Providing with vitamins of different population groups in Sverdlovsk]

The investigation on providing with vitamins of varying population groups: preschool children, schoolchildren, students of trade schools and higher schools, workers and employees was conducted in Sverdlovsk. Low levels of vitamin C were detected in the blood of 40-92%, folic acid--in 10-76%, vitamin A--in 4-28%, carotene--in 8-60%, tocopherol--in 4-50% of the examinees. Vitamin B1 deficiency was noted in 36-68%, vitamin B2--in 17-71%. The highest deficiency of ascorbic acid was recorded in workers and students of trade schools and higher schools, of folic acid--in workers and adolescents of 15-18 years, of vitamins B1, E, A and carotene--in children and adolescents, vitamin B1--in employees. The mass character of vitamin deficiencies and their negative effects on the health of the population have necessitated broad-scale prophylactic measures: production of vitamin-enriched foods, regular use of multivitamins.     

Provision of workers and employees of Kuzbass industrial enterprises with vitamins C, E, A and beta-carotene

The content of vitamins C, E, A and beta-carotene was studied in the blood serum of 404 workers and employees of the Kuzbass industrial enterprises. Insufficient providing of the body with ascorbic acid, tocopherol and beta-carotene has been revealed. The number of workers and employees with vitamin C deficiency comprises at an average 95%, with vitamin E deficiency--9%, and with beta-carotene deficiency--34%. Industrial enterprises characterized by hard physical labor and occupational health hazard have been found to be most unfavourable with respect to providing with vitamins. The results of the investigations conducted have evidenced the necessity of correcting the vitamin nutrition of the subjects studied.     

西域和匈奴丝绸纹样中的东西方要素探析

选择山普拉古墓群、阿尔泰山区和匈奴古墓出土的丝织品作为研究对象,探析古代西域和匈奴丝绸纹样中的东西方文化和造型要素,通过研究这些纹样造型上的东西方文化的交融现象,来认识丝绸之路多元文化之间的相互交流和影响。研究表明:这些区域上古游牧或半游牧民族接触到了来自中国、波斯﹣印度﹣希腊化和黑海﹣西伯利亚等不同方向的诸多文化艺术,他们对这些不同文化属性的艺术按照自己的喜好和特点进行了借鉴、移植和改造等,创造了属于自己特色的艺术和纹样,从另一个侧面证明中国文化具有极大的魅力,并且传播范围非常辽阔。     

Influence of Asian and Western United states agricultural areas and fires on the atmospheric transport of pesticides in the Western United States

Historic and current use pesticides (HUPs and CUPs), with respect to use in the United States and Canada, were identified in trans-Pacific and regional air masses at Mt. Bachelor Observatory (MBO), a remote high elevation mountain in Oregon's Cascade Range located in the United States, during the sampling period of April 2004 to May 2006 (n = 69), including NASA's INTEX-B campaign (spring 2006). Elevated hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH) concentrations were measured during trans-Pacific atmospheric transport events at MBO, suggesting that Asia is an important source region for these HUPs. Regional atmospheric transport events at MBO resulted in elevated dacthal, endosulfan, metribuzin, triallate, trifluralin, and chlorpyrifos concentrations, with episodic increases in concentration during some spring application periods, suggesting that the Western U.S. is a significant source region for these CUPs. Endosulfan I, gamma-HCH, and dacthal concentrations were significantly positively correlated (p-value < 0.05) with increased air mass time in Western U.S. agricultural areas. Elevated gamma-HCH concentrations were measured at MBO during both trans-Pacific and regional atmospheric transport events, including regional fire events. In addition to gamma-HCH, elevated sigmachlordane, alpha-HCH, HCB, and trifluralin concentrations were associated with fires in Western North America due to revolatilization of these pesticides from soils and vegetation. Trans-chlordane/cis-chlordane and alpha-HCH/gamma-HCH ratios were calculated and may be used to distinguish between free tropospheric and regional and/or Asian air masses.     

