蒙脱土改性气相缓蚀剂的制备及性能研究

采用蒙脱土对吗啉类气相缓蚀剂进行改性,通过气相防锈甄别试验和气相缓蚀能力试验,对改性气相缓蚀剂进行了防锈性能评定,结果表明,蒙脱土的引入增强了气相缓蚀剂的缓蚀能力.密闭空间挥发减重试验表明,改性气相缓蚀剂的挥发能力有所提高.模拟大气腐蚀水的电化学极化曲线表明,蒙脱土的引入进一步增大了对阳极和阴极电化学过程的抑制作用.     

甲基哌嗪的气相缓蚀能力探讨

为了开发无毒和低毒的气相缓蚀剂,通过气相甄别试验和湿热试验研究了甲基哌嗪类化合物对钢铁的气相缓蚀能力.结果表明,呱嗪类化合物具有较好的热稳定性和气相缓蚀性能,毒性较低,性能稳定,可作为黑色金属的中短期气相缓蚀剂应用.     

化学气相沉积法连续SiC纤维的研究现状和发展趋势

综述了采用化学气相沉积法制备连续SiC纤维的研究进展,介绍了国内外化学气相沉积法制备的大直径、致密和均匀的SiC纤维的制备装置、制备工艺、性能、微观组织以及表面处理等热点研究方向,讨论了SiC纤维的制备工艺、性能和微观组织之间的关系以及利用表面处理如何弥补SiC纤维的缺陷,指出了今后采用化学气相沉积法制备连续SiC纤维的研究重点和发展趋势.     

等离子体增强化学气相沉积氮化钛薄膜

等离子增强化学气相沉积法(PCVD)是在物理气相沉积(PVD)和化学气相沉积(CVD)基础上发展起来的一种沉积方法。它兼有 PVD 和 CVD 方法的优点。介绍了 PCVD的原理和所研制的一台 PCVD 设备。分析了用 CVD 法和 PCVD 法制备的硬质膜的性能。所分析的性能有:显微硬度、抗弯强度、粘结牢度、机加工性能。     

VGCF/SMPU复合材料的形状记忆性能研究

形状记忆聚氨酯因具有热致形状记忆特性而引起世界的极大兴趣,自20世纪80年代以来迅速发展成为一种新型的功能材料.本文以1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂,采用溶液混合法制备了形状记忆聚氨酯/气相生长碳纤维复合材料薄膜,利用扫描电镜观察了气相生长碳纤维在形状记忆聚氨酯中的分散性,测试分析了加入气相生长碳纤维对形状记忆聚氨酯的热致形状记忆性能的影响.扫描电镜观察显示:气相生长碳纤维含量达到3%(质量分数,下同)时在形状记忆聚氨酯中开始有少量团聚现象,含量达到5%后团聚现象比较明显;形状记忆性能测试发现:加入气相生长碳纤维不同程度的降低了复合材料的热致形状记忆性能,根据对形状记忆聚氨酯中两相结构的相分离程度及软段结晶情况的不同影响而反映为对形状记忆性能的不同影响.     

复合气相缓蚀剂对纯铜缓蚀的研究

铜应用广泛,但在湿度较高的腐蚀性介质中其易被腐蚀,采用苯骈三氮唑(BTA)和酚类W制成一种新型复合气相缓蚀剂,采用原子分光光度计和电化学测试方法、扫描电镜和激光拉曼显微镜研究了该复合气相缓蚀剂对纯铜的缓蚀性能及其缓蚀机理.结果表明,该复合气相缓蚀剂在铜表面形成的膜是一种自组装缓蚀膜,具有很好的防蚀和拒水性能.     

气相防锈纸的电化学评价研究

为了快速评价防锈纸的性能,采用电化学方法对气相防锈纸涂布液配方进行了研究和改进,介绍了一种气相防锈纸电化学评价的装置,通过双电极叠片大气腐蚀监测(ACM)电池,比较了气相防锈纸的气相缓蚀能力.结果表明,电化学方法与传统的湿热试验评价方法的结果是一致的,可用于分析缓蚀添加剂的作用机理、比较和快速评价气相防锈纸的气相缓蚀能力.     

