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2000年化工自动化展望 总被引:10,自引:3,他引:10
蒋慰孙 《化工自动化及仪表》1994,21(1):1-9
回顾了化工自动化发展的历程。着重从检测,基于微处理的控制装置,基于现代控制理论的先进控制系统,智能控制,安全控制,操作优化的生产调度优化,间歇控制,工艺与控制设计的计算机化八个方面展望了化工自动化的发展。 相似文献
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工业控制自动化技术是一种运用控制理论、仪器仪表、计算机和其它信息技术,对工业生产过程实现检测、控制、优化、调度、管理和决策,达到增加产量、提高质量、降低消耗、确保安全等目的的综合性技术,主要包括工业自动化软件、硬件和系统三大部分。长期以来,PIK2始终处于工业控制自动化领域的主战场,为各种各样的自动化控制设备提供非常可靠的控制方案。由于PIdd抗干扰能力强,可靠性高,编程简单,性能价格比高,在工业控制自动化领域得到越来越广泛应用。 相似文献
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第一讲流程工业的CIMS 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
徐用懋 《化工自动化及仪表》1997,24(3):58-62
CIMS技术集计算机技术、通讯技术、自动化技术及有关生产技术于一体,具有使企业实现决策、管理和控制各功能一体化的综合自动化技术,所以说CIMS技术是工业生产自动化的发展方向。为此我们特约清华大学的徐用懋等专家为我们撰写了流程工业的CIMS、先进控制、建模优化、故障诊断、优化调度、管理决策、体系结构与实现等七篇文章,本刊将连续刊登,介绍给读者 相似文献
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高凤霞 《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2011,31(5)
针对露天煤矿生产调度效率低下这一现状,提出了采用GPS技术,将计算机网络、通信技术、优化理论等结合起来,开发出实用高效的露天煤矿生产调度系统,对于露天煤矿实现自动化管理有重要的意义。 相似文献
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电力远动系统艾称电力调度自动化系统,就是利用计算机软硬件技术、自动检测和控制技术、计算机通信和网络技术,对电力供电的各个环节,如变配电所、信号电源、线路开关等,进行集中监视和控制,实现自动化调度和管理,以提高这行管理及维护水平的系统。 相似文献
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生产调度能为企业带来明显的经济效益,基于资源-任务网络生产调度优化,是理论和应用研究的一个热点问题。文章将基于——资源任务网络的离散时间生产调度优化模型应用于单台变负荷空分生产流程中。求解优化模型可知优化结果优于人工调度。 相似文献
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间歇过程不确定性短期调度综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
根据处理不确定性调度问题的方法,将各种不确定条件下的优化调度方法分成两大类:随机调度和反应调度。随机调度又可细分为基于求助的随机规划、概率规划、模糊规划和随机动态规划。通过讨论和对比它们的优、缺点和局限性,提出通用、有效的反应调度工具,启发式学习方法和模糊集合理论的新型随机调度方法,不确定性调度与计划集成、设计与调度集成及调度与控制集成将是进一步研究的方向。 相似文献
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本文首先阐述了采样周期对于网络控制系统性能的影响,然后针对多回路网络控制系统中,回路之间争抢网络资源,导致系统性能恶化的情况,在原有EDF调度算法的基础上,提出含有模糊调度器的多回路模糊动态调度算法。该算法根据系统中各回路的误差和误差变化率,利用模糊控制的方法实时调整各回路的优先级,从而实现对网络控制系统的调度。最后,利用TrueTime工具箱建立了包含模糊动态调度器的网络控制系统仿真模型,并将其与无调度器的网络控制系统进行对比。仿真结果表明,本文所设计的多回路模糊动态调度算法能够合理地安排各回路使用网络的先后顺序,具有较好的控制性能。 相似文献
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A data‐driven rolling‐horizon online scheduling model for diesel production of a real‐world refinery
A rolling‐horizon optimal control strategy is developed to solve the online scheduling problem for a real‐world refinery diesel production based on a data‐driven model. A mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) scheduling model considering the implementation of nonlinear blending quality relations and quantity conservation principles is developed. The data variations which drive the MINLP model come from different sources of certain and uncertain events. The scheduling time horizon is divided into equivalent discrete time intervals, which describe regular production and continuous time intervals which represent the beginning and ending time of expected and unexpected events that are not restricted to the boundaries of discrete time intervals. This rolling‐horizon optimal control strategy ensures the dimension of the diesel online scheduling model can be accepted in industry use. LINGO is selected to be the solution software. Finally, the daily diesel scheduling scheme of one entire month for a real‐world refinery is effectively solved. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 1160–1174, 2013 相似文献
