超声熔铸法制备石墨烯纳米片增强ADC12复合材料的显微组织及力学性能（英文）

采用高能超声熔铸法制备石墨烯纳米片增强ADC12铝基复合材料,并对其显微组织及力学性能进行研究。实验结果表明,高能超声可有效促进石墨烯纳米片在熔体中的均匀分散,同时石墨烯纳米片的加入能细化α(Al)相和Si相。得到较优的石墨烯纳米片添加量是0.9%(质量分数),较优的超声时间是12min,在该参数下制备的复合材料抗拉强度、屈服强度和显微硬度分别为256.8 MPa、210.6 MPa和HV 126.0,与相同条件下的基体合金相比分别提高30.5%、42.7%和34.8%。基体中加入石墨烯纳米片后,其断裂机制逐步由脆性断裂向韧性断裂转变。良好界面的结合和分散性的改善使得复合在基体中的石墨烯纳米片能更好地发挥细晶强化、位错强化和载荷转移强化作用。     

Processing and mechanical properties of SiC particulate reinforced AZ91 composites fabricated by stir casting

The influence of stirring parameters （stirring temperature, stirring speed and stirring time） on the particle distribution of 10%（volume fraction） SiC particulate reinforced AZ91 composites （SiCp/AZ91） was studied. It is found that it is necessary for 10μm SiC particulate reinforced AZ91 composites to stir the molten composites in semi-solid condition with vortex formation, or else the cluster of the reinforcements would not be eliminated. Compared with the monolithic alloy, the SiCp/AZ91 composite has higher strength, especially for yield strength, but the elongation is reduced. For the as-cast composite, the particles often segregate within the grain boundary regions. Extrusion can effectively reduce the segregation of SiC particles and improve the mechanical properties of the composite. The extrusion-induced reduction in particle size varies with extrusion temperatures and extrusion ratios. The effect of extrusion-induced reduction in particle size on the mechanical properties of the composites is not always beneficial.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium metal matrix composites with addition of bamboo leaf ash by stir casting method

Al-4.5%Cu alloy was used as a matrix at 2%, 4% and 6% of bamboo leaf ash (BLA) which was extruded from agro waste and was used as reinforcement. The composite which was fabricated by stir casting method possessed superior properties due to an effective bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles. The fabricated composite specimens were subjected to various tests to determine the mechanical properties such as density, porosity, hardness and tensile strength. The results were compared with basic matrix alloy. Furthermore, the OM, SEM with EDAX and XRD analyses were carried out to analyze the dispersion of the reinforced particles in the selected matrix alloy. It was observed that the homogeneous distribution of BLA particles in composites was intragranular in nature. Moreover, it was also observed that BLA particles were well bonded with matrix alloy with clear interface. It was also found that the density decreased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles and porosity increased with increase in mass fraction of BLA particles. The hardness and tensile strength were increased up to 4% of BLA in the composite, with a further increase in BLA content the hardness and tensile strength decreased.     

Enhanced mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr casting via friction stir processing

Mg-10Gd-3Y-0.5Zr casting was subjected to friction stir processing (FSP) at a tool rotation rate of 800 rpm and a traverse speed of 50 mm/min. FSP resulted in the fundamental dissolution of the coarse network-like β-Mg₅(Gd,Y) phase and remarkable grain refinement (∼6.1 μm), thereby significantly improving the strength and ductility of the casting. Post-FSP aging resulted in the precipitation of fine β′′ and β′ particles in a fine-grained magnesium matrix, producing an ultimate tensile strength of 439 MPa and a yield strength of 330 MPa. FSP combined with aging is a simple and effective approach to enhancing the mechanical properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zr casting.     

离心铸造自生Zn—Al—Si表面复合材料的组织与性能

采用热膜金属型离心铸造Zn-27Al-5Si合金,获得了内层含大量初晶Si,外层有少量初晶Si,中层为细小共晶Si的表面复合材料,考察了复合材料的组织形貌和复合材料的,吧及模温和转速对组织的影响。结果,随着模温的提高,初晶Si、共晶Si和基体组织变得粗大;随着模转速的增加,初晶Si在内侧富集层厚度减小,初晶Si面积比增大。复合材料的内层由于聚集了大量初晶Si而具有较高的硬度和较优的耐磨性。复合材料的断裂方式为脆性断裂,含共晶Si的中层在断裂中比含块状初晶Si的内层经历了更多的塑性变形。     

