无轨开采下采场结构参数及稳定性数值模拟

云南某矿山矿体赋存条件复杂，矿岩破碎、松软，加之后期转型采用无轨设备开采，导致采场巷道断面增大，原有的采矿工艺和采场参数已不再适用。为保证开采过程的安全，找出适合矿山生产的合理采场结构参数，研究采用3D-σ有限元模拟软件建立采场三维模型，设计不同跨度直接顶板的留点柱、留连续矿柱采场结构形式，对不同采场结构形式下矿岩的应力、安全率、塑性区进行模拟分析。结果表明：采用留点柱的采场形式时，采场内点柱尺寸不应小于2 m,矿房跨度控制在4 m为宜；采用留连续矿柱的采场形式时，采场结构参数建议留4 m宽连续矿柱，矿房跨度为5 m,采用C20混凝土进行进路式充填回采。结合采场模拟分析及矿山实际生产现状，建议采用留连续矿柱的开采方案。后续现场试验证明，该方案不仅能够保证采场结构的稳定性，达到矿山安全开采的目的，而且能有效降低矿石的损失贫化，提高矿山的经济效益。     

千家坪钒矿采矿方法优化研究

为解决千家坪钒矿在不稳固矿岩条件下高效开采的问题,结合矿体开采技术条件及矿山生产现状,综合考虑顶底柱厚度、间柱宽度、阶段高度及矿块长度等因素,利用FLAC3D数值模拟和层次分析得出适用于该矿的采场结构参数。结果表明:当间柱宽10m、顶底柱厚6m、阶段高50m以及矿块长50m时,采场稳定性最好。     

三山岛金矿软破介质下残柱开采的稳定性分析

为确保三山岛金矿顶底残柱安全高效回采, 采用理论力学与数值模拟对散体下顶底残柱开采过程进行了稳定性分析。建立了理论力学模型, 应用修正普氏拱理论计算了进路顶部荷载, 采用数学力学解析法对不同规格的进路在开挖过程中的承载层进行了内力分析, 得出了进路开采半宽和承载层厚度之间的拟合函数, 进而得出了不同跨度进路顶板需预留原岩的最小安全厚度。应用ABAQUS软件对不同规格进路的开挖过程进行了塑性变形和顶板应力分析, 得出了进路的合适采高及预留原岩的安全厚度, 以及不同跨度的进路顶板冒落规模, 从而得到采场进路宽和高分别为1.5 m和1.6 m。将理论力学分析和数值模拟分析的结果应用于三山岛金矿残柱的开采中, 并对采场沿脉巷道进行位移监测, 能确保试验采场安全生产。     

某金矿充填体下顶底残柱开采技术实践

为确保矿山充填体下顶底残柱的安全高效回采,根据顶底残柱赋存特征及开采技术条件,提出一种U型钢支架小进路充填采矿法,对采场结构参数、采切工程、回采工艺、采场支护、充填及工作组织等进行了详细介绍。现场工业试验表明,该方法能够安全、经济、高效地回采充填体下顶底残柱矿体,采矿成本为60. 56元/t,矿石损失率为5. 3%,贫化率为4. 8%,具有较好的技术经济指标,可为类似赋存条件下的顶底残柱开采提供借鉴。     

缓倾斜薄矿体采场顶板跨度及矿柱尺寸计算

采用房柱法开采缓倾斜薄矿体时,合理的顶板跨度和矿柱尺寸对矿山安全和持续生产至关重要。以大新锰矿为工程背景,分别采用经验公式、板理论及梁理论等对采场顶板跨度进行了计算与分析,推荐采场顶板跨度为8 m。在此基础上借助矿柱荷载理论,兼顾矿柱的几何形状、流变效应、尺寸及爆破破坏等影响因素,对矿柱进行了设计。结果表明:本研究推荐的采场顶板跨度和矿柱计算方法简便、可行,适用于缓倾斜层状薄矿体房柱法开采设计。     

顶底柱破碎残矿体开采安全技术

随着新城金矿的大量开采,矿体顶底柱残矿量持续增加,已占全矿储量的8%,且矿石品位较高,为有效回收利用顶底柱残矿资源,分析了该矿的地质情况,通过矿山岩石力学试验、现场地压测试,选择采场进路宽度4~6 m、进路长度30 m进行开采。     

