采用加氢工艺研制56号冷冻机油

以克拉玛依环烷基原油减二线馏分油为原料,采用国产加氢精制、临氢降凝催化剂,在100 mL小型加氢实验装置上,经过工艺条件的优化,评选出适宜的工艺条件,研制出可满足56号冷冻机油产品要求的基础油,通过加入适宜的添加剂配方,可生产出市场需求的56号冷冻机油产品。     

加氢尾油非临氢降凝生产润滑油基础油

以加氢尾油为原料,采用非临氢降凝工艺生产润滑油基础油。结果表明,基础油收率大于75%,100 YF白油和150 YF白油黏度指数均大于100,同时可生产链烷烃和液化气。     

轻白油生产工艺技术研究

中国石油抚顺石化分公司石油三厂以加氢生成油经北蒸馏装置常压分馏得到的北塔底油（柴油组分）为原料,通过微型加氢试验装置,筛选出加氢精制催化剂3996、临氢降凝催化剂3792、加氢脱芳烃催化剂FV-1,将上述三种催化剂按照19：6：25（体积比）进行组合装填,在微型加氢试验装置进行一段加氢法生产轻白油试验,并经过了工业试生产。结果表明,在适宜的操作条件下,可以产出合格的轻白油产品。     

Catalysis of olefin hydrogenation and allylic isomerization by immobilized gold nanoclusters

Gold nanoparticles immobilized on carbon and oxide supports showed catalytic activity in the hydrogenation and allylic isomerization of alkenes and arylalk-1-enes. The catalysts were active only in the case when the average size of metal particles did not exceed 30 nm. Hydrogenation was accompanied by the allylic isomerization of the substrate. Under chosen conditions, the ratio of hydrogenation to isomerization rate was close to 1: 2. The activity of gold nanoparticles immobilized on oxide catalysts increases with an increase in their acidity.     

Kinetic model of hydrogenation of propylene oligomers

The kinetic mechanisms of hydrogenation of propane-propylene fraction oligomers on a platinum-containing catalyst were investigated at different temperatures and pressures. The kinetic model developed adequately describes the experimental data. __________ Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 6, pp. 29–30, November–December, 2006.     

C4烯烃加氢生产乙烯料的工艺研究

将2种硫化型加氢催化剂组合装填,进行了C4馏分加氢生产乙烯裂解原料的实验,确定了适宜的C4烯烃加氢饱和工艺条件,并进行了1500 h催化剂活性稳定性考察实验.结果表明在氢分压为3.2 MPa、反应温度为(基准±30)℃,氢/油体积比为200,体积空速为(基准×2.0)h-1的反应条件下,C4烯烃的加氢饱和率达到95%～100%,加氢C4烯烃体积分数不大于1.0%,是蒸汽裂解制乙烯的优质原料.     

Effect of hydrogenation on the oxidation resistance of decene oligomers

The kinetics of autoxidation and initiated oxidation of PAO-2, PAO-4, PAO-6, and PAO-10⁺ decene oligomer fractions at 140°C after a hydrogenation process was studied. Key reactions in the mechanism of oxidation were identified; the numerical values of the kinetic parameters were determined, and mathematical models, which quantitatively described the experimental data on the consumption of oxygen and the buildup of hydroperoxides during the course of the oxidation of the test samples, were obtained. The oxidation resistances of hydrogenated fractions were compared with each other. It was found that the kinetic parameters of the test samples were similar, and the oxidation of all of the hydrogenated oligomers occurred by approximately the same processes. Using the PAO-2 fraction at 120, 130, and 140°C as an example, the oxidizability of hydrogenated and unhydrogenated samples was compared. It was found that hydrogenation improved all of the kinetic characteristics and, consequently, increased the oxidation resistance of oligomers. However, the oligomers remained readily oxidizable substances, particularly, at elevated temperatures.     

聚α-烯烃合成油生产工艺进展

综述了国内外聚α-烯烃合成油(PAO)生产工艺及生产状况.介绍了国外PAO主要生产商的工艺.对我国聚α-烯烃合成油的发展提出了建议.     

润滑油加氢反应器更换设计

根据业主提供的现场操作条件和技术要求,通过对两种形式反应器的对比,将原有的冷壁式加氢反应器更换为热壁式,并对反应器的尺寸、空速、催化剂装填量进行计算,设计反应器内构件,及考虑配管中应注意的事项。     

重整生成油全馏分FITS加氢脱烯烃技术的应用

介绍了FITS(Flexible and innovative tube reactor with selective liquid-phase hydrogenative technology)灵活液相管式反应加氢技术在中国石油化工股份有限公司长岭分公司700 kt/a连续重整装置工业应用情况,包括开工、标定和正常运行等工艺参数。探讨了该技术在重整生成油加氢装置长周期运行方案。FITS加氢技术自2012年7月首次应用于重整全馏分生成油脱烯烃以来,实现了与重整装置同步长周期运行,取代了二甲苯的白土精制工艺,白土消耗量为0,且二甲苯产品的溴指数能持续稳定地小于10 mg Br/(100 g),同时消除了白土精制工艺的瓶颈与环境保护问题。     

甲烷部分氧化铑基催化剂的活性中心本质研究

采用脉冲反应技术,研究了ＣＨ４、ＣＨ４／Ｏ２（２／１）在还原态和氧化态铑基催化剂上的反应情况。观察到,在第一个ＣＨ４／Ｏ２（２／１）脉冲反应点中,氧化态催化剂上的甲烷转化率、ＣＯ２选择性显著高于还原态催化剂;从第二个脉冲反应点开始,氧化态催化剂上的甲烷转化率、产物选择性均与还原态催化剂上的基本接近,表明在第一个ＣＨ４／Ｏ２（２／１）脉冲反应点中,氧化态催化剂中的铑氧化物已被甲烷还原至金属态铑;从第二个脉冲反应点开始,ＣＨ４＋Ｏ２反应实际上在还原态的铑位上进行。由此推断,金属态铑是甲烷部分氧化制合成气的活性位     

渣油加氢催化剂的工业应用

考察了2种进口渣油加氢催化剂(RM系列和ICR系列)在中化泉州石化有限公司330万t/a渣油加氢装置上的工业应用情况。结果表明:2种渣油加氢催化剂均具有良好的加氢活性;在原料性质和操作条件相近的条件下,与ICR系列催化剂相比,RM系列催化剂的脱硫、脱残炭性能较优,脱金属性能略差,且RM前部反应器床层压差上升速率较慢。     

炼化一体化低成本低碳烯烃生产技术与进展

乙烯原料成本占生产总成本的80％～90％。发挥炼化一体化的资源优势,利用炼厂干气、拔头油、丙烷、丁烷、抽余油、加氢尾油等副产物作乙烯原料,可降低乙烯生产成本。C4烃、催化裂化汽油经催化裂解制烯烃是生产低成本低碳烯烃的技术发展方向,应值得关注并重视相应的技术开发研究工作。