Gelcasting of 316L stainless steel

A novel near-net process, gelcasting, was successfully used to prepare larger size 316L stainless steel parts with complex shape. In this study, the effects of process parameters on the viscosity of the slurry and the dry green strength were investigated. The results show that gas atomization (GA) powder is more suitable for gelcasting compared with water atomization (WA) powder. The maximum solid loading is 55vol% for ball-milled slurry with GA powders. And the optimum amounts of monomers (acrylamide (AM) methylenebisacrylamide (MBAM); the mass ratio, 30:1) and initiator in the AM system are 1.8% (based on the weight of metal powder) and 0.8%-1.4% (based on the weight of monomers), respectively, at which, the maximum green strength obtained is 33.7 MPa. The mechanical properties of the sintered specimen are as follows: ultimate tensile strength, 493 MPa; yield strength, 162 MPa; and HRB, 72.     

Corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel in acetic acid by EIS and Mott-Schottky

The properties of the passivation film formed on 316L stainless steel were studied by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy （EIS）, Mott-Schottky and Voltammetry measurements in high- temperature acetic acid. The results show that the passivation film formed on 316L stainless steel is stable in 60% acetic acid solution from 25 ℃ to 85 ℃. As temperature increased, the polarization resistance decreased but the interface capacitance increased. There was hardly any relation between temperature and the intrinsic property semiconductor. The passivation film represents the p-semiconductor property in the potential interval of -0.5-0.1 V; represents the n-semiconductor property in the potential interval of 0.1-0.9 V; and represents the p-semiconductor property in the potential interval of 0.9-1.1 V. The voltammetry measurements show that the structure of the passivation film is stable when the temperature is lower than 55 ℃ and that its stability decreased when this temperature is exceeded.     

Biocompatibility of MIM 316L stainless steel

To evaluate the biocompatibility of MIM 316L stainless steel, the percentage of S-period cells were detected by flow cytometry after L929 incubated with extraction of MIM 316L stainless steel, using titanium implant materials of clinical application as the contrast. Both materials were implanted in animal and the histopathological evaluations were carried out. The statistical analyses show that there are no significant differences between two groups (P>0.05), which demonstrates that MIM 316L stainless steel has a good biocompatibility. Foundation item: Project (2003AA302210) supported by the National Hi-tech Research Program of China     

氮含量和环境温度对316L不锈钢耐腐蚀性的影响

研究低温条件下腐蚀溶液温度以及钢中氮含量对316L奥氏体不锈钢耐腐蚀性能的影响,在1mol／L H2SO4＋0．5mol／L NaCl的腐蚀液中,对氮含量为0．0095％～0．5575％的316L奥氏体不锈钢进行阳极极化曲线及电化学阻抗测量。结果表明,提高氮含量,316L奥氏体不锈钢耐蚀性增强;腐蚀液温度升高,316L奥氏体不锈钢耐蚀性减弱。     

Physico-chemical properties and microstructure of hydroxyapatite-316L stainless steel biomaterials

Sintering shrinkage, compressive strength, bending strength, metallurgical morphology, microstructure and chemical composition diffusion of hydroxyapatite-316L stainless steel(HA-316L SS) composites were investiga-ted. The results show that the sintering shrinkage of HA-316L SS composites decreases from 27.38O/6o to 8.87% for cylinder sample or from 27.18% to 8.62% for cuboid sample with decreasing the volume ratio of HA to 316L SS,which leads to higher sintering activity of HA compared with that of 316L SS. The compressive strength of HA-316L SS composites changes just like parabolic curve (245.3→126.3→202.8 MPa) with reducing the volume ratio of HA to 316L SS. Bending strength increases from 86.3MPa to 124. 2 MPa with increasing the content of 316L SS. Furthermore, comprehensive mechanical properties of 1.0：3.0 (volume ratio of HA to 316L SS) composite are optimal with compressive strength and bending strength equal to 202. 8 MPa and 124. 2 MPa, respectively. The microstructure and metallurgical structure vary regularly with the volume ratio of HA to 316L SS. Some chemical reaction takes place at the interface of the composites during sintering.     

Fretting corrosion of surgical 316L stainless steel in saline solutions

A new simulation system for the laboratory investigation of fretting wear is developed. It consist of a mechanism device, a electrochemical cell and a datum acqulsition and process software. Fretting of surgical 316L stainlesssteel in saline is studied. The results show that electrochemical corrosion is enhanced by fretting and anodic currentdensity under fretting is 100 times than static condition. Fretting corrosion is a mechanic -elec trochemical al Process.     

