桑椹红色素研究进展

从桑椹中提取的天然红色素是一种安全、无毒的食用色素。概述了该色素的结构组成、理化性质、提取工艺及影响该色素稳定性因素方面的研究现状及天然色素的发展前景。     

红枣红色素的研究进展

随着食品工业的迅猛发展,食品添加剂在人们生活中发挥的作用日益显著。近年来,食品安全屡遭质疑,人们对食用色素也提出了更高的要求,相较于大多数具有致癌风险的合成色素,取自天然、无污染的植物色素更受到人们的青睐。枣红色素是一种提取自红枣果皮的天然色素资源,但开发和利用这一天然色素资源还存在许多问题。本文就色素组成、性质、药理活性、提取和精制方法及深加工技术进行了介绍,综述了近年来红枣红色素在提取、加工和应用方面的研究概况。分析表明,红枣红色素原料来源丰富,提取方便,是一种值得深度开发的性能优异的天然色素资源,但在色素结构鉴定、高效低能耗提取方法开发和产品干燥制粉等方面目前开展的工作较少,文末就此对枣红色素的研究进行了展望。     

天然色素提取及海藻中的天然色素

文章介绍了天然色素的应用历史、分类及其特点和天然色素的提取方法;重点阐述了各门海藻中所含有的天然色素和我国从海藻中提取天然色素的现状,指出从海藻中提取色素是天然色素开发研究的重要资源领域并具有巨大的经济潜力。     

天然食用色素的研究进展

天然食用色素(Natural Food Pigment)存在于多种生物体,主要包括植物源色素、动物源色素、微生物源色素等,是一种天然食品添加剂,具有安全、无毒、营养和保健等特点,有着广阔的发展与应用前景。该文就天然食用色素提取纯化方法和生理功能等方面的研究进行了概括和归纳,并提出了我国天然色素发展存在的问题,以促进我国天然色素的发展提供参考。     

天然色素提取及海藻中的天然色素

文章介绍了天然色素的应用历史、分类及其特点和天然色素的提取方法；重点阐述了各门海藻中所含有的天然色素和我国从海藻中提取天然色素的现状，指出从海藻中提取色素是天然色素开发研究的重要资源领域并具有巨大的经济潜力。     

超声波辅助提取紫苏色素的工艺优化

随着人们对食品安全的关注,人们愈发倾向于天然食品,尤其是人工化学合成色素一般对人体有害,我国食品添加剂行业提出了"天然,营养,多功能添加剂"的绿色发展方针,优先使用天然色素,并致力于提高天然色素的提取率,实现扩大化生产。紫苏是我国传统的药食两用植物。主要研究的是在超声波辅助下紫苏色素提取的最佳工艺条件,探讨了超声时间、超声功率、料液比这三个因素对紫苏色素提取效果的影响。结果表明,以无水乙醇为提取溶剂时,在可见光范围内紫苏色素的最大吸收峰为415 nm,通过正交试验发现超声时间对提取效果影响较大,且提取紫苏色素的最佳工艺条件是:超声时间30 min,料液比1︰60(g/mL),超声功率420 W。     

乙醇/水溶液对天然棕色棉色素提取的影响

为研究天然棕色棉色素的有效提取条件,对乙醇/水溶液体系提取天然棕色棉色素的组分进行了研究。不同乙醇浓度溶剂对棕棉色素的提取组分有明显影响。研究表明：棕棉色素提取物分为较易分离（保留时间1-5min）和难分离（保留时间7-17min）两部分有色成分;棕棉色素具有很强的亲水特性,90%以上乙醇浓度对其提取效率很低,不适宜对棕棉色素物质的提取;0%乙醇/水溶液适合保留时间为1.4min色素物质的提取;30%乙醇/水溶液适合保留时间为1.7min、2.2min和9.6min色素物质的提取;50%乙醇/水溶液适合保留时间为14.9min色素成分的提取。     

一串红天然红色素的研究

研究了一串红天然红色素的提取工艺和基本性质，探讨了影响色素稳定性的因素。结果表明，该色素属花青苷类色素，对光、热等均较稳定，可在中性或偏酸性介质中使用，是一种有开发价值的天然食用色素     

冬青叶色素的提取及其在真丝染色中的应用北大核心

冬青叶中的色素是一种天然植物染料。通过对提取液吸光度及其染色真丝织物K/S值的测试与分析,讨论了冬青叶色素的提取工艺及染色工艺参数对染色效果的影响。结果表明,Na OH溶液是冬青叶色素提取的较佳试剂,色素在70-80℃温度范围内性能稳定;冬青叶色素提取液对真丝织物染色的优化工艺为：染液p H值4,染料用量50 m L/L,染色温度75℃。真丝织物采用该色素染色可以得到较深的染色效果,色牢度能够达到服用要求。     

天然黑玉米色素研究与应用进展

黑玉米色素是从黑色玉米植株、玉米芯和玉米籽粒中提取花青苷,是一种安全、无毒天然食用色素;黑玉米色素呈有良好抗氧化活性,并具抗肿瘤、延缓衰老、降血压、调节血脂、降血糖等功能。黑玉米色素以酸性溶剂提取,其至少含有9种花色苷,主要活性物质为花青素-3-葡萄糖苷;黑玉米色素作为天然食品添加剂,可用于食品、药品、化妆品、染色剂等。该文综述黑玉米色素化学结构、理化性质、提取工艺及应用价值,对加强该色素深入研究和开发利用具有一定参考价值。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the