Quantitation of Sulfacetamide, Sulfadiazine, Sulfamerazine and Sulfame Thazine in Various Cominations Dsing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

A reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the quantitation of sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine in various combinations has been developed. The method is simple, accurate, precise and reproducible. The percent relative standard deviations based on 6 injections were 2.1, 0.6, 1.9, and 1.6 for sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine, respectively. The ratio of peak heights (drug/internal standard) wer closely related (r value 0.99 or better) to concentrations (± 20% of the standard solution concentrations). The results of synthetic mixtures showed quantitative recovery and method was successfully applied to commercial dosage forms (tablets and suspension). Extraction of sulfa drugs from the dosage forms required a very simple procedure.     

Quantitation of Sulfacetamide,Sulfadiazine, Sulfamerazine and Sulfame Thazine in Various Cominations Dsing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

A reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for the quantitation of sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine in various combinations has been developed. The method is simple, accurate, precise and reproducible. The percent relative standard deviations based on 6 injections were 2.1, 0.6, 1.9, and 1.6 for sulfacetamide, sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine, respectively. The ratio of peak heights (drug/internal standard) wer closely related (r value 0.99 or better) to concentrations (± 20% of the standard solution concentrations). The results of synthetic mixtures showed quantitative recovery and method was successfully applied to commercial dosage forms (tablets and suspension). Extraction of sulfa drugs from the dosage forms required a very simple procedure.     

Stability-Indicating HPLC Method for Betaxolol HCl and Its Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

Abstract

The present work describes a specific, stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic method for determination of betaxolol HCl and its pharmaceutical dosage forms. Betaxolol HCl was chromatographed on a microbondapak C18 column utilizing a simple mixture of methanol: acetonitrile:0.1% diethylamine (pH 3.0 adjusted using orthophosphoric acid). It was detected at 222 nm. The method is accurate and precise with a percent relative standard deviation of 0.11 based on 6 readings. A number of inactive ingredients present in the dosage forms (eye drop, tablet, gel) did not interfere in the assay procedure. The recovery from synthetic mixtures was quantitative. The extraction procedure from the dosage forms is very simple. The drug appears to be very sensitive to acids (such as sulfuric acid) since 100% of the drug decomposed on boiling for 5 min.     

Stability Indicating Hplc Method for Ribavirin and its Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms

The present work describes a specific, stability indicating HPLC method for determination of Ribavirin (1) and its pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Ribavirin was chromatographed on a microbondapak C18 column utilizing a simple mixture of 0.01M dibasic potassium phosphate and methanol (95: 5). The detection was done at 207 nm.

The available literature was scanned to locate the various methods(2,3) available along with the one reported in USP XXII.

A comparative study was made of the proposed method and USP method and the advantages over the USP method have been discussed.

The low value of Relative standard deviation and recovery of the drug in the range of 99.1% to 101.5% indicates a good precision and non-interference of the method.     

Rapid, noninvasive quantitative determination of acyclovir in pharmaceutical solid dosage forms through their poly(vinyl chloride) blister package by solid-state Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy

Fourier transform (FT) Raman spectroscopy based on band intensity or band area measurements was used for the quantitative determination of acyclovir in pharmaceutical solid dosage forms through their poly(vinyl chloride) blister package. Univariate calibration using the bands observed at 1690, 1630, 1574, 1482, 1181, 578, and 508 cm(-1) was found to be sufficient for the analysis. Calibration curves were linear, the correlation coefficients being 0.997-0.9993 and 0.996-0.9991 for band intensity and band area measurements, respectively. Results obtained compare well, as indicated by the t-test, with those obtained by the current United States Pharmacopoeia (USP 24) and National Formulary (NF 19) method. Precision ranged from 0.7-4.5 and 0.4-4.0% RSD (n = 3) for band intensity and band area measurements, respectively. The developed nondestructive FT-Raman method is rapid, simple, and can be used for the on-line, real-time monitoring of acyclovir formulation production lines.     

