用于农药残留快速检测的酶生物传感器研究进展

酶生物传感器以快速、操作简单、易于微型化等优势成为农药残留在线监测领域的研究热点。综述了近年来国内外农残速测酶生物传感器中所用酶的种类、酶固定化技术的发展与现状。探讨了影响酶生物传感器工业化进程的瓶颈,并展望了其发展趋势。     

磁敏生物传感器及其在生物检测中的应用

磁敏生物传感器是一种利用磁与电之间的关系对磁标记待测生物分子敏感,并将其磁信号转换为可用输出信号实现生物分子检测的新型传感器.对磁敏生物传感器及其在生物检测中的应用进行了综述,并对该领域的发展方向进行了展望.     

纳米生物传感器的研究进展

纳米生物传感器是纳米科技与生物传感器的融合,其研究涉及到生物技术、信息技术、纳米科学、界面科学等多个重要领域,并综合应用光声电色等各种先进检测技术,可能对临床检测、遗传分析、环境检测、生物反恐和国家安全防御等多个领域产生革命性的影响,因而成为国际上的研究前沿和热点。近年来,随着纳米科学与界面科学的蓬勃发展,纳米生物传感器引起了世人前所未有的极大关注,其开发迅猛,应用广阔。本文从纳米生物传感器的研究现状、应用和展望三方面对纳米生物传感器进行了综述,为了解纳米生物传感器的研究与应用提供帮助。     

本期摘要

纳米生物传感器的研究进展 作者张文毓 单位：中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所．河南洛阳471023 摘要纳米生物传感器是纳米科技与生物传感器的融合．其研究涉及到生物技术、信息技术、纳米科学、界面科学等多个重要领域．并综合应用光声电色等各种先进检测技术．可能对临床检测、遗传分析、环境检测、生物反恐和国家安全防御等多个领域产生革命性的影响．因而成为国际上的研究前沿和热点。近年来．随着纳米科学与界面科学的蓬勃发展．纳米生物传感器引起了世人前所未有的极大关注,开发迅猛．应用广阔。从纳米生物传感器的研究现状、应用和展望三方面对纳米生物传感器进行了综述,为了解纳米生物传感器的研究与应用提供帮助。     

碳纳米复合材料在电化学生物传感器中的研究进展

碳纳米材料以其优异的导电特性和机械性能及极佳的生物相容性在构建电化学生物传感器中备受关注,为电化学生物传感器的开发和研究开辟了一片广阔天地。将碳纳米材料与其它纳米材料复合,是一种拓展和增强其应用的有效方法。碳纳米材料在电化学生物传感器方面的应用主要是作为传感器界面的修饰材料、生物分子的固载基质以及信号标记物等。该文综述了碳纳米复合材料在电化学生物传感器中的应用,包括碳纳米管纳米复合物、石墨烯纳米复合物、富勒烯及碳量子点纳米复合物。并展望了未来基于碳纳米材料的电化学生物传感器的研究方向。     

Pb~(2+)生物传感器的研究综述

Pb是有毒致癌重金属,随着水中Pb污染日益严重,对环境和人体健康造成了极大的危害。为了有效地防止Pb污染,近年来发展了一些简单、快速、高效、低成本的Pb2+生物传感器,如比色传感器、荧光传感器、电化学传感器。主要综述了这3种Pb2+生物传感器的研究现状,指出其优缺点,并展望其发展方向。     

压电生物传感器研究进展①

压电生物传感器是一种新型的生物传感器，它将压电传感器的灵敏性和生物反应的特异性结合在一起。与传统的生化分析方法相比，压电生物传感器具有结构简单、不需要标记、检测时间短等特点。近年来，压电生物传感器在临床诊断、生物技术、食品卫生检验等领域得到了广泛的应用。本文对压电生物传感器的研究现状作了综述，讨论乐压电生物传感器在各个领域的应用，压电生物传感技术的关键问题，以及不同种类的压电生物传感器。     

