探讨。     

PMS对PBSZT压电陶瓷结构与性能的影响

采用传统固相合成法制备了Pb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3掺杂的(1–x)(Pb0.92Ba0.02Sr0.06)(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3-xPb(Mn1/3Sb2/3)O3[xPMS-(1–x)PBSZT]压电陶瓷。通过XRD、SEM和准静态d33仪等手段探讨了PMS掺杂量对xPMS-(1–x)PBSZT陶瓷样品的相结构、显微结构和电性能的影响。结果表明:适量的PMS掺杂有助于降低陶瓷样品的烧结温度,x=0.01的样品在1 230℃烧结具有最大体积密度7.83 g/cm3。当x=0.02时,其具有最佳综合电性能,主要参数为:d33=349pC/N,kp=0.592,εr=1 587,tanδ=0.46%。     

微波水解法制备In2O3纳米颗粒及气敏性能研究

以InCl3.4H2O为原料,用微波水解法制备In2O3纳米颗粒,并用TEM、XRD对合成材料的形貌和结构进行了表征。结果表明,所制的产品为球形In2O3,平均粒径为20 nm;用静态配气法测试了材料的气敏特性,与恒温水解制备的氧化铟材料的气敏特性基本一致。5.0 V加热电压下,对50×10–6酒精蒸气有较好的气敏性能,灵敏度为9.51,响应/恢复时间为6 s/6 s。     

Ca[(Li_(1/3)Nb_(2/3))_(0.95)Zr_(0.15-x)Ti_x]O_(3+δ)陶瓷的微波介电性能

研究了Zr和Ti复合取代Ca[(Li1/3Nb2/3)0.95Zr0.15-xTix]O3+δ(0≤x≤0.15,CLNZT)陶瓷B位对其晶体结构及微波介电性能的影响,并分析了谐振频率温度系数τf随容忍因子t的变化关系。当0≤x≤0.15时,CLNZT陶瓷为单一斜方钙钛矿相,随x的增加,τf由–9.4×10–6/℃变为–15.8×10–6/℃,而品质因数与谐振频率乘积Q·f值先增大,x=0.10时又开始下降。当x=0.10时,陶瓷具有较好的微波介电性能:εr为32.8,Q·f值为1.66×104GHz,τf为–13.6×10–6/℃。     

Ba6-3xNd8+2xTi18O54陶瓷的微波合成及低温烧结

采用微波加热法于1 100℃保温30 min(升温速率为20℃/min)合成Ba6-3xNd8+2xTi18O54(x=0.30～0.75,BNT)陶瓷粉末,再添加质量分数45％的B2O3-SiO2-CaO-MgO( BM)玻璃,在马弗炉中于900℃烧结2h制得BNT陶瓷.研究了所制陶瓷的微观结构及性能.结果表明:微波...     

Ba_5(Nb_(1-x)Sb_x)_4O_(15)微波介电陶瓷的低温烧结

添加质量分数为1%的H3BO3为助烧剂。研究了Ba5(Nb1–xSbx)4O15(0≤x≤0.2)陶瓷的烧结特性、显微结构和微波介电性能。结果表明:当x≤0.15时,该类陶瓷可在900℃附近烧结,并伴有少量BaSb2O6和BaB2O4相;随着x从0增加到0.2,εr和τf均有较大幅度下降;Q.f先升后降。在900℃烧成温度下,x为0.15的陶瓷获得较好的微波介电性能:εr为29.21,Q.f为13 266 GHz,τf为11×10–6℃–1,并能与Ag电极很好相容,基本满足LTCC工艺的要求。     

CSBT-BNT-NT系高介瓷料α_ε系列化的研究

进行了具有高介电常数的 (Ca,Sr,Ba) Ti O3(CSBT) - Ba6 - 3x Nd8+ 2 x Ti1 8O5 4 (BNT) - Nd2 Ti2 O7(NT)系瓷料介电常数温度系数 (αε)系列化的研究 ,采用多相混合控制技术 ,按李赫涅德凯混合法则 ,调整该三元系瓷料αε系列。研制的瓷料介电性能 :εr=90～ 15 0 ;tgδ( 2 0℃ ,1 MHz) ≤ (0 .5～ 5 .0 )× 10 - 4 ;αc( - 2 5～ + 85℃ ) =((0～ - 75 0 )± 6 0 )× 10 - 6℃ - 1 ;ρv( 2 0℃ ,DC 1 0 0 V) ≥ 10 1 2 Ω· cm。     

