板翅式换热器板翅结构强度影响因素分析

为了提高不锈钢板翅式换热器的承压能力,利用有限元软件ANSYS,对不锈钢锯齿型板翅结构进行强度分析,讨论了翅距、翅厚、节距、翅高、翅片形成半径及压差等对翅片强度及安全性能的影响.计算结果表明,由于焊缝和锯齿型翅片几何结构的综合影响,焊缝和两排翅片连接处成为受力薄弱环节.翅距、翅厚、压差是影响翅片强度的重要因素,翅距减小,翅厚增大,翅片内外通道压差减小时,翅片的承压能力越强安全性能越好;翅高、翅片节距、翅片加工尺寸对翅片的安全性能影响较小.     

锯齿型翅片内不同温区氦气流动与传热性能对比及节距对翅片性能影响的研究

为分析板翅式换热器在低温工况下的流动换热性能与常温工况下的差异和翅片节距对其性能影响,建立氦气在锯齿翅片通道内流动与传热的数值模型,开展数值模拟分析。结果表明：低温氦气在锯齿型翅片通道内的传热性能优于常温氦气。在氦气入口温度为20 K时,j因子比300 K时提升1.1%～55.9%,比77 K时提升0.41%～13.01%;在氦气入口温度为77 K时,j因子比300 K时提升0.53%～38.47%。低温氦气在锯齿型翅片通道内的流动性能比常温氦气差。在氦气入口温度为20 K时,f因子比300 K时高16.84%～28.87%,比77 K时高3.98%～23.19%。翅片节距大小在不同温区下对翅片流动与传热性能均有显著影响。在不同温区下,j因子随着翅片节距增大而减小,f因子随着翅片节距减小而增大。低雷诺数时,JF因子随着翅片节距减小而增大,而高雷诺数时则出现相反的趋势。     

锯齿与打孔翅片表面性能数值模拟

以两种翅片表面(锯齿翅片、打孔翅片)为研究对象,采用 FLUENT 软件模拟和分析不同结构参数和数对翅片表面传热与流动阻力的影响,得出不同结构参数和操作参数下两种翅片的表面性能曲线;分别分析了锯齿翅片的翅片高度、翅片间距、翅片厚度和切开长度以及打孔翅片开孔率对翅片表面流动与传热性能影响;分析比较了两种翅片的性能.     

对流-辐射型墙面板换热器供热性能模拟

提出一种结构简单,可实现对流换热和辐射换热一体化的对流-辐射型墙面板换热器,建立其供热模型并进行试验验证,分析翅片高度、翅片间距和管中心距等对供热性能的影响。研究结果表明,3个结构参数对换热器供热性能均有一定影响:当翅片高度由20 mm增大到30 mm时,墙面板换热器单位面积总换热量增加11.9%;翅片间距由10 mm增大到20 mm,管中心距由30 mm增大到45 mm时,墙面板换热器单位面积换热量分别减少9.2%和4.3%。     

微通道冷凝器空气侧性能的实验研究

对13个微通道冷凝器空气侧性能进行实验研究,分析空气侧换热系数和压降与迎面空气流速、翅片片距、百叶窗翅片开窗数、扁管宽度及扁管高度之间的关系,并将实验值与3个不同的百叶窗翅片换热及压降关联式的预测值进行比较。结果表明：翅片片距和扁管宽度对空气侧性能影响较大,3个关联式中Kim—Bullard关联式预测偏差相对最小,换热系数的预测偏差在0～-30％以内,摩擦系数的偏差在±20％偏差范围内。最后基于已有实验数据,对KimBullard关联式进行重新拟合。     

对流-辐射型墙面板换热器结构优化

针对对流-辐射型墙面板换热器结构进行优化设计,采用j/f1/3作为综合性能评价指标,利用正交试验法模拟分析结构参数对换热性能的影响,得出墙面板换热器的优化结构。研究结果表明:当翅片高度由20 mm增大到30 mm时,空气侧换热能力的增大幅度大于压力损失的增大幅度;当管中心距由30 mm增大到45 mm时,空气侧换热能力增大而压力损失减小;当翅片间距由5 mm增大到10 mm时,空气侧换热能力的增大幅度大于压力损失的增大幅度;墙面板换热器的优化结构为翅片间距10 mm,翅片高度30 mm,管中心距45 mm。     

百叶窗翅片的传热与阻力性能试验关联式

在风洞试验台上对20种不同结构参数的扁管百叶窗翅片进行了传热和流动阻力性能试验，分析比较了翅片间距和翅片高度对其表面对流换热系数和空气阻力性能的影响。同时通过对20种不同结构参数百叶窗翅片的336个试验数据点进行多元回归和F显著性检验，获得了j因子和f因子的经验关联式。在ReLp=200～3000范围内，j和f因子经验关联式拟合的最大误差范围分别为±10％和±12％，绝对平均偏差分别为4．1％和5．6％。     