Determination of free calcium and calcium-containing species in human plasma by capillary electrophoresis-inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry

A new method for the determination of free calcium concentration in human plasma was developed by online coupling capillary electrophoresis (CE) with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Baseline separation of calcium-containing species was achieved by CE-ICP-OES in a 120-cm-long capillary with 100-microm internal diameter, at 20 kV applied voltage, with a 30 mmol/L Tris-HCl buffer at pH 7.4. A total of eight calcium-containing species were found in human plasma; the concentration of free calcium ion was found to be 41.9 mg/L. The concentrations of calcium for other seven calcium species, estimated from the calibration against Ca(2+) standard, were 3.14-15.6 mg/L. The precision (RSD, n = 10) ranged from 1.2 to 2.7% for the migration time and 2.8 to 3.9% for the peak area. The developed method was also applied to analyze plasma samples with recovery ranged from 94.5 to 102% for samples spiked with 40 mg/L free Ca(2+) ion.     

Validation of Liquid Chromatographic Method of Assay for Acetaminophen, Butalbital and Caffeine in Solid Dosage Forms

The validation of a liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine in solid dosage forms is described. The dosage content of tablets or capsules is diluted and chromatographed on a Radialpak Cyanopropylsilane Cartridge with a mobile phase of water-acetonitrile-1M dibutylamine phosphate (90+9+1, V/V) with detection at 215 nm. The calibration curve is linear with correlation coefficients of 0.999 for each component. Recoveries of spiked excipient blend averaged 99.5% for acetaminophen, 102.5% for butalbital and 101.0% for caffeine. The method met USP requirements for system suitability with proper resolution between two adjacent peaks. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of peak response of each component (obtained by chromatographing six replicates of standard solution) is less than 2.0% and the tailing factor of each component is not greater than 1.5. The method can be used for composite, content uniformity and dissolution assay of acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine in tablet and capsule formulations.     

Validation of Liquid Chromatographic Method of Assay for Acetaminophen,Butalbital and Caffeine in Solid Dosage Forms

Abstract

The validation of a liquid chromatographic procedure for the determination of acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine in solid dosage forms is described. The dosage content of tablets or capsules is diluted and chromatographed on a Radialpak Cyanopropylsilane Cartridge with a mobile phase of water-acetonitrile-1M dibutylamine phosphate (90+9+1, V/V) with detection at 215 nm. The calibration curve is linear with correlation coefficients of 0.999 for each component. Recoveries of spiked excipient blend averaged 99.5% for acetaminophen, 102.5% for butalbital and 101.0% for caffeine. The method met USP requirements for system suitability with proper resolution between two adjacent peaks. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of peak response of each component (obtained by chromatographing six replicates of standard solution) is less than 2.0% and the tailing factor of each component is not greater than 1.5. The method can be used for composite, content uniformity and dissolution assay of acetaminophen, butalbital and caffeine in tablet and capsule formulations.     

康欣口服液中大黄素的HPLC分析

建立反相高效液相色谱法测定康欣口服液中大黄素的含量。方法:取药液50 mL,加盐酸水解,用氯仿提取总大黄素,以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;甲醇一水为流动相,作梯度洗脱,10min内甲醇浓度自100% 降为53%(v/v),检测波长为290nm。结果:大黄素在3.6μg/mL-19.0μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9997; 样品平均加样回收率为99.32%(n=5),RSD为1.62%;重现性试验RSD为1.83%(n=5)。结论:本法专属性强、无干扰,具有分析快速、准确、操作简便的特点,可作为康欣口服液含量测定的质量控制方法。     

Formulation development and in-vitro/in-vivo correlation for a novel sterculia gum-based oral colon-targeted drug delivery system of azathioprine