粤东地区野生可食悬钩子植物资源及利用研究

悬钩子(Rubus L.)属于蔷薇科Rosaceae悬钩子属植物,在全世界有广泛分布,我国已报道的有194种,其中特有种138种,分布遍及全国各地,分布最为广泛的省(区)有云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东和福建等。大多数悬钩子的果实是可食的,只有少数种类的果实因干燥或过于酸涩而不宜食用,果实可食的悬钩子称树莓或可食悬钩子。树莓的浆果甜而芳香,营养丰富,不仅是鲜美的生食水果,还可以加工成果酱、果酒、果汁和蜜饯等,同时还是蜜源和药用植物。随着人们生活水平的提高和资源开发的深入,野生水果以其庞大的数量、丰富的遗传多样性、突出的抗性和适应性、…     

Effect of rations with a varying content of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamins on the state of the small intestine in respect of age]

Groups of young sexually mature and old albino rats were kept for three months on 4 isocaloric rations, viz. balanced, with reduced proportion of essential fatty acids or group 'B' vitamins and with simultaneous curtailment of fatty acids and vitamins. With vitamin deficiency there was a certain derangement in the structure and function of the small intestine, especially in older animals. A shortage of essential fatty acids impaired the condition of the small intestine only in old animals. In cases of concurrent deficiency of vitamins and essential fatty acids maximal changes in both young and old animals were in evidence.     

东西方服饰构成体系形成的传统文化思想基础

传统东方服装宽松的平面构成与西方贴合身的立体构成两大服饰体系,具有各自传统的文化思想基础。20世纪以来东西方文化的交流越来越广泛与深入,多元融合成为世界服装发展的主旋律。     

Rats fed linseed oil in microemulsion forms enriches the cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum lipids with docosahexaenoic acid and lower calcium transport

The effect of feeding rats with whey protein or lipoid microemulsion of n-3 rich linseed oil (LSO), and n-6 rich sunflower oil (SNO) compared to native or microemulsion forms of each oil for 60 days on fatty acid composition, Ca²⁺Mg²⁺ ATPase, Ca²⁺ uptake and membrane fluidity of rat cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) were assessed. Rats consuming LSO in lipoid microemulsion showed higher levels of ALA (18:3, n-3) conversion to DHA (22:6, n-3) when compared to rats given LSO in native form. Compared to all other dietary treatments, the alterations in the n-6/n-3 PUFA composition of SR of rats given LSO in lipoid microemulsion effected the greatest changes in Ca²⁺Mg²⁺ ATPase activity and Ca²⁺ uptake which effectively reduced Ca²⁺ transport. Therefore, the LSO in lipoid microemulsion confers similar heart healthy fatty acid compositional and calcium transport changes and potentially anti-arrhythmic effects similar to fish oils.     

Influence of vitamins C, Bl, and B6 on the diurnal periodicity of the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex in patients with atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis]

Diurnal periodicity of the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex was studied in 52 patients with atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis without and with circulatory insufficency of the I, IIA and IIB stage, based on the determination of 17-OCS in 3 portions of the urine collected at equal 8-hours long time intervals. The patients without circulatory insufficiency and with insufficiency of the 1st stage received ascorbic acid in amounts of 0.3 g thrice a day, along with vitamins B1 and B6 (5 and 6 per cent) in doses of 1 ml for 14-16 days. Patients with circulatory insufficiency of the IIA and IIB stages were given vitamins and cardiac glycosides. Investigations ascertained disturbed rhythmic and functional activity of the suprarenals in these patients. The treatment resulted in improving the glucocorticoid function of the adrenal cortex with simultaneous normalization of the rhythmic activity of the suprarenals.     

Effects of the use of a multivitamin preparation "Pikovit" (KRKA, Yugoslavia) on providing nursery children with vitamins]

Providing of children aged 3-5 years with vitamins C, B1, B2, B6 and PP was studied before and after intake (during 3 months) of multivitamin "Pikovit" (KRKA, Yugoslavia) by the excretion with urine of ascorbic acid, thiamine, riboflavin, 4-pyridoxic acid and N-methylnicotinamide. Before "Pikovit" intake the mean level of thiamine excretion was close to the lower border of the normal level, while ascorbic acid and N-methylnicotinamide levels were lower than the normal in 73 and 69% of the children studied, respectively. "Pikovit" induced an increase in the mean values of excretion of all vitamins studied except for ascorbic acid. The multivitamin prevented the impairment of children providing with vitamins C and B6, and improved their provision with vitamins B1, B2 and PP. However, the doses of vitamins used proved to be insufficient for complete normalization of the vitamin status in children, therefore it is necessary to use "Pikovit" in higher doses as it is recommended by the firm-manufacturer.     