基于MEMS的生物微传感技术

微电子机械系统(MEMS)技术为生物微传感器和生物芯片的研制以及实现小型化、便携式、低成本,高灵敏度的生化片上系统提供了有力的技术支持。综述了基于MEMS的生物微传感技术,介绍了生物微传感器和生物芯片的原理、结构、分类及应用,并探讨了其发展和应用前景。     

电化学适体传感器研究进展

核酸适体作为一种新型的分子识别元件,由于其相对于抗体的诸多优势,已被广泛地应用于生物传感、药物分析及临床诊断等方面。电化学适体传感器同时结合了核酸适体与电化学分析方法的优势,成为了近年来生物传感领域的一个非常令人关注的研究热点。该文主要根据传感器信号变化方式将电化学适体传感器分为signalon型和signal-off型,着重对近年来这两类传感器的新型传感设计方案进行分析和综述,并对未来电化学适体传感器的发展方向进行了展望。     

压电生物传感器及其信号放大技术

压电生物传感器是结合了压电效应的高灵敏性和生化反应的高特异性的一种生物传感器,在生物技术、临床诊断、环境监测、食品卫生等领域具有广泛的应用前景.该文介绍了压电生物传感器的基本原理、分类及应用领域,同时重点对基于电极表面修饰技术、纳米材料、酶催化等压电生物传感器的信号放大技术做了较为系统全面的综述.     

A simple and direct biomolecule detection scheme based on a microwave resonator

Although several successful biosensors exist, they often require complex fabrication sequence or time-consuming sensing processes such as an off-site verification of a sensing result. At the same time, the biosensors generally focus on high sensitivity. This paper reports a cost-competitive biosensor that is capable of simple and direct detection of biomolecules without any off-site verification. The biosensor is realized with a microwave passive with a simple structure, a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-to-slotline ring resonator (CSRR) that resonant frequency is 3.375 GHz. The CSRR biosensor was then modified for higher sensitivity by increasing the effective sensing area. Two kinds of the CSRR biosensor were realized using micromachining technology. After simple fabrication, the biosensors were electrically characterized by measuring the resonant frequency shift as the biotin and streptavidin attached on the CSRR biosensor. The biotin and streptavidin induce a resonant frequency decrease of 65 and 10 MHz for the original CSRR biosensor, and 79 and 18 MHz for the modified CSRR biosensor, respectively. Based on the measurement of the resonant frequency shift, the relative permittivity of the biomolecules was calculated by numerical simulation, and was found to be 9800 for biotin and 500 for streptavidin.     

细胞传感器表面处理技术的研究进展

近年来,随着硅微机械加工技术的发展,国际上兴起了对细胞及细胞阵列传感器的研究。由于要分析单个细胞以及细胞网络间的功能性信息,对表面处理提出了更高的要求。针对国际上细胞传感器表面处理的最新研究成果,分析了多种处理方法应用于细胞传感器的可行性及面临的问题,同时,介绍了我们的一些研究结果和该领域的进展。     

新型生物传感器在蛋白质组学研究中应用进展

微技术和毫微技术的进展,使新技术的广泛领域包括具有毫微大小的机械设计成为可能．这类设计的新型传感器及其分析是蛋白质组学研究中的重要分析仪器和分析方法之一。文章讨论了新型生物传感器的类型,各种不同类型的生物传感器及非传感器生物检测技术对蛋白质敏感的检出限度和分析时间。综述了新型生物传感器在蛋白质分析鉴定、蛋白质组学研究中的应用进展。     

DNA电化学生物传感器的原理与研究进展

DNA电化学生物传感器是近年迅速发展起来的一种全新的生物传感器.该类传感器具有电极制作简便、使用寿命长、重现性好、灵敏度高、成本低、易于实现微型化等诸多优点,在临床医学检验、遗传工程、药物作用机理、新药筛选、环境监测和食品工程等领域已得到广泛地研究与应用.该文简单介绍了DNA电化学生物传感器的基本原理,对其研究进展加以分类和简要评述,最后对其发展方向进行了展望.     