The present study was aimed at designing a microflora triggered colon-targeted drug delivery system (MCDDS) based on swellable polysaccharide, sterculia gum in combination with biodegradable polymers with a view to target azathioprine (AZA) in the colon for the treatment of IBD with reduced systemic toxicity. The microflora degradation study of gum was investigated in rat cecal medium. The polysaccharide tablet was coated to different film thicknesses with blends of chitosan/Eudragit RLPO and over coated with Eudragit L00 to provide acid and intestinal resistance. Swelling and drug release studies were carried out in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) (pH 1.2), simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) (pH 6.8) and simulated colonic fluid (SCF) (pH 7.4 under anaerobic environment), respectively. Drug release study in SCF revealed that swelling force of the gum could concurrently drive the drug out of the polysaccharide core due to the rupture of the chitosan/Eudragit coating in microflora-activated environment. Chitosan in the mixed film coat was found to be degraded by enzymatic action of the microflora in the colon. Release kinetic data revealed that, the optimized MCDDS was fitted well into first order model and apparent lag time was found to be 6?h, followed by Higuchi spherical matrix release. The degradation of chitosan was the rate-limiting factor for drug release in the colon. In-vivo study in rabbit shows delayed T_max, prolonged absorption time, decreased C_max and absorption rate constant (K_a) indicating reduced systemic toxicity of the drug as compared to other dosage forms.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定孕多维胶囊中钙、铁和锌的含量

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定孕多维胶囊中钙,铁和锌的含量。结果表明,钙在8～16μg·mL~(-1)浓度范围,锌在0.5～3.5μg·ml~(-1)浓度范围,铁在3～11μg·mL~(-1)浓度范围内呈线性。钙,铁和锌的平均回收率分别为99.3％(RSD=0.93％),102.2％(RSD=0.57％)和100.6％(RSD=1.18％)。该方法快速、灵敏、准确,样品处理简便易行,可用于药品的质量控制。     

蜂蜜中8种有机磷农药残留量的气相色谱法测定

本文建立了气相色谱法测定蜂蜜中8种有机磷农药(敌敌畏、久效磷、乐果、甲基嘧啶磷、毒死蜱、杀螟硫磷、对硫磷、喹硫磷)残留量的检测方法。蜂蜜样品用乙酸乙酯提取后气相色谱-火焰光度检测器(GC-FPD)测定。8种有机磷农药在(10.0~100.0)g/L范围内,质量浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系(r>0.9993);3个不同加标水平的方法回收率为85%~110%。本方法准确、重现性、精密度好,已成功地应用于福建当地主要蜂蜜中有机磷农药残留的测定。     

Development and Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Analysis of Propylthiouracil in Pharmaceuticals

A simple, rapid, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the assay of propylthiouracil (PTU). The method was used to quantify PTU in topical formulations and in tablets. Excellent linearity was observed between PTU concentration and the peak area (R² = 0.999). The limit of detection was 1 ng, and the limit of quantitation was 1.2 ng. The method proved to be selective. Selectivity was validated by subjecting a stock solution of PTU to acidic, basic, and oxidative degradations. The peaks of the degradation products did not interfere with the peak of PTU. Excipients present in the dosage forms did not interfere with the analysis, and the recovery of PTU from each dosage form was quantitative.     

基于纳米碳点的肿瘤血管抑制剂DX1002特异性定量方法构建

针对肿瘤血管抑制剂DX1002的含量测定,构建一种基于新型纳米碳点材料(CDs)的特异性荧光定量方法。以柠檬酸和尿素为原料,热解法制得碳点(CACCDs),经TEM、IR、UV/Vis、Flu等方法对其进行结构表征。内滤光效应下碳点荧光可被DX1002特异性定量猝灭,CACCDs浓度为250μg/mL时,于λex/λem=400/530处测定猝灭前后的荧光差值(ΔF)。结果表明,DX1002浓度在2.5~75μg/mL范围内与ΔF具良好线性关系(r²=0.9988),检出限为1.16μg/mL,平均加标回收率为101.7%(RSD=2.08%),常见细胞阳离子、微量金属离子、糖类、氨基酸等潜在共存物质及有关物质对测定无干扰,DX1002含量测定的结果(101.3%±1.33%)与HPLC法测定结果(99.4%±1.19%)基本吻合(P>0.05),但较HPLC分析时间快约75倍。该方法快速、灵敏、特异性强,可为建立DX1002高通量特异性体内分析方法提供体外定量的依据。     

