无人机载多普勒分集前视合成孔径雷达成像方法

前视合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像存在多普勒左右模糊的问题,需要利用空域资源进行解模糊处理。限于无人机(UAV)的载重与尺寸,接收阵列通常较小,解多普勒模糊的空域波束形成能力不足。此外,前视SAR回波方位多普勒梯度小、带宽窄,使得接收带宽未被充分利用。基于以上问题,该文提出多普勒分集前视SAR成像方法。该算法在前视SAR成像技术的基础上,利用多普勒分集MIMO技术,将多普勒窄带前视回波调制于不同多普勒中心以达到充分利用多普勒接收带宽的目的。进而,可获得一个数倍于真实接收阵列孔径的虚拟接收阵列,极大地扩展了接收通道,有效地改善了前视SAR成像解多普勒左右模糊的性能。     

MIMO广播信道中联合多用户速率和延迟约束调度的研究

该文给出了一种多入多出高斯广播信道中具有延迟约束的多用户无线数据包的传输方案。首先,在信道的QR分解及脏纸编码基础上,通过贪婪算法获取多用户分集与包延迟约束之间的有效结合。其次,将包到达速率、可达服务速率、用户数以及传输天线数构成一优化问题,得到最佳的用户组合及调度周期。最后,在不同用户数及发射天线数情况下对该方案进行了性能仿真,仿真结果表明：在满足包传递最小延迟等待要求的同时,得到了传输容量的最大化。     

基于ICA和特征提取的MIMO信号调制识别算法

针对非协作通信中多输入多输出(MIMO)信号的盲调制识别,该文提出一种基于独立分量分析(ICA)和特征提取的调制识别算法。根据空分复用MIMO系统各发送天线上信号的独立性,利用ICA算法从接收的混合信号中分离出发射信号。为实现全盲条件下的调制识别,在进行ICA分离前,利用最小描述长度(MDL)准则估计发射天线数。在得到发射信号之后,首先利用6阶累积量、循环谱和4次方谱算法构造4个特征参数,然后利用分层结构的神经网络分类器识别信号的调制类型。仿真结果表明,所提方法可在较低信噪比下对{2PSK, 2ASK, 2FSK, 4PSK, 4ASK, MSK, 8PSK, 16QAM}8种MIMO信号进行有效识别,当发送天线数为2、接收天线数为5、信噪比为2 dB时,识别率可达到98%以上。     

Signal constellations design for differential unitary space-time in MIMO-OFDM system over frequency-selective fading channels

In this paper, the design of signal constellations parameters is studied for Differential Unitary Space-Time Modulation （DUSTM） based on the design criterion of maximizing the diversity product. Further, noninteger searching method for the signal constellation parameters design is proposed in order to get better codes. Experimental results show that under the different Doppler spread and data transmission rate, the proposed design performs better than the previous design using integer parameters in Multiple Input Multiple Output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing （MIMO-OFDM） system over frequency-selective fading channels.     

多入单出正交空时分组码系统的调制识别

在现代无线通信系统中,采用正交空时分组码(STBC)的多天线发射技术是提高通信速率和可靠性,并且能够实现简单译码的关键技术。该文针对瑞利信道系统模型,提出一种适用于多入单出正交空时分组码(OSTBC)的调制识别算法。该算法通过对接收到的数据进行重排,将多入单出的系统模型转化为类似多入多出的系统模型,并且根据信源的特殊性用最大似然的思想实现调制类型的识别。仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

FD-MIMO距离高分辨雷达及其旁瓣抑制

为了提高距离分辨率而又不增加对发射/接收机带宽的要求,该文提出了频分多入多出(Frequency-Divided Multiple Input Multiple Output,FD-MIMO)雷达。该雷达利用同时发射的多路窄带信号合成宽带波形,进而得到目标的高分辨距离像。由于持续时间短,合成高分辨距离像具有很好的多普勒容限。此外,针对由合成频谱不连续性造成的近区高旁瓣和由子带间耦合造成的远区高旁瓣,该文分别提出使用倒数谱滤波器和对子带信号加带外衰减的方法予以抑制。最后,理论分析和数值仿真证明了旁瓣抑制方法的有效性。     

Blind equalization of MIMO systems based on orthogonal Constant Modulus Algorithm

This paper investigates adaptive blind source separation and equalization for Multiple Input Multiple Output （MIMO） systems. To effectively recover input signals, remove Inter-Symbol Interference （ISI） and suppress Inter-User Interference （IUI）, the array input is first transformed into the signal subspace, then with the derived orthogonality between weight vectors of different input signals, a new orthogonal Constant Modulus Algorithm （CMA） is proposed. Computer simulation results illustrate the promising performance of the proposed method. Without channel identification, the proposed method can recover all the system inputs simultaneously and can be adaptive to channel changes without prior knowledge about signals.     