Microstructure and properties of mechanical alloying particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites prepared by semisolid stirring pouring method

Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with mechanical alloying particles(SiC_p) were fabricated by the semisolid stirring pouring method. The inf luence of mechanical alloying particles and Mg on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites was investigated by means of optical microscopy(OM), X-ray diffraction scanning(XRD), electron microscopy(SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS). Results show that the addition of Mg converts the agglomerate mechanical al oying particles in ZL101 matrix composites into dispersed distribution in ZL101-Mg matrix composites, large matrix grains into f ine equiaxed matrix grains, and eutectic phase into f ine particles. So the mechanical properties of ZL101-Mg matrix composites are better than those of ZL101 matrix composites. The mechanical properties of ZL101/ZL101-Mg matrix composites are gradually increased with the increase of the volume fraction of mechanical alloying particles. When the volume fraction of mechanical alloying particles is 3%, the Vickers hardness and ultimate tensile strength of the ZL101/ZL101-Mg matrix composites reach their maximum values.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy prepared by lost foam casting

The microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ91 alloy prepared by lost foam casting(LFC) and various heat treatments have been investigated. The microstructure of the AZ91 alloy via LFC consists of dominant α-Mg and β-Mg17Al12 as well as a new phase Al32 Mn25 with size of about 5-50μm, which has not been detected in AZ91 alloy prepared by other casting processes. The tests demonstrate that the as-cast mechanical properties are higher than those of sand gravity casting because of chilling and cushioning effect of foam pattern during the mould filling. The solution kinetics and the aging processes at different temperatures were also investigated by hardness and electrical resistivity measurements. The kinetics of aging are faster at the high temperature due to enhanced diffusion of atoms in the matrix, so the hardness peak at 380℃ occurs after 10 h; while at the lower aging temperature(150℃), the peak is not reached in the time(24 h) considered.     

搅拌铸造SiC_p/2024铝基复合材料的显微组织与力学性能

利用搅拌铸造?热挤压工艺制备SiCp/2024铝基复合材料板材,研究该复合材料铸态、热挤压态和热处理态的显微组织及力学性能。结果表明:SiC颗粒较均匀地分布于铸锭中,大部分SiC颗粒沿晶界分布,少数颗粒分布于晶内,晶界粗大的第二相呈非连续状分布;复合材料经热挤压变形后,显微孔洞等铸造缺陷明显消除,破碎的晶界第二相及SiC颗粒沿热挤压方向呈流线分布,复合材料的强度和塑性显著提高;对热挤压板材进行(495℃,1h)固溶处理+(177℃,8h)时效处理后,其抗拉强度达430MPa,此时的主要析出强化相为S′(Al2CuMg);热挤压变形有利于改善SiC颗粒与基体合金的界面结合,热处理SiCp/2024铝基复合材料的主要断裂方式为基体合金的延性断裂、SiC颗粒断裂和SiC/Al的界面脱粘。     

Microstructures and mechanical properties of WE43 magnesium alloy prepared by friction stir processing

Mg-3.99Y-3.81Nd-0.53 Zr(WE43) casting alloy was subjected to single-pass friction stir processing(FSP) at a constant processing speed of 60 mm-min^-1 and various rotation speeds of 400,800,1200,and 1500 r·min^-1,and microstructures and mechanical properties of the experimental materials were investigated.FSP results in the generation of fine-grained microstructure,and fundamental breakage and dissolution of the coarse second phases.With the rotation speeds increasing,the aver...     

《搅拌摩擦加工制备GNPs/Al复合材料的微观结构与力学性能》

本文以纯铝为基体,利用搅拌摩擦加工(FSP)制备GNPs/Al复合材料,研究了复合材料基体组织、增强相与界面等微观结构与力学性能,探讨了其增强机理。结果表明,添加GNPs并经FSP后复合材料基体晶粒得到明显细化且晶界由小角度为主转变为大角度为主;FSP制备过程致使GNPs片层一定程度剥离的同时,较大片径的GNPs被破碎而形成众多边缘缺陷,使其易发生Al-C原子扩散,结果在GNPs边缘与基体形成界面过渡;GNPs加入量约1.8vol%时,复合材料的屈服强度和抗拉强度达到72MPa和147MPa,较同等条件FSP的基体分别提高了89.5%和79.3%,理论计算界面载荷传递、Orowan和细晶强化依次是复合材料的主要增强机制;随着GNPs加入量的增加,复合材料屈服强度实验值与理论值的增长趋势一致,且偏差也略有提高,但可能因GNPs在复合材料中的杂乱排布,界面载荷传递强化不能充分发挥,实际的复合材料屈服强度与理论值尚有差距。     

