南京市道路交叉口路面病害调查及原因分析

根据南京市道路交叉口路面破坏状况调查、承载能力评定以及路面材料的性能检测结果 ,分析了道路交叉口路面病害的主要原因 ,并提出了防治对策     

Integration of geographic information systems and computer vision systems for pavement distress classification

The main objective of this research work was to investigate the potential of integration of geographic information system (GIS), global positioning system (GPS) and computer vision system (CVS) for the purpose of flexible pavement distresses classifications and maintenance priorities. The classification process included distress type, distress severity level and options for repair. A system scheme that integrated the above-mentioned systems was developed. The system utilized the data collected by GPS and a PC-based vision system in a GIS environment. GIS Arcview software was used for the purpose of data display, query, manipulation and analysis.The developed system provided a safer pavement condition data collection technique, flexible data storage, archiving, updating and maintenance priorities updating. Maintenance priorities were assigned based on priority indices values computed by priority index (PI) or available budget criterion. This technique was cost-effective and offered wise-based decision making for different maintenance activities and programs.Using average daily traffic (ADT), distance from maintenance unit (R), pavement section area and pavement age, statistical models were developed to forecast pavement distress quantities. It was found that ADT and pavement age variables were the most significant factors in the distresses quantification.     

城镇道路检测鉴定方法工程应用

以广州市花都区田美路为工程实例,通过路面破损状况调查、平整度检测、弯沉检测、抗滑性能检测和路面密实状况检测等,借助城镇道路养护技术规范对道路的技术状况进行了评价,并提出了有益的建议。     

基于图象子块分布特性的路面破损图象特征提取

由于路面破损形式的多种多样,造成路面破损分类[1]成为一大难题,这极大的限制了路面破损自动检测的普及和发展,使得路面破损自动检测即使在发达国家也普及得不够理想。本文在前文提出的破损密度因子的基础上,进一步设计了出方向密度因子,得到一种基于图象子块分布特性的路面破损识别算法。通过仿真,验证了其对常见的5种路面破损类型进行分类的可行性。为了进一步验证我们提出的识别算法,论文选择了另外一种路面破损分类算法,即PROXIMITY算法进行神经网络仿真对比。神经网络的训练样本是两组,测试样本也是两组,进行了四次仿真对比。四次仿真结果都显示方向密度因子算法优于PROXIMITY算法。     

复合固结土路面基层试验段质量与成本控制

通过复合固化土路面基层试验段的实施,总结其施工工艺与质量控制措施,并将其与传统二灰碎石基层成本进行分析对比,通过对比证明复合固结土路面基层是一项高性能、低成本、环保的施工技术,具有很高的推广价值。     

原水泥混凝土路面检测技术分析

本文基于南宁市市政主要道路--昆仑大道路况调查,对原水泥混凝土路面的检测做了比较系统的介绍。其中主要包括：水泥混凝土路面结构参数调查、路面损坏状况检测、等方面,并给出了路况调查的分析结果及对结构的评估分析。     

Patch detection for pavement assessment

Pavement management systems rely on comprehensive up-to-date road condition data to provide effective decision support for short, medium and long term maintenance scheduling. However, the cost per mile of the existing condition data collection methods allows only for periodical surveys. This leads to long gaps between inspections and a focus on major roads over rural ones. Therefore, pavement condition monitoring systems that provide inexpensive frequent updates on the road condition are necessary. Such systems would require robust and automatic defect detection methods using low-cost sensors. In this paper, one such method is proposed for detecting road patches from video data acquired by the car's parking camera. A patch is initially detected based on its visual characteristics, which are: 1) it consists of a closed contour and 2) its texture is the same with the surrounding intact pavement. The patch is then passed to a kernel tracker in order to trace it in subsequent video frames. This way redetection is avoided and each patch is reported only once. The method was implemented in a C# prototype and tested with video data consisting of approximately 4000 frames collected from roads in Cambridge, UK. The results show that the suggested method has 84% precision and 96% recall.     

