茅台高温发酵应激反应活性酵母衍生物中的蛋白解析

建立酵母细胞应激高温和酒精共同刺激的茅台酒高温发酵工艺实验模型,采用双向电泳方法分析茅台酒高温发酵工艺对酵母细胞活性衍生物(LYCD)中应激蛋白的影响,采用银染显色扫描胶图后用Image Master 2DPlatinum5.0凝胶电泳分析软件对胶图分析,检出了23个差异蛋白点.质谱鉴定得到3个重要蛋白,为探讨茅台酒高温发酵工艺的发酵机理提供了依据.     

酒精应激产生活性酵母细胞衍生物的研究

对酒精应激条件下产生活性酵母细胞衍生物(Live Yeast Cell Derivative,简称LYCD)进行了研究.结果表明,当酒精浓度为4%～8%时,LYCD的活性显著增加,当酒精浓度为8%时,LYCD活性达到最大值;在刺激时间为20 min时,LYCD的活性达到最大值.     

耐高渗酵母的筛选及其抗氧化能力的研究

本文为验证高渗应激与氧化应激的相关性,以酿酒酵母为研究材料,以紫外照射法对其诱变处理并筛选出耐高渗菌株。探讨了高渗应激条件下产生的活性酵母衍生物(Live Yeast Cell Derivative,简称LY-CD)的抗氧化物质的变化情况。结果表明:酵母高渗应激反应可增加LYCD中蛋白质含量;提高总抗氧化能力(T-AOC);提高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性与谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量。说明高渗应激刺激酵母细胞形成的LYCD对细胞具有抗氧化作用。     

高温发酵工艺酵母应激机制的初步研究

为研究酱香型白酒中的有益微量成分及其产生机理,优化高温发酵工艺,采用双向电泳和质谱技术,对酵母高温发酵过程中应激反应产生的活性酵母细胞衍生物(LYCD)进行了蛋白质组水平的分析.结果表明,高温和酒精应激导致蛋白表达差异明显,对其中8个差异点进行质谱鉴定,肽质指纹分析发现S-腺苷甲硫氨酸合成酶在应激反应中特有大量表达,细胞色素c过氧化物酶、肌动蛋白、乙醇脱氢酶、烯醇酶等表达量明显增加.说明高温发酵酵母可通过酶系防御体系和氨基酸生物合成等发挥应激保护作用.     

糠醛对酿酒酵母应激产生LYCD的研究

以糠醛作为应激因子,采用单因素及正交实验研究糠醛应激酵母后产生高活性酵母细胞衍生物(LYCD)的条件。结果表明,产生高活性LYCD的最佳条件为:糠醛浓度0.3 mL/L,作用时间15 min。     

酵母应激条件下产生抗氧化剂的研究

本文对酿酒酵母在低温和H2O2两种应激条件下产生的LYCD进行了研究,主要探讨了其中抗氧化物质的变化情况.结果表明：低温预处理能够显著增加细胞内谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量,提高SOD、CAT活性.低温预处理可以诱导对致死浓度H2O2的抗性.低温和H2O2刺激酵母细胞形成的LYCD对细胞具有抗氧化作用.     

抑制浓度下铅铜对啤酒废酵母产LYCD活力影响

以废酵母为研究对象、利用废液为培养基,在生长抑制浓度下分别探讨铅、铜离子对啤酒废酵母产生活性酵母细胞衍生物(LiveYeastCellDerivative,简称LYCD)的活力影响.结果表明:废酵母在废液中培养28h可达到对数生长期;当废液中Pb2+、Cu2+浓度分别达到300、100mg/L时可对废酵母产生明显生长抑制;当Pb2+、Cu2+的作用浓度分别为340、160mg/L,应激时间分别是30、15min时,啤酒废酵母产的LYCD活性强.     

耐高温活性干酵母在武陵二曲、回糟酒生产中的应用

耐高温活性干酵母在武陵二曲、回糟酒生产中的应用张国锦，吴信群，刘晖，孙智忠湖南常德酿酒工业集团公司（４１５０００）关键词大曲酱香型；二曲酒；回糟酒；ＴＨ－ＡＡＤＹ；糖化酶；工艺改革中国名酒武陵酒系酱香型高温大曲酒，其传统工艺源于茅台酒，但与茅台酒的工...     

碳、氮源对啤酒废酵母产活酵母细胞衍生物影响

以重庆啤酒集团宜宾分公司的废酵母为研究对象,探讨培养基中碳、氮源的含量及种类对啤酒废酵母产活酵母细胞衍生物(Live Yeast Cell Derivative,简称LYCD)的影响.结果表明,当葡萄糖为外加碳源(碳源含量为1.3%)、磷酸氢二铵为外加氮源(氮源含量为0.20%)、刺激时间为45min时,可使啤酒废酵母在37℃下产LYCD的活性强.     

茅台酒酿酒极端环境与极端酿酒微生物

茅台酒独特的极端高温制曲、高温堆积发酵、高温厌氧发酵等酿酒环境长期对酿酒微生物进行驯化,各种微生物经过遗传、变异、消长和衍化等微生物群落的演替,促成了酿酒微生态环境中丰富的耐高温、耐高酸和耐高酒度等极端微生物的富集。茅台酒酿造过程中极端酿酒微生物代谢产生多种热稳定性的酶,如淀粉酶、蛋白酶、糖化酶、纤维素酶、葡萄糖甘酶、木聚糖酶、参与氧化还原反应的各种脱氢酶、磷酸烯醇丙酮酸激酶及DNA聚合酶等。各极端酿酒微生物及其代谢产生的酶系在发酵过程产生了茅台酒独特的酒体成分,赋予了茅台酒独特的风格和完美的品质。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press