连续全面回采对采场稳定性的影响

针对全面采矿法,进行连续回采,对其采场稳定性进行分析。以云南某铜矿为例,采用数值模拟手段,分析采场中的应力、位移、塑性区。得出:随着开采的推进,最大主应力和最小主应力并不是出现在采场深部,而是出现在顶底柱上,出现应力集中现象,采场中最小主应力的最小值由2.53 MPa增加至5.71 MPa,增幅为125.7%,最大主应力的最小值由6.88 MPa增加至20.11 MPa,增幅达192.3%,应力过大易造成失稳破坏;各点位移均呈增大趋势,3个顶底柱上均出现位移突然增大的现象,中部顶底柱上的最大下沉量达到47.87 mm;顶底柱上表现为剪切破坏,围岩塑性区影响范围增大,表现为剪切、拉剪、拉破坏共存的状态。应适当增大顶底柱尺寸,或者减小采场尺寸,以保证采场安全。     

基于Mathews稳定图法的采场进路安全跨度分析

山金白音呼布矿区井下开采已经进入深部,岩体复杂的应力环境和地质环境对采场围岩稳定状态带来严峻考验,井下围岩稳定性和采场跨度的确定严重影响矿山的安全生产。基于前期岩体质量分级研究结果,采用Mathews稳定图法对不同级别围岩进行采场安全跨度的研究,得到了[BQ]分级法、RMR法和Q系统法所对应的各级围岩的最大安全跨度。根据理论计算跨度,对矿区300 m中段采场进路进行数值模拟分析,模拟结果证实了理论计算的可靠性。结合岩体质量分级的图表法确定的采场安全跨度在矿山开采中得到了成功应用,该方法对复杂围岩环境中采场参数的设计具有可行性。     

Mathew法在谦比希铜矿东南矿体采场稳定性分析中的应用

在深井开采中,采场结构参数的选择对矿山的安全、高效和经济开采具有重要的意义。以谦比希铜矿东南矿体北采区为研究对象,根据该铜矿的开采技术条件,采用Mathew方法计算稳定性指数N和形状因子S,确定该铜矿的采场结构参数。研究表明,矿体沿走向布置时,顶板跨度需要限制在7.14 m左右,若需要加大跨度,则需要在中间预留少量点柱或对顶板进行支护,该研究成果可为矿山采场结构参数选择提供重要的参考依据。     

某矿采场稳定性分析及结构参数优化

某矿为薄层状矿体,矿体之间存在以泥质粉砂岩为主的软弱夹层,采场稳定性较差,不利于矿山安全生产。课题组应用3D-σ软件对矿区采场建立三维模型,对2种开采方案、3种采场结构参数进行数值模拟,计算和分析采场回采过程中矿岩体的应力、位移、塑性区及安全率的分布状况,判断采场的稳定性。数值模拟计算结果表明：采场和中段之间均留2 m的连续间柱和顶柱是非常有必要的,抑制顶板变形破坏有明显的作用,但是仍然无法控制采场顶板的破坏;在采场内留2 m×2 m点柱的条件下,点柱间的矿块跨度控制在6 m以内能保证顶板的稳定。通过安全率回归方程计算得出：在满足安全率大于1.15时,点柱间矿块的合理跨度应小于6.027 m。同时为提高采场矿石的回采率,综合考虑最终确定点柱间的矿块跨度为6 m,能达到安全与经济的有效平衡,研究成果为该矿山的安全生产提供理论性指导意义。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

2014 second batch of rare earth quota released

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矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片ANSYS模态分析及应用

高效节能矿用防爆对旋主要通风机的叶片是主要通风机运行的关键部件,叶片在运行时不断受到气流的作用力,从而使叶片产生振动,当叶片振动的频率与叶片的固有频率接近时,容易产生共振从而导致叶片的断裂。一旦叶片断裂时,对主要通风机的安全运行产生致命的影响,从而导致矿山、化工等企业发生重大事故,将会产生不可估量的损失。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,对高效节能矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片进行模态分析及产生对应的六阶模态频率,对主要通风机叶片的运行频率、固有频率及产生的共振问题进行了原理分析,并且解决了叶片频率共振的问题,从而为主要通风机叶片结构设计提供理论依据,并对主要通风机叶片的安全运行提供保障。     

2013 NdFeB export analysis

<正>China totally exported nearly 24,000 tonsof NdFeB products during 201 3,including 18,825 tons of permanent magnet,valued USD 1.34 billion at an average price of 71.4 USD/kg;3,277 tons of NdFeB magnetic powder,valued USD 1 01 million at an average price of 30.9 USD/kg;1,334 tons of strip casting ribbon,with total export value of USD 74million at an average price of 55.3 USD/kg;and 586