316L不锈钢表面仿生合成磷灰石涂层

将316L不锈钢经化学预处理和热处理后,先后在单倍和1.5倍模拟体液(SBF)中浸泡,通过在模拟体液中添加适量的Ca(NO3)2·4H2O和P2O5以增强诱导羟基磷灰石(HA)的形核。用扫描电镜(SEM)和EDS能谱对涂层的表面形貌和表面组成进行了分析。结果表明:模拟体液中加入适量的Ca(NO3)2和P2O5有利于基片表面沉积均匀的HA涂层;本研究中加入1.4mmol的Ca(NO3)2·4H2O时,沉积的Ca、P原子相对百分比较多,且Ca/P比接近于HA中的比例。     

Sintering behaviors of porous 316L stainless steel fiber felt

Isothermal sintering experiments were performed on the 316 L stainless steel fiber felts with fiber diameters of 8 μm and20 μm. Surface morphologies of the sintered specimens were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and optical microscopy. The results show that the amount of the sintering necks and the relative densities of the fiber felt increase with the increasing of both the sintering temperature and the sintering time. And the activation energies estimated present a decline at high relative densities for both 8 μm and 20 μm fiber felts. Moreover, the sintering densification of the fiber felts is dominated by volume diffusion mechanism at low temperature and relative densities. As more grain boundaries are formed at higher temperature and relative density, grain boundary diffusion will also contribute to the densification of the specimen.     

Ratcheting boundary of 316LN austenitic stainless steel under thermal aging

Science China Technological Sciences - Previous studies, including ASME and RCC-MR standards, did not consider the influence of environmental factors on the ratcheting boundary of the material, and...     

316L不锈钢的高压增氮与脱氧研究

采用真空/高压感应炉在0.1~1.0 MPa高纯氮气氛下熔炼316L不锈钢,分析了氮的溶解度与氮分压之间的关系。氮在316L不锈钢中的溶解服从Sievert定律。采用热力学数据预测了不同氮分压下316L不锈钢中氮的溶解度,计算结果表明,预测值与实验值相吻合。采用铝、硅钙以及二者混合进行脱氧,总氧含量可以达到20×10-4%以下,提出了制备低氧高氮316L不锈钢的实验条件。     

元胞自动机法在316LN不锈钢晶粒长大过程模拟中的应用

结合晶粒长大过程中的物理基础,采用热激活、曲率驱动和能量耗散机制,引入能量降幅最大判据,建立了描述316LN不锈钢晶粒正常长大的元胞自动机模型,对316LN不锈钢晶粒长大过程进行模拟,模拟结果较准确地反映了晶粒正常长大规律。通过将模拟和试验的晶粒生长指数进行对比,表明在试验温度范围内,该模型可用于预测316LN不锈钢的晶粒尺寸。     

异步轧制对316L不锈钢组织与性能的影响

研究了形变量分别为50％和80％的异步轧制（速比1．28）对316L不锈钢显微组织与性能的影响．结果表明：异步轧制后显微组织中出现大量机械孪晶;样品表面粗糙度显著降低,硬度明显提高．由于粗糙度降低和孪晶界的贡献,在腐蚀介质（c（H2SO4）=0．05mol／L,c（NaCl）=0．5mol／L的水溶液）中,样品表现出良好的耐腐蚀性能．     

Effects of sintering atmosphere on the microstructure and mechanical property of sintered 316L stainless steel

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激光扫描角度对316L不锈钢成型件拉伸性能和致密度的影响

在不同的激光扫描角度下,利用选择性激光熔化成型技术成型316L不锈钢试件,探究试件的拉伸性能(抗拉强度和延伸率)和致密度,并对成型试件进行表面微观形貌和断口形貌的观察。实验结果表明:当激光扫描角度每层旋转15°时,成型试件的抗拉强度、延伸率和致密度均较优,成型件表面形貌平整,无明显缺陷,晶粒细小均匀;激光扫描角度每层旋转0°时,成型试件的抗拉强度、延伸率和致密度较差,成型件表面缺陷较多;成型件断裂方式为韧性断裂。     

