聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土损伤本构模型的研究

基于Weibull统计分布理论和Lemaitre等效应变假定原理,推导出聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土单轴受压损伤本构模型,对聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土进行单轴受压试验,根据试验数据,确定了该模型参数,通过试验曲线和模型曲线的对比分析发现两者拟合较好。基于考虑中间主应力、拉压性能影响的适用于任何材料的统一强度理论,推导出聚丙烯纤维再生混凝土的双剪损伤本构模型,建立了纤维混凝土损伤本构模型从单轴到双轴的转化方法。     

箍筋约束混凝土单轴受压塑性损伤本构模型

基于所建立的素混凝土单轴塑性损伤模型,研究箍筋约束作用对混凝土单轴受压作用下损伤行为的影响,引入损伤约束因子来综合体现在约束作用下不同物理量对材料损伤演化规律的影响,将单轴受压混凝土的塑性段分成塑性第一阶段和塑性第二阶段,确定了方形箍筋和圆形箍筋约束下混凝土的损伤演化方程,并给出相应的塑性变形关系的经验公式,建立了箍筋约束混凝土的单轴受压塑性损伤本构模型。通过与单轴荷载作用下约束混凝土的试验结果对比分析,验证了所建模型的有效性,结果表明所建模型能较好反映混凝土材料在约束作用下的本构关系。     

混凝土随机损伤本构模型研究新进展

综述了混凝土微观损伤机理与随机损伤本构模型研究现状,介绍了本课题组在混凝土随机损伤本构模型方面取得的研究进展:进行了考虑mode-II微裂缝的微观损伤机理分析,提出并验证了混凝土随机损伤本构模型——束-链模型,发展了测定多轴受压混凝土损伤变量的X-射线CT方法。最后,得到了相关研究结论。     

混凝土双轴拉-压综合随机损伤本构关系研究

实际工程中的混凝土结构大多处于复杂应力状态,该文考虑混凝土组成材料物理性能的差异及横向变形性等特点,基于混凝土单轴受拉弹簧-摩擦块细观单元,建立混凝土双轴拉-压随机损伤细观模型。在双轴拉-压荷载组合作用下,根据混凝土破坏过程中的能量守恒原理,分别建立超高强高性能混凝土、普通混凝土及高强混凝土综合随机损伤本构关系,并针对损伤本构函数进行多参数灵敏度分析。通过理论值与试验结果的比较,验证了提出的随机损伤本构关系的有效性。     

一种修正的混凝土弹性损伤本构模型及其应用

混凝土弹性损伤本构模型的模型参数少、标定简单、计算效率较高,适于工程应用。Faria和Oliver等人所提出的混凝土损伤模型,体现了混凝土弹性损伤本构模型的上述优点,但原模型对反复荷载作用下混凝土刚度恢复效应描述欠佳。针对此不足,该文做了修正。并以ABAQUS为平台编制了材料模型子程序UMAT。应用修正的模型对几个典型...     

RPC200塑性与各向异性损伤耦合本构建模研究

针对活性粉末混凝土 (RPC200:Reactive Powder Concrete 200MPa)的非线性行为,将连续损伤力学和塑性力学结合起来,建立了RPC200的弹塑性各向异性损伤耦合本构。在有效应力空间内,采用非关联流动法则和非均匀等向强化法则建立了RPC200的塑性本构。基于损伤能释放率建立了损伤准则,并由正交法则给出损伤演化法则,同时采用两个不同的损伤硬化法则来描述拉、压性能不同的损伤硬化。证明了该文所建模型与热动力学基本原理的相容性。最后,给出了RPC弹塑性各向异性损伤耦合本构模型数值计算流程,并以简单例证证明了所建模型的预测能力。     

ABAQUS中混凝土本构模型用于模拟结构静力行为的比较研究

对大型通用有限元程序ABAQUS中的混凝土弥散开裂模型和塑性损伤模型进行了详细的介绍,包括单轴应力-应变关系、裂缝模型、屈服准则、流动法则和滞回规则等。然后对混凝土本构模型中影响结构构件静力行为的关键因素进行了详细的对比分析,并结合采用不同混凝土模型对钢筋混凝土构件和钢-混凝土组合结构构件的受力行为的模拟结果,指出了分析实际结构构件时不同混凝土材料本构模型的适用情况,可供研究设计参考。     

混凝土结构材料非线性本构参数识别算法研究

针对混凝土材料特性离散性较大、本构参数不确定性较强的问题,本研究提出了基于RSM-CMA的钢筋混凝土结构材料非线性本构参数的识别算法。首先,讨论分析了ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型与规范提供的混凝土本构模型的统一方法,开发了混凝土材料子程序,获取了影响混凝土单轴应力-应变关系的敏感待识别参数,给出了损伤塑性模型屈服面函数与塑性势函数等非识别参数的建议取值。其次,基于响应面法(RSM),实现了结构宏观响应与细观本构参数间隐性关系的显式表达,基于带约束的最小二乘原理,构建目标函数,利用混沌猴群算法(CMA),实现本构参数的优化识别。最后,以钢筋混凝土拱构件的数值仿真为算例,验证了本研究所提算法的准确性。结果表明:抗压强度、峰值压应变是混凝土本构敏感性参数;抗压强度为影响结构极限承载力的最显著本构参数,弹性模量次之,峰值压应变影响最小;本研究所提算法能够较为准确地识别材料的本构参数,有助于获取精确的结构层次宏观响应,可为有限信息下材料本构参数的辨识、获取提供参考。     