一种可剥性气相防锈涂料的研制

一般的可剥性涂料成膜后所形成的涂层较脆,不能够大面积剥离,在金属防锈方面比较差,更不具有对金属气相防锈的功能.研制了一种能在常温下快速成膜的可剥性气相防锈涂料,所形成的涂层具有优良的柔韧性和耐冲击强度,能够大面积地进行剥离.提出了涂料的最佳配方为:乙烯基高分子树脂100.0 g,复合型油溶性气相缓蚀剂13.3 g,环氧树脂6101 10.0 g,增韧剂(邻苯二甲酸二丁酯)25 mL,稳定剂(二月桂酸二丁基锡)0.5 g,抗氧剂B215 0.5 g,润滑油2 mL,混合溶剂700 mL.结果表明,这种涂料对金属具有一定的防锈性能和浸泡性能,喷涂于金属表面可有效地提高金属产品的防锈性能.     

气相防锈包装技术及其发展

分析了气相防锈包装技术的防锈机理和特点,并重点介绍了常用的气相防锈材料及其使用时的注意事项.最后,展望了该技术今后的研究方向.     

碳纳米管MPCVD和TCVD制备的比较分析

碳纳米管主要的制备方法是化学气相沉积法(CVD).采用CVD法中最主要的微波等离子体化学气相沉积法(MPCVD)和热化学气相沉积法(TCVD)制备出定向的碳纳米管.并从制备工艺,场发射性能和SEM结构等方面对两种方法进行比较分析,得出对碳纳米管制备有一定指引和借鉴意义的结论.     

Gas sensor applications of porous Si layers

The porous silicone (PSi) is a relatively new and promising semiconductor material with special physical and chemical properties which somewhat differ from the properties of single crystal Si. Some of these properties are valuable in the field of gas sensor technology, but a lot of questions arise in connection with its application. Do we really need porous semiconductor material for proper gas sensing function? How can electrical properties of the PSi layer be measured if the electrical contacting is problematic? Is it possible to activate the PSi with catalytic noble metal layers or particles? What about the Fermi-level pinning in the PSi layer? The main target of this article is to seek answers to questions listed above and to give a short, but still comprehensive review of the application of the PSi layers on the field of the gas sensor technology, with special care on electrical output signal giving sensors.     

Theoretical study and design of a low-grade heat-driven pilot ejector refrigeration machine operating with butane and isobutane and intended for cooling of gas transported in a gas-main pipeline

This paper describes the construction and performance of a novel combined system intended for natural gas transportation and power production, and for cooling of gas transported in a gas-main pipeline. The proposed system includes a gas turbine compressor, a combined electrogenerating plant and an ejector refrigeration unit operating with a hydrocarbon refrigerant. The combined electrogenerating plant consists of a high-temperature steam–power cycle and a low-temperature hydrocarbon vapor power cycle, which together comprise a binary vapor system. The combined system is designed for the highest possible effectiveness of power generation and could find wide application in gas-transmission systems of gas-main pipelines. Application of the proposed system would enable year-round power generation and provide cooling of natural gas during periods of high ambient temperature operation. This paper presents the main results of a theoretical study and design performance specifications of a low-grade heat-driven pilot ejector refrigeration machine operating with butane and isobutane.     