热老化对核级316LN锻造控氮奥氏体不锈钢微观组织及性能的影响

研究了热老化对核级316LN锻造奥氏体不锈钢的位错组态、电阻率及显微硬度的影响规律。结果表明,随着热老化的进行,奥氏体基体中位错密度总体下降,而始于晶界向晶内延伸的扩展位错数量增多且宽度变窄,其中,固溶态的扩展位错宽度约为1．0μm,热老化5000h后约为0．2μm。分析认为,碳原子在晶界及其附近微区的偏聚是引起位错亚结构变化的主要原因：电阻率随热老化时间的延长、检测温度的升高而增大,且热老化5000h后电阻率随温度的增长速率高于固溶态;晶内和晶界处的显微硬度值随热老化的进行均有所升高,二者之间显微硬度的差值逐渐增加。     

不锈钢汽车排气管激光焊接残余应力

为了提高不锈钢管的冷加工成形性能,进一步优化相应焊接工艺,在对汽车排气管激光焊接温度场进行数值模拟研究的基础上,分析激光焊接汽车排气管残余应力.在考虑网格的疏密过渡以及材料力学性能参数随温度的变化条件下,分析激光焊接不锈钢管残余应力演变过程及分布特点,即滚轮挤压量越小,平均残余应力越小,但容易出现咬边和未焊透,在局部产生应力集中,更容易在焊接管冷加工时出现开裂;激光焊接线能量减小,轴向残余应力区域变窄,峰值应力增加.将激光焊接残余应力与钨极氩弧焊(TIG)+激光焊的残余应力进行对比实验,结果表明,不锈钢管TIG+激光焊残余应力与激光焊接具有相似的分布,分布区域相对变宽,焊轴向残余应力比激光焊接小,提高了焊接管冷加工成型性能.     

10Ni5CrMoV钢厚板MIG焊接接头组织研究

用光学显微镜和电子显微镜对10Ni5CrMoV船用钢厚板的MIG焊接接头进行了组织分析和断口分析，用能谱分析仪（EDS）对焊缝及熔合线处的氧化物作了定点谱成分析，根据组织分析和氧化物成分分析结构对针状铁素体的形成及韧化机理进行了探讨，研究结果表明：焊缝组织为针状铁素体 氧化物 少量板条马氏体，熔合线附近组织为板条马氏体针状铁素体 氧化物，粗晶区组织为板条马氏体；焊缝及熔合线附近的氧化物是针状铁素体的形核剂，针状铁素体可以在一个氧化物上实现多维形核，大量的针状铁素体组织是焊缝及熔合线具有很好的低温韧性的重要原因。     

含Ce 10Cr17抗菌不锈钢的性能研究

以10Cr17不锈钢成分为基础,添加0～0.1%的稀土元素铈(Ce).用化学分析法测定了含铈不锈钢中铈(Ce)和碳(C)及铬(Cr)的含量;采用贴膜法测试了不锈钢对大肠杆菌ATCC8099的抗菌性能,并对其耐腐蚀性进行了分析.结果表明,含Ce不锈钢具有优异的抗菌性能,与含Cu抗菌不锈钢相比,它无需时效热处理就具有优异的抗菌性能;Ce的加入使不锈钢易于钝化.     

316L不锈钢等离子渗钛-热氧化制备TiO2膜及性能

为了提高316L不锈钢的表面性能,以满足其在医用环境下服役的要求,利用等离子表面合金化和真空热氧化复合处理技术,在316L不锈钢表面制备TiO₂薄膜。借助金相显微、辉光放电发射谱（GDOED）、x-射线光电子谱（XPS）和x-射线衍射（XRD）分析薄膜的组织结构,以蒸馏水为对象进行光诱导超亲水性试验,用球-盘磨损试验对比测试薄膜与基体的摩擦学性能。结果表明：薄膜均匀致密,Ti、O元素沿层深呈梯度分布,具有锐钛矿型TiO₂结构; 薄膜具有较高的亲水性,可见光照射下,30 min内接触角降为8.5°; 在7.6 N负荷下,薄膜与Al₂O₃陶瓷球对磨时的摩擦系数为0.30~0.40,磨损率仅为1.14×10^-4 mm³·N^-1·m^-1,复合处理后薄膜耐磨减摩性能指标明显优于不锈钢基材.     

TiNi形状记忆合金与317L不锈钢耐腐蚀性能的对比研究

用电化学阳极极化、原子吸收谱及金相等方法研究了ＴｉＮｉ形状记忆合金和３１７Ｌ不锈钢在３７℃的１％ＮａＣｌ溶液中的腐蚀性能。