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In this paper, we propose a novel framework for integrating scheduling and nonlinear control of continuous processes. We introduce the time scale-bridging model (SBM) as an explicit, low-order representation of the closed-loop input–output dynamics of the process. The SBM then represents the process dynamics in a scheduling framework geared towards calculating the optimal time-varying setpoint vector for the process control system. The proposed framework accounts for process dynamics at the scheduling stage, while maintaining closed-loop stability and disturbance rejection properties via feedback control during the production cycle. Using two case studies, a CSTR and a polymerization reactor, we show that SBM-based scheduling has significant computational advantages compared to existing integrated scheduling and control formulations. Moreover, we show that the economic performance of our framework is comparable to that of existing approaches when a perfect process model is available, with the added benefit of superior robustness to plant-model mismatch. 相似文献
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JX-300X DCS控制系统具有运行稳定,操作方便,自动化程度高等优点。介绍了SUPCON JX-300X DCS的系统结构、系统特点、系统功能,以及在硫磺制酸装置中的应用,主要是对熔硫焚硫工段、热工工段、转化工段、干吸工段的生产监控。该控制系统运行两年多,过程监控和调度管理效果显著。 相似文献
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Oswaldo Andrés-Martínez Luis A. Ricardez-Sandoval 《American Institute of Chemical Engineers》2022,68(5):e17665
In the pursuit of integrated scheduling and control frameworks for chemical processes, it is important to develop accurate integrated models and computational strategies such that optimal decisions can be made in a dynamic environment. In this study, a recently developed switched system formulation that integrates scheduling and control decisions is extended to closed-loop operation embedded with nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC). The resulting framework is a nested online scheduling and control loop that allows to obtain fast and accurate solutions as no model reduction is needed and no integer variables are involved in the formulations. In the outer loop, the integrated model is solved to calculate an optimal product switching sequence such that the process economics is optimized, whereas in the inner loop, an NMPC implements the scheduling decisions. The proposed scheme was tested on two multi-product continuous systems. Unexpected large disturbances and rush orders were handled effectively. 相似文献
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在网络控制系统中,网络负载的加重会使网络资源稀缺,并导致各个子系统控制性能变差.为了改善整个系统的控制品质(QoC),提出了基于PID死区反馈调度方法,在该方法中,各节点优先级和死区节点是根据每个节点的当前控制品质动态分配和选择的,死区节点上死区范围大小采用PID调节,使得时限错过率稳定在优化的范围之内。仿真结果表明,在网络资源紧缺时,该方法能提高整个系统的控制品质。此外,该算法耗时较少,能满足实际应用中实时性和简便性的要求。 相似文献
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针对原油性质变化对常减压装置操作造成的巨大困难,提出了一种稳定原油性质和引入原油性质参数到软测量和控制模型的先进控制综合解决方案。一方面,对待混炼的多种原油进行调度和掺炼比优化,使实际进入常减压装置进行炼制的调合原油性质相对稳定,装置操作参数变化较小,减少工作点大幅变化过程中所产生的波动。另一方面,针对仍然存在的原油性质小幅度变化,在软测量和预测控制建模中引入反映原油性质的馏程参数,克服原油性质变化所引起的扰动。现场实际装置的应用结果说明了此综合方案的有效性。 相似文献
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In this paper, a design methodology has been developed for the control of non-autonomous batch processes which typically require good tracking performance. The design, based on the framework of differential geometric methods and linear gain scheduling theory, involves a multi-loop structure. The inner loop is an input-output linearizing state feedback law based on a nominal, time-invariant plant model. The outer loop includes a gain scheduling controller which provides the desired stability and tracking performance in the face of time varying parameters. The procedure is applied to a semi-batch polymethylmethacrylate synthesis problem. The results show excellent tracking performance of the gain scheduling controller. 相似文献
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分析网络控制系统中调度与控制的关系,对调度与控制协同设计的研究现状做了综述,从动态调度和静态调度角度总结了目前这一领域的研究进展,并提出了考虑调度与控制协同设计的反馈控制调度基本结构. 相似文献