Energy Spectra of the Local States in the Forbidden Gap of Monoclinic TlInS 2x Se 2(1−x) Crystals

Near IR properties of the mixed TlInS_2xSe_2(1?x) have been studied previously by the present authors. In this work the temperature and frequency dependence's of the conductivity and the current-voltage characteristics (in relatively weak electric field), have been investigated for monoclinic TlInS_2xSe_2(1?x) crystals, which are perspective materials for IR applications. From the temperature dependence's of conductivity in the direction perpendicular to c- axis the band gap E^g = 2.22 eV was determined for β--TlInS₂ crystals. The impurity centres were determined located at 0.43, 0.73 eV and 0.35, 0.48, 1.12 eV for the direction of current i//c and i ⊥ c, respectively. The concentration of the centres located at 0.48 and 1.12 eV were calculated to be N_A ? N_D = 4.8 · 10⁹ cm^?3 and 1.9 · 10¹¹ cm^?3, respectively. It was found that in the solid solutions TlInS_2xSe_2(1?x) for 0.3 ≤ x ≤ 1, the conductivity follows the dependence σ (v) = σ₀·υ^s in the temperature range between 100 to 600 K. In the temperature range of 80-400 K charge bounce plays an important role in the conductivity mechanism. Occurrence of the deep and low-levels impurity centres and a “tail” of the density of energy states in TlInS_2xSe_2(1?x) crystals make them perspective for practical applications: switching and memory effects, N-type current-voltage characteristics, induced conductivity etc.     

Ce4+掺杂对LiFePO4/C正极极材料微观结构和性能的影响

采用碳热还原法合成了LiFe1-2xCexPO4/C(0≤x≤0.03)锂离子电池正极材料。利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、恒流充放电、循环伏安法等手段对Ce4+掺杂前后磷酸铁锂正极材料的结构和电化学性能进行了表征。结果表明,随着Ce4+掺入量的增加,LiiFe1-2xCerPO4/C材料的电化学性能,特别是较高倍率(5～1...     

铌锑酸镁陶瓷的烧结和微波介电性能

用固相反应法制备了一系列铌锑酸镁(Sb含量x≤2)陶瓷,研究了该陶瓷的烧结性能、物相结构和微波介电性能。结果表明,当x≤1.6时,铌锑酸镁形成了连续固溶体,少量Sb5+对Nb5+的取代(0.4≤x≤0.8),使得陶瓷最佳烧结温度从1400℃降到1300℃,而材料εr和Q·f值没有降低。1300℃,5h烧结的铌锑酸镁陶瓷具有优异的微波介电性能:εr为11.61,Q·f为169820GHz,τf为–54.4×10–6℃–1。     

Development of transparent conducting copper and iron co-doped cadmium oxide films: Effect of annealing in hydrogen atmosphere

Hydrogenated (annealed in hydrogen atmosphere) cadmium oxide (CdO) thin films co-doped with iron (Fe) of different levels and fixed (2.5%) copper (Cu) amount were deposited on glass and silicon wafer substrates by thermal evaporation. The films were characterised with X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, optical spectroscopy, and dc-electrical measurements. The obtained results show important improvements in the conductivity, mobility, and carrier concentration compared to un-doped and non-hydrogenated CdO. Hydrogenated CdO doped with 2.5% Cu and 1.3% Fe improved the conductivity (2293.6 S/cm) by ~46 times, mobility (78.31 cm²/V s) by ~11 times, and carrier concentration (1.82×10²⁰ cm⁻³) by ~4 times. This suggests the possibility of using CdO:Cu:Fe–H as transparent-conducting-oxide and dilute-magnetic-semiconductor field of applications.