Hospital sensor network system and rehabilitation nursing of patients with urinary tract infection

Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections and present a severe medical burden. Urinary tract infections have become a common problem in infants, children, and adults. The traditional method used in urine culture test microscopy is to use these bacteriological test standards. However, these methods of urine sampling and analysis can be complicated and time-consuming. Based on urinary infection, standard culture diagnosis is 2–3 days, a delayed process. To solve the problem, biosensors it has become a powerful diagnostic platform for infectious diseases. How parallel blood glucose sensor is, it revolutionized the management of diabetes, and how has been done in the pregnancy test home now, the biosensor has significantly improved the diagnosis of urinary infection. The biosensor is very suitable for use as microfluidics Point-Of-Care (POC) application integration points if the drug is susceptible to pathogen identification and diagnostic biosensor test, the promise of technology, and the bench to treat the urinary tract infections, including the breakthrough biosensors.     

Fabrication of a surface stress-based PDMS micro-membrane biosensor

With the development of technology and society, biosensors are more and more important in the areas of healthcare. Specially, the design and fabrication of perfect biosensors play a crucial role in the whole process. In the paper, a surface stress-based polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro membrane biosensor array has been fabricated based on the surface and bulk microfabrication technology. The challenges in fabrication, such as integration of PDMS processing with conventional microfabrication processes, were successfully mastered to build the biosensor. In addition, the bonding technique, uncured PDMS as the intermediate layer for bonding the biosensor with microfluidic devices or components, has been developed to later construct the BioMEMS. Bond strength is close to that of bulk PDMS. Through the bio-experiments to Escherichia coli (E. coli), the cells can be detected based on the membrane deflection induced by surface stress.     

电化学生物传感器的研究进展

电化学生物传感器将生物活性识别材料与电化学检测器件有机结合起来,广泛应用于临床医学、药物和食品分析与环境监测等领域。与其他电化学传感器相比,电化学生物传感器具有特异性好、检测灵敏度高和制作简便等优点。文章重点介绍了电化学生物传感器的基本原理、分类、研究进展及其在生物医学领域中的应用,并对电化学生物传感器的发展前景进行展望。     

几种常见的纳米材料及其在生物传感器中的研究进展

该文对电化学生物传感器及纳米材料进行了简单的概述,并对几种常见的纳米材料近年来在电化学生物传感器中的应用研究进行了介绍,还对今后的工作进行了展望。     

Modeling the thermal stability of enzyme-based in vitro diagnostics biosensors

Performance of in vitro diagnostics biosensors may change over lifetime, particularly if environmental storage conditions such as temperature are not controlled. Biosensors are composed of diverse multiple components such as salts, polymers and biological components which may be differentially impacted by chemical and physical transformations induced by changes in temperature and exposure to humidity, oxygen and light. Mathematical models for predicting the influence of temperature on biosensor performance over time typically assume the changes follow first-order dynamics, with the temperature dependence of the rate of change described by an Arrhenius kinetic expression. However, the compositional diversity found in many biosensors may cause the assumption of first-order dynamics for sensor stability to be invalid. In this paper, a second-order dynamic model is developed to predict the change in biosensor performance over time for a single-use biosensor used in a point-of-care diagnostics system. The model consists of a reversible reaction followed by an irreversible reaction, with rate coefficients having Arrhenius temperature dependencies. The second-order dynamic model provides improved predictions, based on a comparison for two experimental datasets used for estimation, and on a validation dataset. The resulting model has applications for shelf-life prediction, designing accelerated testing experiments, biosensor improvement and the development of biosensor storage guidelines. Finally, it is shown that the concept of “mean kinetic temperature”, used widely in the pharmaceutical industry and based on first-order dynamics, can be applied successfully to a biosensor system exhibiting higher-order dynamic behaviour using a second-order model. This suggests that mean kinetic temperature concepts may be extended to in vitro diagnostics sensor applications.