冷氦换热器翅片结构仿真优化分析

应用商业软件Ansys CFX 11.0对冷氦换热器多种结构尺寸的翅片进行了数值仿真,分析了翅片高度、翅片间距、翅片内表面温度对翅片管自然对流换热的影响。结果表明:对于管径一定的换热器,翅片厚度一定时,有一个最佳的翅高翅距比,对应于最大的Nusselt数。     

整体翅片式微通道换热器的数值模拟

采用CFD数值模拟的方法,对整体翅片式微通道换热器空气侧的流动与传热特性进行研究,用场协同的原理分析翅片参数(长度、高度、间距)对换热器性能的影响,并与传统微通道换热器空气侧性能进行对比。结果表明:在考查的翅片尺寸范围内,随着翅片长度的缩短、高度的增加、间距的减小,温度场和速度场的协同性随之改善,有利于换热效果的提高;与传统的微通道换热器相比,整体翅片式微通道换热器空气侧换热性能变差,但是阻力大大降低,总体性能有所改善。     

空冷凝汽器蛇形翅片扁平管空气侧流动与换热特性研究

针对应用于电站直接空冷凝汽器的蛇形翅片扁平单排管,对其空气侧的流动及换热特性进行了数值模拟。给出了该管件基本结构的雷诺数和欧拉数随迎面风速的变化关联式;结果显示,同一迎面风速下,随着翅片间距、高度的增大,换热变差,流动变好。但当间距增加到一定程度时,风速与间距对换热流动性能的影响都变得很小。风速越大,换热性能对翅片间距、高度越敏感,而流动则相反,需根据实际工况来选择合适的翅片间距及高度。     

翅片结构对翅片管换热器积灰与压降影响的实验研究

积灰对具有不同翅片结构的翅片管换热器均会造成长效性能的衰减。本文搭建了换热器积灰可视化实验台,研究了翅片结构对积灰量及积灰后空气侧压降的影响。测试样件的翅片类型包括平直翅片、波纹翅片和开窗翅片;翅片间距范围为1.3~1.8 mm。实验结果表明:开窗翅片管换热器表面最容易沉积粉尘并增大积灰后压降,与平直翅片相比,波纹翅片和开窗翅片表面粉尘沉积量分别提高了25.6%和52.8%、积灰后压降增量分别提高了44.4%和165.6%;对于开窗翅片,小翅片间距有利于积灰并增大积灰后压降,与翅片间距1.8 mm的样件相比,翅片间距1.5 mm和1.3 mm的样件表面粉尘沉积量分别提高了26.2%和43.2%、积灰后压降增量分别提高了24.1%和49.4%;在积灰过程中,随着粉尘沉积量的增加,翅片管换热器空气侧压降先增大后保持稳定。     

Conjugate heat transfer in solar collector panels with internal longitudinal corrugated fins—Part I: Overall results

A computational study is conducted to examine the fully developed laminar flow and heat transfer characteristics in solar collector panels with internal, longitudinal, corrugated fins. The fins are integrally attached to the upper and lower panel walls. The objective of the study is to determine the effects of varying the fin pitch (or fin angle), the fin thickness, the ratio of the thermal conductivity of the panel walls and the fin to that of the fluid, and the thermal boundary condition on the panel heat transfer and pressure drop. The solutions of the momentum and energy equations are obtained by using a control-volume-based finite difference algorithm. The results of the study are also applicable to the design of internally-finned channels in compact heat exchangers. The overall panel heat transfer increases when the fin pitch (or the fin angle) is decreased, when the fin thickness is increased, and when the thermal conductivity ratio is increased. The streamwise pressure drop increases with decreasing fin pitch (or fin angle) and increasing fin thickness. For a fixed fin thickness, the selection of a small fin pitch (or fin angle) over the range studied results in a higher heat transfer enhancement per unit pumping power.     

水平管外二氧化碳膜状凝结传热分析

综述了水平低翅片管外凝结传热的基本模型,阐述了二氧化碳制冷剂的物性特点,讨论了表面张力与凝液滞留角及二氧化碳管外凝结换热系数的关系,分析了翅片密度、环形翅片管尺寸对翅片效率、滞留角、凝结换热系数以及传热增强比的影响,优化了外翅片管的齿高与齿距,并求得相应的强化传热增强比.结果表明,对于根径为20mm的低翅片管,最佳翅片密度为每米435个翅片,最佳齿高为5.1mm,最佳齿距2.3mm.     