A Pavement Crack Detection Method Combining 2D with 3D Information Based on Dempster‐Shafer Theory

Pavement cracking is one of the main distresses presented in the road surface. Objective and accurate detection or evaluation for these cracks is an important task in the pavement maintenance and management. In this work, a new pavement crack detection method is proposed by combining two‐dimensional (2D) gray‐scale images and three‐dimensional (3D) laser scanning data based on Dempster‐Shafer (D‐S) theory. In this proposed method, 2D gray‐scale image and 3D laser scanning data are modeled as a mass function in evidence theory, and 2D and 3D detection results for pavement cracks are fused at decision‐making level. The experimental results show that the proposed method takes advantage of the respective merits of 2D images and 3D laser scanning data and therefore improves the pavement crack detection accuracy and reduces recognition error rate compared to 2D image intensity‐based methods.     

级配碎石层在2种典型路面结构中的计算分析

以长沙市武广片区道路试验段为依托工程,通过理论分析和3D有限元数值分析、工程应用与后期跟踪检测相结合等技术手段,对级配碎石层应用于2种典型道路路面结构(柔性结构和倒装结构)的性能差异进行了研究。利用大型有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立路面结构的3D模型,充分考虑了级配碎石层的弹塑性,对柔性结构、倒装结构在单次平面均布矩形荷载作用下的力学响应进行了分析;通过变化级配碎石层的回弹模量和厚度,对2种路面结构的力学指标峰值进行了敏感性分析。试验段检测结果表明,采用3D有限元模型分析路面结构能较真实地反映路面结构的实际力学响应。     

路用探地雷达的工程应用

路面结构层厚度检测是道路质量控制的重要工作,采用具有快速、无损、可连续测试的探地雷达技术对其进行检测,更能为竣工验收提供科学依据。文中介绍了探地雷达技术在公路路面工程厚度检测中的实际应用,说明探地雷达检测公路路面厚度在实际应用中是切实可行的,在公路工程质量检测中具有独特的优势,为公路路面厚度检测增添了一种新的技术方法。     

季冻区水泥路面技术状况的调查研究

对省内不同等级的水泥路面技术状况的现场调查方法进行分析后的结果表明:路面损坏状况、结构承载力、抗滑性能和平整度可以比较全面的反映水泥路面的技术状况;路面损坏状况检测不宜在高温天气进行,且路面智能检测车连续工作时间不应大于8h;路面技术状况的调查目的对于调查频率的高低和实用调查项目的多少影响较大;季冻区水泥路面调查宜避开冰雪以及高温等恶劣气候环境时段,最适宜的调查时段宜在5~6月或者9~10月的雨天进行。     

Spatiotemporal matching method for tracking pavement distress using high-frequency detection data

Various algorithms based on deep learning have achieved promising results in pavement distress detection. However, the detected distresses are not tracked throughout the life cycle. In long-term application scenarios, pavement distresses may take on different forms due to image acquisition mode, distress development, and environmental change, which make tracking distresses a tough question. We present in this study a spatiotemporal matching method based on high-frequency real pavement distress datasets. Pavement distresses of fixed routes were collected 30 times over 5 months, and distresses with spatiotemporal information were obtained at time series. We apply image rectification, stitching and distress class, and bounding box generation algorithms for pre-processing to align the collected images to the same-detail level and angle. A four-step spatiotemporal matching module is designed, including global positioning system (GPS) filtering, class filtering, relative position filtering, and distress feature filtering. The results reveal that the comprehensive rank-3 hit rate of the matching method reaches 88.73%, and the method is robust to environmental factors, which helps show performance decay of distresses and the effect of maintenance operations. It is concluded that the spatiotemporal matching method is convenient to operate, and it lays the foundation for an agency to track distress evolution and make timely treatment of distresses in the life cycle.     

探地雷达在市政道路质量安全检测中的应用

简要介绍探地雷达的工作原理及其在道路检测中的应用,涉及路面脱空检测、路面下洞穴探测、路面厚度检测等方面,通过开挖或局部钻孔比对,验证了各项探测或检测的有效性.     