热挤压变形对搅拌铸造SiCp/2024复合材料显微组织与力学性能的影响

利用搅拌铸造?热挤压工艺制备SiCp/2024复合材料板材。通过金相观察(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)及力学性能测试等手段研究了该复合材料热挤压变形前后的显微组织与力学性能。结果表明,复合材料铸坯主要由大小为80μm~100μm的等轴晶组成,晶界第二相粗大呈非连续状分布,SiC颗粒较均匀地分布于基体合金,大部分SiC颗粒沿晶界分布,少数颗粒分布于晶内;热挤压变形后,显微孔洞等铸造缺陷和SiC颗粒团聚现象明显消除,SiC颗粒及破碎的第二相沿热挤压方向呈流线分布,复合材料的强度和塑性显著提高;拉伸断口表明,热挤压变形有利于改善SiC颗粒与基体合金的界面结合;SiCp/2024复合材料主要的断裂方式为SiC颗粒断裂和SiC/Al的界面脱粘。     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium composites prepared by spark plasma sintering technology

Spark plasma sintering (SPS) technology was used to determine the appropriate conditions for SPS sintering of commercially pure magnesium as well as the magnesium alloy AZ31. It was found that the sintering temperatures of 585 °C and 552 °C were the most suitable sintering temperatures for the magnesium and the AZ31 alloy, respectively. Magnesium matrix and AZ31 alloy matrix composites reinforced with SiC particles were then successfully fabricated by the SPS method at sintering temperatures of 585 °C and 552 °C, respectively. A uniform distribution of SiC particles was observed along the boundary between matrix particles. The mechanical properties, i.e. hardness and tensile strength increased with increasing SiC content up to 10 wt%. However, when the SiC content was larger than 10 wt%, the tensile strength decreased due to the agglomeration of SiC particles. The agglomeration of SiC particles was found to lead to the degradation of the interfacial bonding strength between matrix and reinforcement.     

多道次搅拌摩擦加工AZ31镁合金宽板的组织与性能

通过重叠率为0.5的多道次搅拌摩擦加工(Multi-pass friction stir processing,MFSP)成功制备出了无缺陷的AZ31镁合金宽板,对板材的组织、宏观织构、各方向的拉伸性能及断口形貌等进行了测试分析。结果表明,由于搅拌区的动态再结晶作用,板材的晶粒尺寸从165μm细化到12.9μm,细化效果显著。与轧制母材相比,MFSP宽板的抗拉强度与屈服强度有所下降,但是塑性得到了明显提高,加工方向伸长率由16%提高到46.6%,垂直于加工方向的样品伸长率由16%提高到24.4%。板材的力学性能存在一定的各向异性,通过断口观察发现这可能与多道次加工的不均匀过渡区有关。     

2195-T6铝锂合金搅拌摩擦焊接头微观组织结构与力学性能

采用冷源辅助搅拌摩擦焊对2 mm厚的HSn70-1锡黄铜进行对接焊接,并获得了无缺陷的焊接接头. 利用光学显微镜、电子背散射衍射、透射电子显微镜和拉伸试验,分析搅拌区的微观组织及其对强化机制和应变硬化行为的影响. 结果表明,干冰乙醇混合物的快速冷却作用不仅消除了热影响区,还抑制了搅拌区的位错回复和晶粒长大. 搅拌区呈现具有较高位错密度的超细晶结构,搅拌区的抗拉强度为486 MPa,比母材提高了53.8%,断后伸长率也达到了30%,搅拌区屈服强度较母材提高了47.1%,其强化机制主要为固溶强化和晶界强化,但搅拌区的应变硬化行为主要受晶粒尺寸和位错密度的影响. 由拉伸过程中产生的纳米尺度变形孪晶可协调塑性变形,并有效缓解应力集中,使搅拌区强度提高的同时仍具有良好的延展性.