单调轴向荷载下钢筋混凝土拉伸损伤本构研究

在已有的连续损伤理论基础上,研究综合考虑混凝土损伤、钢筋混凝土粘结滑移、以及受拉刚化效应等因素的钢筋混凝土拉伸本构模型,所提出的模型可以由其中各元件的本构特性推导出钢筋混凝土受拉损伤本构。该模型可以表征混凝土损伤、配筋等参数与钢筋混凝土试件受拉特性之间的量化关系,可以用于分析配筋受拉试件的初裂荷载、裂缝宽度等。通过与试验数据的对比得出了一些很有意义的计算与分析结果。     

高强度混凝土损伤断裂判据研究

本文建立了高强度混凝土各向异性损伤本构关系，提出了高强度混凝土单元的损伤破裂判据和高强度混凝土结构的损伤断裂判据。     

Numerical Simulation of Brittle Damage in Concrete Specimens

A framework for damage mechanics of concrete is applied to simulate the nonlinear elastic deformation behavior of concrete using finite element method (FEM). A rather simple isotropic damage model containing essentially no adjustable parameters is shown to produce results in remarkably good agreement with sample experimental data: the damage law requires only the fracture energy to be defined completely. The model is achieved by introducing a damage surface that is similar to the yield function in the conventional theory of plasticity. A special form of damage surfaces is constructed to illustrate the application of the model. A new damage criterion, defined as an equivalent strain norm, is proposed, in order to take into consideration the asymmetric behavior of concrete. For verifying the FEM program including the model, deformations predicted by this model are compared with both the experimental ones for the concrete structural model and the ones calculated without application of the continuum damage mechanics.__________Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 3, pp. 57 – 74, May – June, 2005.     

A stochastic damage model for evaluating the internal deterioration of concrete due to freeze–thaw action

This paper presents a stochastic damage model for evaluating the internal deterioration of concrete due to freeze–thaw action, which involves great uncertainty and randomness. In this model, the structural element of concrete is discretized into infinite microelements, whose lifetimes are assumed to be independent random variables. Then expressions for the mean and variance of the damage of concrete are analytically derived. To calibrate the model parameters, a series of freeze–thaw tests in water on non-air-entrained concrete were conducted and back-calculation analyses were performed on the test results of dynamic modulus. The reliability of the proposed stochastic damage model is further validated through comparisons with the results of 80 other existing test specimens. The present model offers a theoretical basis for exploring the statistical aspect of concrete behavior during freeze–thaw.     

受侧向约束混凝土的内时损伤本构模型

受侧向约束混凝土结构由于其核心混凝土处于三向受压应力状态,其强度和变形能力有了很大的提高,因此在土木工程得到了广泛的应用。为了更好的描述这一结构形式的强度和变形特征,该文结合Valanis所提出的内时理论和Mazars的损伤理论,建立了一种全新的适用于侧向约束混凝土结构分析的内时损伤本构模型。该模型考虑弹塑性与损伤的耦合,用内时理论来描述混凝土的弹塑性特性,用各向同性损伤理论描述混凝土微裂缝扩展引起的刚度退化,通过与试验结果以及与其他模型的比较证实了模型的正确性和必要性。最后将该本构模型用于对常见的约束混凝土结构,如钢管混凝土和CFRP约束混凝土结构的应力-应变全过程分析中。     

一种新的混凝土各向异性弹塑性损伤本构模型及其数值实施

该文的目的是建立一种新的、相对简单的混凝土各向异性塑性损伤本构模型,以方便的模拟混凝土结构的破坏行为。为了更好地描述混凝土在拉、压荷载作用下的不同损伤机制,建立了拉、压不同的两种损伤演化方程,用于确定各向异性的拉、压损伤变量。另外,根据应变等效假设,假定有效构型和损伤构型的应变相等,该方法不仅大大简化了模型的推导过程,而且可方便的通过解耦算法进行有效应力和损伤及名义应力的计算,也即塑性部分计算可通过现有的隐式算法实现,损伤部分及名义应力的计算则可通过较为简便的显式算法实现,从而可大大提高计算效率。模型结果与试验结果的对比分析表明：该模型能较好地描述混凝土在三维应力状态下的非线性行为;对双边开口四点弯曲梁试件的模拟也表明：该模型能反应混凝土损伤各向异性的特点,计算结果相比ABAQUS软件自带的混凝土损伤塑性本构模型(CDP模型)更符合实际情况,计算效率也更高。     