翅片管换热器在析湿工况下的积灰特性及对空气侧压降的影响

空调器室内机多数采用翅片管换热器,会因制冷运行过程中表面析湿而粘附灰尘,导致空气流动阻力增大。本文选用空调器中常用的平直翅片、波纹翅片和开窗翅片作为测试样件,翅片间距范围为1.5～2.2 mm,研究了翅片管换热器在析湿工况下的积灰特性及积灰对空气侧压降的影响。结果表明:翅片表面的析湿量决定积灰程度,析湿液滴分布越密集、液桥数量越多,翅片迎风面的堵塞程度越严重且空气侧压降越大。在相同析湿工况下,具有复杂结构的开窗翅片和小翅片间距更容易积灰并增大空气侧压降,因此降低翅片结构复杂程度并适当增大翅片间距有利于空调器的防尘。在积灰过程中,随着换热器表面粉尘沉积量增加,空气侧压降先增大后保持稳定。     

空气侧结构对多元微通道平行流冷凝器传热流动性能的影响

建立了多元微通道平行流冷凝器的稳态分布参数模型,与实验对比验证了模型的正确性。利用所建立的模型,研究了翅片高度、翅片间距、百叶窗开窗间距、百叶窗开窗角度变化对多元微通道平行流冷凝器传热和流动性能的影响。结果表明,随着翅片高度的增大,换热量逐渐增大,空气侧压降逐渐减小;随着翅片间距或者百叶窗开窗间距的增大,换热量和空气侧压降都是逐渐减小;随着百叶窗开窗角度的增大,换热量和空气侧压降都是逐渐增大。     

Numerical investigations of laminar flow characteristics in helically finned pipes

The laminar flow in a helically finned pipe has been considered. The steady solutions have been obtained by numerical integration of the Navier-Stokes equations formulated in a cylindrical coordinate system. Three-dimensional fins have been embedded in the structured mesh as immersed boundaries. A helical fin generates a swirling flow which exhibits a helical symmetry. In the presence of a single fin, the circumferential velocity turned out to increase both with fin height and fin angle. The core region with high axial velocity is shifted away from the pipe axis. High levels of axial vorticity caused by the fin-induced swirl are observed in the vicinity of the tip of the fin whereas substantial vorticity of opposite sign is produced in the wall-layer near the suction side of the fin. In the presence of two fins with the same pitch, i.e., a double helix, the symmetry about a diametrical plane gave rise to a keyhole-shaped axial velocity distribution. The drag coefficient was increased by all the fin configurations considered when compared to regular pipe flow at the same Reynolds number.     

Effects of helical fins on the performance of a cyclone separator: A numerical study

This study aimed to investigate the separation performance of a cyclone separator after reshaping its cylindrical body by installing the helical triangular fins. A numerical simulation based on Fluent was adopted to perform an orthogonal test to optimise the structure of the cyclone separator with helical triangular fins. Three structural parameters of the helical triangular fins were selected as optimisation variables: base width, fin size, and fin pitch, and their influences on the evaluation indices of the cut-off diameter were investigated. The optimal combination scheme was determined by range analysis, and the cyclone separator performances before and after optimisation were compared and analysed. The significant influence of the structural parameters on the cut-off diameter was in descending order as the fin pitch, fin size, and base width. For particles with diameter of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 μm, the separation efficiency of the cyclone separator with optimized helical triangular fins increased by 7.4 %, 15.9 %, 20.1 %, 10.9 % and 14.8 % respectively. Moreover, the cut-off diameter of the finned cyclone separator is reduced by 30.7 %, while the pressure drop is only increased by 6.6 %. The short circuit flow and back-mixing were alleviated, thereby considerably enhancing the stability of the flow field. Therefore, the finned cyclone separator was found to play a critical role in increasing the separation of fine particulate matter.     

Optimum plate-fin heat sinks by using a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm

This article demonstrates the practical applications of a multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) namely population-based incremental learning (PBIL) for an automated shape optimization of plate-fin heat sinks. The computational procedure of multi-objective PBIL is detailed. The design problem is posed to find heat sink shapes which minimize the junction temperature and fan pumping power while meeting predefined constraints. Three sets of shape design variables used in this study are defined as: vertical straight fins with fin height variation, oblique straight fins with steady fin heights, and oblique straight fins with fin height variation. The optimum results obtained from using the various sets of design variables are illustrated and compared. It can be said that, with this sophisticated design system, efficient and effective design of plate-fin heat sinks is achievable and the best design variables set is the oblique straight fins with fin height variation.