"东桑西移"带给东部地区茧丝绸业的机遇和挑战

分析“东桑西移”给东部地区茧丝绸产业带来的发展机遇和挑战,探讨东部地区如何从产业化经营、科技创新、自主品牌发展等方面发展茧丝绸产业的新对策。     

Characteristics of lipid metabolism in deep mine workers and the ways of its alimentary correction]

Lipid and antioxidant state of clinically normal subjects working in deep mines was studied under natural conditions during one month. Disorders in lipid metabolism and intensified peroxidation were recorded in these subjects. A prophylactic ration has been recommended considering the food status, alimentary risk factors and extreme conditions of miners' labour.     

Effectiveness of use in preventive nutrition the food ptoducts with contents of pectin and vitamins

Daily inclusion in the diet of Pskov GRES workers the drinks or kissels containing 2 g pectin per daily serving (cup) during 6 months was accompanied by a statistically significant decline of their supply with vitamins C, B2, A and beta-carotene. This is reflected both in reducing the average vitamin concentration in blood serum and in the increase of the quota of people with deficiency of several vitamins. Additional inclusion of 13 vitamins in these drinks and kissels, in a dose about 80% of the RDA, has prevented the deterioration of vitamin status.     

The vitamin status and indices of immunity in workers in the metallurgical industry in Zapoliar'e]

Some parameters of vitamin providing and immune status were studied in 133 workers and employees of metallurgic industry in Zapolyarie. The data obtained have evidenced that the contingent studied was insufficiently provided with ascorbic acid, vitamins B1, B2, B6, had low content of vitamin A and beta-carotene. Combined vitamin deficiency was recorded in 88.6% of 44 workers subjected to investigations. A total of 87.7% of persons with low vitamin levels had shifts in the immunity system. The highest disorders in the cellular immunity parameters were observed in subjects with polyhypovitaminosis. The results of the study have necessitated taking measures for correction of vitamin providing.     

Modeling the transport of PCDD/F compounds in a contaminated river and the possible influence of restoration dredging on calculated fluxes

River Kymijoki, the fourth largest river in Finland, has been heavily polluted by pulp mill effluents as well as by chemical industry. Loading has been reduced considerably, although remains of past emissions still exist in river sediments. The sediments are highly contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs), and mercury originating from production of the chlorophenolic wood preservative (Ky-5) and other sources. The objective of this study was to simulate the transport of these PCDD/F compounds with a one-dimensional flow and transport model and to assess the impact of restoration dredging. Using the estimated trend in PCDD/F loading, downstream concentrations were calculated until 2020. If contaminated sediments are removed by dredging, the temporary increase of PCDD/F concentrations in downstream water and surface sediments will be within acceptable limits. Long-term predictions indicated only a minor decrease in surface sediment concentrations but a major decrease if the most contaminated sediments close to the emission source were removed. A more detailed assessment of the effects is suggested.     

Indices of the nutritional status of workers in the oil and gas production industry adapting to the extreme conditions of an arid zone

The authors studied actual nutrition and certain parameters of food (supply of vitamins A, E, C and the content of phospholipids, cholesterol, NEFA, triglycerides and cholesterol esters) for oil derrick installers working during summer at the "Mangyschlakneft" amalgamation. Incorrect structure of their nutrition and insufficient supply with vitamins A and C, revealed as the result of the study, necessitate rationalization of the nutrition for such workers.     

The effect of vitamins A and E on the amino acid composition of proteins in different segments of the brain in aged animals]

The amino acids protein composition was studied in different segments of the brain in young (1.5 month old) and old (23-months) rats. The research covered also a short-lived action of vitamins A and E on the amino acids protein composition in the brain of 23-months old rats. The levels of the glutamic, aspartic acids, lysine, serine, of the sum of valine+methionine was found to be down, whereas the content of other amino acids proved invariable. After vitamins A and E loads the glutamic and aspartic acids in the brain segments under investigation was found to be up. In individual segments the content of lysine, thyrosine, valine+methionine experienced a certain normalization.