大规模MIMO系统中收发联合阈值天线选择算法

在大规模多输入多输出(massive MIMO)系统中使用天线选择算法可提高能效和系统吞吐量,然而适用于传统MIMO系统的天线选择算法具有高复杂度,很难用于massive MIMO系统。为优化天线选择算法,以算法复杂度和系统容量为优化目标,提出了收发联合阈值天线选择算法。该算法在发射端使用最大范数双向天线选择算法进行天线选择,在接收端使用分组maxvol算法并通过仿真实验结果的预设阈值进行天线选择。仿真实验表明,收发联合阈值天线选择算法在降低复杂度的同时可以提高系统容量,与递增天线选择算法相比,系统容量最多可提高52.2 bit/s/Hz。提出的天线选择算法可以满足不同天线相关度和信噪比的传输环境。     

改进遗传算法优化MIMO稀布阵列

为了解决多输入多输出(MIMO)天线阵列由于阵元间隔过大造成的阵列方向图出现栅瓣,在雷达回波成像时出现影响目标识别的虚假目标的问题,提出了一种改进的遗传算法对阵列排布进行优化.在传统标准遗传算法上进行改进,用多个矩阵组合表示MIMO阵列,针对在矩形平面随机分布的稀疏阵列的方向图旁瓣问题进行优化设计,并采用基于Logis...     

平坦衰落环境中多输入多输出系统衰落相关与信道容量研究

为分析模型物理参数和天线排列方式对多输入多输出系统信道容量的影响,提出了一种平坦衰落环境中信道容量的研究方法。该方法基于接收均匀圆阵和均匀线阵分别构建了蕴含模型物理参数的相关矩阵,并利用Wishart分布的性质推导了信道容量上下限。该方法回避了求取衰落相关矩阵特征值的概率密度函数,降低了运算量;可被推广到多天线-频分复用系统。仿真结果表明,天线间距较小时,采用均匀圆阵比均匀线阵的系统信道容量要高;天线间距增大到一定程度后,系统信道容量达到饱和。散射角越大,信道容量的增长速率越快且采用均匀线阵比均匀圆阵系统的信道容量高。接收信噪比较大时,平均信道容量上下限基本接近其实际值。     

分布式 MIMO 系统中功率分配算法研究

本文将功率注水算法应用到分布式 MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)系统中,充分利用分布式无线通信系统的高覆盖性,通过调整发射天线的发射功率,使系统的容量得到了提升,即系统的频谱效率得到了显著改善.仿真结果显示,与集中式 MIMO 系统相比,系统容量的确得到了显著改善     

基于积累孔径插值技术的星载间断调频连续波SAR成像方法

间断调频连续波(IFMCW)合成孔径雷达(SAR)模式通过在不同时间间隔内交替发射和接收信号,解决了星载调频连续波(FMCW)SAR必须收发分置的问题。然而,在该模式下,雷达天线会间歇性地工作于发射和接收状态,从而导致回波数据中出现周期性的空缺。为了解决上述问题,该文提出了一种基于积累孔径插值技术的缺失数据迭代自适应成像处理方法(MIAA-AAIT),用于恢复缺失的数据。实验结果表明,所提方法可以有效地恢复缺失数据,从而显著提高成像质量,大幅降低由周期性数据缺失引起的虚假目标能量。     

无人机辅助多用户毫米波MIMO系统的透镜波束预编码技术研究

无人机(UAV)与毫米波(mmWave)多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的结合可以提供高数据速率的空中链路,然而其部署位置及波束赋形设计直接影响无线通信系统的吞吐量。为实现多用户同时接入通信,该文提出基于离散透镜阵列(DLA)结构的波束空间预编码技术,构建了联合UAV飞行高度、波束选择及混合预编码的优化方案。为了解决这一涉及随机目标函数的非凸优化问题,该文利用最小化加权最小均方误差方法,将问题转化为求一系列子优化问题,进而通过一种惩罚对偶分解(PDD)算法求解。数值仿真结果表明,该方案能够实现接近全数字波束赋形方案的频谱效率性能。     

QSM-IDM – A novel quadrature spatial modulation based on interleaving division multiplexing for multiple antenna system

Quadrature Spatial Modulation (QSM) is a high spectral efficiency Multiple-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technique used to improve the spectral efficiency of wireless communication systems. The main concept of QSM is to extend the spatial constellation of the conventional Spatial Modulation (SM) in both the in-phase and quadrature components of the data symbol. In this paper, because QSM-based on Interleaving Division Multiplexing (IDM) has not been introduced in the literature as a multiple antenna system, we introduced a novel scheme, called QSM system based on Interleaving Division Multiplexing (QSM-IDM). The antenna sets are also applied to a spreader, before being used to assign an antenna number for information transmission. Analysis and simulations for a flat fading channel show that the proposed QSM-IDM method significantly outperforms the original QSM system with the same data rate, while maintaining a relatively acceptable complexity. The obtained simulation results show that the conducted analysis yields significant improvements for the accuracy of the proposed scheme, with satisfactory complexity.     