     

Effect of pressure on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-based alloy prepared by squeeze casting

A new high-strength aluminum alloy with better fluidity than that of ZL205A was developed. The effect of applied pressure during squeeze casting on microstructures and properties of the alloy was studied. The results show that the fluidity of the alloy is 16% and 21% higher than that of ZL205A at the pouring temperature of 993 K and 1 013 K, respectively. Compared with permanent-mold casting, mechanical properties of the alloy prepared by squeeze casting are much higher. The tensile strength and elongation of the alloy are 520 MPa and 7.9% in squeeze casting under an applied pressure of 75 MPa, followed by solution treatment at 763 K for 1 h and at 773 K for 8 h, quenching in water at normal temperature and aging at 463 K for 5 h. The improvement of mechanical properties is attributed to the remarkable decreasing of the secondary dendrite arm spacing(SDAS) and eliminating of micro-porosity in the alloy caused by applied pressure.     

Fabrication and characterization of cast magnesium matrix composites by vacuum stir casting process

A vacuum stir casting process is developed to produce SiC_p reinforced cast magnesium matrix composites. This process can eliminate the entrapment of external gas onto melt and oxidation of magnesium during stirring synthesis. Two composites with Mg-Al9Zn and Mg-Zn5Zr alloys as matrices and 15 vol.% SiC particles as reinforcement are obtained. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites and the unreinforced alloys in as-cast and heat treatment conditions are analyzed and evaluated. In 15 vol.% SiC_p reinforced Mg-Al9Zn alloy-based composite (Mg-Al9Zn/15SiC_p), SiC particles distribute homogenously in the matrix and are well bonded with magnesium. In 15 vol.% SiC_p reinforced Mg-Zn5Zr alloy-based composite (Mg-Zn5Zr/15SiC_p), some agglomerations of SiC particles can be seen in the microstructure. In the same stirring process conditions, SiC reinforcement is more easily wetted by magnesium in the Mg-Al9Zn melt than in the Mg-Zn5Zr melt. The significant improvement in yield strength and elastic modulus for two composites has been achieved, especially for the Mg-Al9Zn/15SiC_p composite in which yield strength and elastic modulus increase 112 and 33%, respectively, over the unreinforced alloy, and increase 24 and 21%, respectively, for the Mg-Zn5Zr/15SiC_p composite. The strain-hardening behaviors of the two composites and their matrix alloys were analyzed based on the microstructure characteristics of the materials.     

非晶颗粒增强纯铝基复合材料的组织与性能

采用机械合金化制备了Al70Ni17Ti13非晶粉末,在450℃下采用无压烧结-热压工艺烧结制备了铝基复合材料,研究了不同含量的非晶粉末的加入对纯铝基复合材料显微组织及力学性能的影响。结果表明:复合材料的硬度随着增强体含量的增加逐渐增加,但其抗拉强度随着增强体含量的增加呈现出先上升后下降的趋势。复合材料的显微硬度由纯铝的46 HV0.01提高到195.3 HV0.01,效果显著。当非晶粉末颗粒体积分数为10%时,抗拉强度达到最大值为196.6 MPa,相比纯铝抗拉强度性能提升了113%。当非晶粉末颗粒体积分数为15%时,复合材料的耐蚀性能最佳。     

搅拌铸造法制备SiC_p/Al复合材料中气孔形成研究

采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对机械搅拌法制备的SiCp/Al复合材料中的微孔进行了观察分析,并通过对复合材料孔隙率的测定,研究了SiCp/Al复合材料孔隙率的影响因素。结果表明,SiCp/Al复合材料中存在有颗粒与气孔相互作用形成的颗粒团聚型气孔,复合材料中局部存在有大气孔和均匀分散在颗粒周围的细小氢气孔。此外,预热模具可降低复合材料的气孔率;复合材料的颗粒含量增加,气孔率升高。     

热处理对电渣熔铸WC颗粒增强钢基复合材料组织和性能的影响

采用电渣熔铸技术制备了以5CrNiMo模具钢为基体,WC颗粒为硬质相的钢基复合材料。用金相分析方法研究了该颗粒增强钢基复合材料熔铸原始态、锻造退火态和淬火回火态的显微组织,进行了洛氏硬度和冲击试验。结果表明,复合材料钢基体的WC颗粒分布较为均匀,组织致密。白色WC颗粒周围包裹着一圈黑色条带的Fe₃W₃C和WMoC₂复合碳化物。经过热处理后,材料的洛氏硬度和冲击韧度均较原始态有明显提高。