影响沥青路面平整度的原因分析与对策

指出路面平整度是衡量高等级公路使用性能的一项重要指标,通过乌奎高速公路沥青路面施工实践,对影响沥青路面平整度的原因进行了细致的分析,并提出相应的对策,从而提高路面工程质量。     

深汕高速公路软基段路面处治方案设计

深汕高速公路软基路段经地基加固处理并铺设过渡性路面后投入运营3a,路面出现不同程度破坏。通过调查,软土地基物理力学性能已明显改善,但在重车超荷作用下,过渡性路面承载力不足,加上雨水浸蚀,路面遭受破坏,进行处治势在必行。文章介绍了对过渡性路面改造的补强设计、病害处理和加铺罩面设计方案。实践证明,经处治后路况良好。     

A multi-objective optimisation approach for sustainable pavement management

Addressing the multidimensional challenges involved in advancing the sustainability of pavement systems requires the development of optimisation-based decision support system (DSS) for pavement management with the capability to identify optimally sustainable pavement maintenance and rehabilitations (M&R) strategies. The main objective of this research work is to develop a multi-objective optimisation framework that hosts a comprehensive and integrated pavement life cycle costs–life cycle assessment model that covers the pavement’s whole life cycle, from the extraction and production of materials to construction and maintenance, transportation of materials, work-zone traffic management, usage and end-of-life. The capability of the proposed DSS is analysed in a case study aiming at investigating, from a full life cycle perspective, the extent to which a number of pavement engineering solutions are efficient in improving the environmental and economic aspects of pavement sustainability, when applied in the management of a road pavement section. Multiple bi-objective optimisation analyses considering accordingly agency costs, user costs and greenhouse gas emissions were conducted based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm. Pareto fronts were obtained for each analysis, originating a set of non-dominated maintenance and rehabilitation solutions. Posteriorly, a multi-criteria decision analysis method was used to find the best compromise solution for pavement management.     

A Comparative Analysis of Two Artificial Neural Networks Using Pavement Performance Prediction

The management of pavements requires the ongoing allocation of substantial manpower and capital resources by the responsible agencies. These agencies ultimately report to the executive and legislative branches of government, which require justification and proof of the efficacy of these expenditures. This and the need for improved engineering technical feedback have encouraged the development of pavement management systems (PMS). One goal of a PMS is to provide decision makers at all levels with optimal resource-allocation strategies. This requires evaluation of alternatives over an analysis period based on predicted values of pavement performance. This necessitates more reliable pavement performance prediction models. Traditional modeling uses multiple regression techniques to predict pavement performance from traffic, time, and pavement distress or various combinations of these factors. Within the last 10 years, new modeling techniques, including artificial neural networks (ANNs), have been applied to transportation problems. The ANNs examined usually have been of a single type called a dot product ANN. This paper examines a different type called the quadratic function ANN and compares the results to the dot product ANN. The quadratic function ANN is a generalized adaptive, feedforward neural network that combines supervised and self-organizing learning. Models were developed to predict roughness using both types of ANN on the same data samples and the results compared. The data samples were drawn from the Kansas Department of Transportation's PMS database. The results indicate a significant improvement in the use of the self-organizing quadratic function ANNs and lead to recommendations for specific areas of additional research.     

沥青路面路基病害综合检测技术选择

对沥青混凝土路面出现的各种早期破损病害问题，需要进行深入细致的调查、勘察、检测、试验与分析工作；针对沥青混凝土路面病害，合理地研究并讨论了综合选择检测、监测技术，为揭示沥青混凝土路面早期病害产生原因奠定了基础。     

Strategies for autonomous robots to inspect pavement distresses

The distress survey is an important task for pavement maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) activities. As distress surveys require tremendous human resources, many investigators have begun to develop automatic inspection methods with the aim of increasing the efficiency and accuracy of inspections. After assessment of distress surveys on pavements using an autonomous robot (P3-AT), this research aims at developing motion strategies for executing distress surveys using robots under project-level practices. Three motion strategies were specifically developed: (1) Strategy I: random survey (R); (2) Strategy II: random survey with map recording (R + M); (3) Strategy III: random survey with map recording and vision guidance (R + M + V). To validate these three strategies, we developed a test field in a virtual environment. The test field included five distress types, including an alligator crack, a small patching, a pothole, a rectangular manhole and a circular manhole. We also developed a virtual robot to navigate the test field autonomously. The three survey strategies were then implemented by the virtual robot and their performances were compared with the current traffic-directional survey strategy.     

沥青混凝土路面平整度的分析与对策

结合近年来祁临高速公路沥青混凝土路面沉陷修复等路面施工实践,对影响沥青混凝土路面平整度的原因进行了细致的分析,并提出了相应的对策,以确保和提高沥青路面平整度.