基于矩阵束方法的星载MEB SAR俯仰向DBF处理方法

俯仰向数字波束形成(DBF)处理是距离向多波束体制(MEB)星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)系统实现较高分辨率、超宽幅成像的关键。但是,由于存在卫星姿态误差等因素的影响,星载MEB SAR系统的DBF接收波束指向会出现偏差,这将导致在对具有强散射体的区域(如存在船舶的海面、港口等区域)进行成像时会出现鬼影目标。针对这一问题,该文提出一种基于矩阵束方法的俯仰向DBF处理方法。首先对俯仰向通道回波数据进行匹配滤波处理,并根据预设阈值寻找强散射体的峰值位置;然后利用矩阵束方法准确估计强散射体的波达角;最后利用这些信息调整俯仰向DBF加权矢量,确保DBF接收波束指向正确,从而消除鬼影目标的干扰。仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种星载多通道高分辨率宽测绘带SAR系统通道相位偏差估计新方法

方位多通道合成孔径雷达(SAR)可有效地抑制多普勒模糊以实现高分辨率宽测绘带(High-Resolution Wide-Swath HRWS)成像。通道间幅相误差将影响多普勒模糊抑制性能。基于星载SAR系统回波特性雷达回波在多普勒带宽外的能量通常远小于多普勒带宽内能量,该文提出一种多通道HRWS SAR系统通道间相位偏差估计新方法。该方法假定多普勒带宽外的信号近似为零,将单星多通道HRWS SAR系统相位偏差估计问题转换为恒模二次规划问题,然后利用经典二次规划问题求解方法特征值松弛法(Eigen-Value Relaxation, EVR)及半正定松弛法(Semi-Definite Relaxation, SDR)求解该问题,获取HRWS SAR系统通道间的相位偏差估计值。理论分析结果表明,该文算法可视为一种自适应加权最小二乘相位偏差估计算法。多通道SAR仿真实验结果验证了该文算法的有效性。     

High SNR sum capacity analysis of BD MIMO BC systems with imperfect CSI

We investigate the sum capacity of Block Diagonalization precoding Multiple Input Multiple Output Broadcast Channels (BD MIMO BC) with imperfect Channel State Information (CSI) at the base station. Since it is difficult to obtain the exact expression, a lower and an upper bounds of the sum capacity under Gaussian channel estimation errors are drived instead. Analyses show that the gap between two bounds is considerably tight at all Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) region. From the lower bound of the sum capacity, we can see that the multiplexing gain tends to be zero at high SNR region, which indicates that the BD MIMO BC system with channel estimation errors is interference-limited at high SNR.     

Adaptive blind estimation algorithm for OFDM-MIMO radio systems over multipath channels

This paper investigates the blind algorithm for channel estimation of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing-Multiple Input Multiple Output (OFDM-MIMO) wireless communication system using the subspace decomposition of the channel received complex baseband signals and proposes a new two-stage blind algorithm. Exploited the second-order cyclostationarity inherent in OFDM with cyclic prefix and the characteristics of the phased antenna, the practical HIPERLAN/2 standard based OFDM-MIMO simulator is established with the sufficient consideration of statistical correlations between the multiple antenna channels under wireless wideband multipath fading environment, and a new two-stage blind algorithm is formulated using rank reduced subspace channel matrix approximation and adaptive Constant Modulus (CM) criterion. Simulation results confirm the theoretical analysis and illustrate that the proposed algorithm is capable of tracking matrix channel variations with fast convergence rate and improving acceptable overall system performance over various common wireless and mobile communication links.     

MIMO Ad Hoc网络中基于正交阵列的拓扑未知多址接入协议

针对支持MIMO(Multiple Input Multiple Output)的Ad Hoc网络,提出了基于正交阵列的拓扑未知多址接入协议MIMO_O_TTMA(MIMO Supported Orthogonal Array Based Topology Transparent Multiple Access).协议利用正交阵列为节点分配若干时隙,在每个分配时隙中,节点通过与目的节点交互RTS/CTS(Request To Send/Clear To Send)分组来确定发送的数据流数,以机会地利用MIMO的空间复接来提升网络性能.MIMO_O_TTMA在保证节点在一帧内至少有一个时隙能够无干扰地传输的基础上,允许协议的帧长能在一定的范围内进行灵活选择,从而为协议性能的优化提供了更为有利的条件.为评估MIMO_O_TTMA的性能,利用概率方法分析了协议的吞吐量性能,数值结果表明,与已有拓扑未知MAC(Media Access Control)相比,MIMO_O_TTMA有效提升了网络吞吐量.     

Performance analysis of time-hopping m-ary UWB wireless system using V-BLAST algorithm

Ultra WideBand (UWB) transmissions are attractive for low power, baseband asynchronous multiple access and peer-to-peer wireless communications. Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology is useful in combating against multipath and at the same time improves system performance by using multielement antennas at both transmitter and receiver. This letter proposes a time hopping M-ary UWB systems using V-BLAST algorithm, and power control is considered for better performance. Simulations are provided to compare performance with different antennas.