新型环流式气体分布器的设计与理论验证

简介常用气体分布器的种类及存在的缺陷,提出了一种新型环流式气体分布器,并以某空分项目的具体参数为依托,采用Fluent软件对新型环流式气体分布器在空冷系统水冷塔中的应用进行数值模拟,模拟结果表明新型环流式气体分布器具有较好的分布性能和较小的压降,适合工程应用。叙述模型的理论验证和模拟结果。     

Nanostructured Materials for Room‐Temperature Gas Sensors

Sensor technology has an important effect on many aspects in our society, and has gained much progress, propelled by the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Current research efforts are directed toward developing high‐performance gas sensors with low operating temperature at low fabrication costs. A gas sensor working at room temperature is very appealing as it provides very low power consumption and does not require a heater for high‐temperature operation, and hence simplifies the fabrication of sensor devices and reduces the operating cost. Nanostructured materials are at the core of the development of any room‐temperature sensing platform. The most important advances with regard to fundamental research, sensing mechanisms, and application of nanostructured materials for room‐temperature conductometric sensor devices are reviewed here. Particular emphasis is given to the relation between the nanostructure and sensor properties in an attempt to address structure–property correlations. Finally, some future research perspectives and new challenges that the field of room‐temperature sensors will have to address are also discussed.     

A comparison between V2O5 and WO3 thin films as sensitive elements for NO detection

Vanadium oxide (V₂O₅) and tungsten oxide (WO₃) thin films were investigated with the aim to obtain information about their physical and gas sensing properties. The analysis in the presence of different NO concentrations have shown that both materials are able to detect nitrogen oxide, but their responses exhibit different characteristics. In particular, tungsten oxide was found to be more suitable to be used in the field of application for detecting low concentrations. In addition, a mechanism of detection has been considered.     

酒钢氧气、氮气、氩气管网系统改造分析

随着钢铁企业产能的不断提高,氧气、氮气、氩气管网系统潜在的风险更加突出。分析制氧站区内外氧气、氮气、氩气管网系统存在的故障点和风险性,提出改造方案,使气体供应更稳定、安全,减小对后续生产的影响。     

Evaluation of unpleasant odor with a portable electronic nose

An intelligent multi-sensor system with an entire autonomy, a low weight and a small size has been developed for in situ applications such as environmental pollutant gas detection or olfactory estimation. This portable electronic nose works with commercial metal oxide gas sensors and a microcontroller connected to a compact flash memory as intelligent unit. In this work we present the conception of this electronic nose, its laboratory validation, and a real application which concerns an outdoor air monitoring of a duck breeding. This application is developed in order to quantify continuously discomfort odor spread, causing neighbor complaints. The odor measurements were made using our electronic nose (Nepo) and results are compared to the simultaneous results obtained from other olfactometric techniques.     

金属雾化过程气体质量流率的研究

金属雾化过程中颗粒的尺寸大小及统计分布规律是影响粉末冶金和喷射沉积快速凝固材料组织和性能的关键因素。雾化气体的质量流率对金属颗粒的尺寸及分布有很大影响，本文根据热力学第一定律推导出雾化气体质量流率的表达式，气体质量流率主要受雾化器出口面积及气体膨胀比的影响，出口面积愈大，膨胀比愈小，气体质量流率愈大，当临界膨胀比（Ｐ２／Ｐ１）ｃ＝时，气体质量流率达到最大值。     

基于蒸汽压方程下的管道煤气流量在线计量系统

针对目前管道煤气计量中测量精度差或无法计量等问题，基于水的蒸汽压方程下，建立了工况下新的管道煤气流量计量模型和在线计量系统，应用表明，该在线计量系统不再要求建立管道煤气不同温度下所对应的水蒸汽饱和压力数据库，从而可以大大简化管道煤气流量计量软件，可快速准确地实现管道煤气流量实时在线计量。     

炼钢转炉煤气回收及其连锁控制方案技术应用

邯钢新区炼钢厂在煤气回收系统中采用静电除尘器的干式除尘法去除转炉煤气中的粉尘，利用激光气体分析仪检测烟气中CO和O2含量，并制定严谨的连锁控制条件，保证煤气安全高效地得到回收。本文介绍了炼钢转炉煤气回收的工艺流程以及系统详细的自动控制连锁方案，包括煤气的回收条件、放散条件、煤气柜的连锁条件等，有效的避免了安全事故的发生，最终使煤气得到充分回收。