Nonlocal anisotropic damage model and related computational aspects for quasi-brittle materials

A three-dimensional damage model with induced damage anisotropy is proposed for quasi-brittle materials such as concrete. The thermodynamics framework is used, considering then a single second-order tensorial damage variable whatever the intensity and the sign of the loading. The quasi-unilateral conditions of micro-cracks closure are written on the hydrostatic stress only. Altogether with the consideration of damage laws ensuring a damage rate proportional to the positive part of the strain tensor this is sufficient to model a strongly different behavior due to damage in tension and in compression. A proof of the positivity of the intrinsic dissipation due to such an induced anisotropic damage is given.An efficient scheme for the implementation of the damage model in commercial Finite Element codes is then detailed and numerical examples of structural failures are given. Plain concrete, reinforced and pre-stressed concrete structures are computed up to high damage level inducing yielding of the reinforcement steels. Local and nonlocal computations are performed.A procedure for the control of rupture is proposed. It is a key point making the computations with anisotropic damage truly efficient.     

Effect of Reinforcement Corrosion Sediment Distribution Characteristics on Concrete Damage Behavior

Reinforcement corrosion directly affects the mechanical behavior of reinforced concrete structures. An electric corrosion test was conducted on a reinforced concrete test specimen, and a finite element model of the reinforcement corrosion damage was established. In addition, the damage behavior of reinforced concrete under different corrosion sediment distribution characteristics and different corrosion rates was studied. It was noted that when corrosion sediments are in a “semiellipse+semicircle” distribution, the results of numerical calculation are consistent with those obtained experimentally, reflecting the damage characteristics of reinforced concrete test specimens. Further, the results showed that the distribution characteristics of corrosion sediments greatly influence the damage behavior of reinforced concrete. In particular, when the corrosion sediments demonstrate a “semiellipse” distribution, reinforced concrete members may easily suffer from reinforcement damages. In the case of “semiellipse+semicircle” and “circle” distributions, the cohesive force between the reinforcements and concrete decreases: With the same corrosion rate, the damaged area expands with the increase in the number of reinforcements, which indicates a reduction in the cohesive force and thus, a reduction in the damage in the reinforcement area. This paper analyzes in-depth the effects of reinforcement corrosion expansion on the concrete damage behavior, provides references for practical engineering.     

基于徐变损伤理论的早龄期大体积混凝土化学-热-力多场耦合模型研究

受水化放热的影响,大体积混凝土在早龄期阶段涉及多个物理场作用,极易发生损伤、开裂等不利行为,会对结构服役期内的耐久性和安全性产生严重的影响。针对此问题,该文基于经典损伤理论框架,发展了一类适用于早龄期大体积混凝土的化学-热-力多场耦合模型,综合地反映了早龄期混凝土的开裂、徐变、温度变形、自收缩变形和龄期效应。通过将水化反应方程与热传导方程联立建立了化学-热场耦合作用模型。进而,基于弹塑性损伤理论框架搭建本构关系,引入考虑损伤影响的微观应力-固化理论以刻画混凝土的线性徐变和非线性徐变,根据温度和水化度的变化求解热膨胀变形和自收缩变形,并考虑了随龄期变化的混凝土力学性能的影响。结合相应的显式求解算法,将上述多场耦合模型应用于Maridal涵洞早龄期力学行为的模拟分析,并探究了混凝土徐变变形的影响。计算结果表明：该文模型可以实现对早龄期大体积混凝土开裂过程的准确模拟,对早龄期混凝土受力性能和开裂行为的研究具有一定的参考意义。     

Damage evaluation of concrete plates by high-velocity impact

This paper describes the evaluation of the local damage of concrete plates by the impact of high-velocity rigid projectiles. A new launching system of mushroom-shaped projectiles has been developed. Impact tests for concrete plates have been conducted by using the system to examine failure modes of the local damage of concrete plates. The damage or failure behavior has been discussed on the basis of the failure process captured by a high speed video camera and the strain histories obtained by strain gauges on the concrete plate. Numerical simulations have been also carried out in order to explain the mechanism of the local damage observed by the experiment. A reasonable numerical model has been discussed in terms of a constitutive model and strain rate effect of concrete material. Mechanism of the local damage of concrete plates has been illustrated schematically.     

钢筋混凝土剪力墙应变率效应试验与基于动力塑性损伤模型的模拟

应变率对混凝土材料的力学性能有着重要影响。该文在对2 片剪力墙构件进行快速加载试验的基础上,在混凝土塑性损伤模型中引入应变率效应,建立了考虑应变率效应的塑性损伤模型。应用该模型对该文所描述的快速加载下的剪力墙构件以及在拟静力作用下的另外3 个构件进行了有限元模拟,结果表明考虑应变率效应的混凝土塑性损伤模型较好地描述了钢筋混凝土剪力墙在快速加载下的非线性行为。最后,运用所建立的考虑应变率效应的混凝土塑性损伤模型对不同轴压比和加载速率下剪力墙构件的非线性性能进行了模拟与分析。