Development and Validation of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for the Analysis of Propylthiouracil in Pharmaceuticals

A simple, rapid, and stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the assay of propylthiouracil (PTU). The method was used to quantify PTU in topical formulations and in tablets. Excellent linearity was observed between PTU concentration and the peak area (R² = 0.999). The limit of detection was 1 ng, and the limit of quantitation was 1.2 ng. The method proved to be selective. Selectivity was validated by subjecting a stock solution of PTU to acidic, basic, and oxidative degradations. The peaks of the degradation products did not interfere with the peak of PTU. Excipients present in the dosage forms did not interfere with the analysis, and the recovery of PTU from each dosage form was quantitative.     

Chip-based solid-phase extraction pretreatment for direct electrospray mass spectrometry analysis using an array of monolithic columns in a polymeric substrate

An array of eight porous monolithic columns, prepared in a Zeonor polymeric chip by UV-initiated polymerization of butyl methacrylate and ethylene dimethacrylate, was tested for solid-phase extraction (SPE) cleanup of biological samples prior to directly coupled electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The chip, fabricated by hot embossing and thermal bonding, consists of eight parallel channels (10 mm long, 360 microm i.d.) connected via external fused-silica capillaries. The monomer mixture was aspirated simultaneously into the eight channels using a homemade vacuum manifold device and polymerized in parallel for 20 min under UV irradiation. The porous monolithic columns were then characterized by scanning electron microscopy and evaluated by ESI-MS applications with respect to sample capacity, recovery, reproducibility of peak area or peak height ratios, and linearity between peak height ratio and concentration using imipramine as a pharmaceutical test compound. The average sample capacity was estimated to be 0.30 microg with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 26.5% for the eight monolithic columns on the same polymeric chip. For two chips prepared using the same monomer mixture, the difference in average sample capacity was 7.0%. The average recovery for the eight monolithic SPE columns on the same chip was 79.1% with an RSD of 7.9%. Using imipramine-d3 as an internal standard, the RSD of peak height ratios for the eight different columns was 2.0% for a standard solution containing 1 microg/mL imipramine. A linear calibration curve (R2 = 0.9995) was obtained for standard aqueous solutions of imipramine in the range from 0.025 to 10 microg/mL. To demonstrate the analytical potential of the chip-based SPE system, two different types of real-world samples including human urine sample and P450 drug metabolism incubation mixture were tested. Similar to standard aqueous solution, a linear correlation (R2 = 0.9995) was also found for human urine sample spiked with imipramine in the range of 0.025-10 microg/ mL. When aliquots of a human urine sample spiked with 1 microg/mL imipramine were loaded onto eight different monolithic columns, the RSD of peak height ratios was 3.8%. For a P450-imipramine incubation mixture, the formation of the N-demethylated metabolite (m/z 267.2) and the monohydroxylated metabolite (m/z 297.2) of imipramine was observed following chip-based monolithic SPE sample cleanup and preconcentration.     

护肝宁片中有效成分含量测定方法探讨

目的:建立高效液相色谱测定护肝宁片中丹篸素钠及原儿茶醛的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法色谱柱:依利特,BDS(5μm,4.6mm×250mm);流动相:甲醇-乙腈-2‰磷酸(3:3:94);流速:1.0ml/min;检测波长:280nm;柱温:30℃。结果:加样回收率考察,丹参素钠平均回收率为99.6%,RSD=0.88%;原儿茶醛为98.3%,RSD=1.40%,(n=6)。结论:本方法准确可靠,可作为护肝宁片的含量测定方法。     

茶叶中2,4-D残留量的检测

为了解决出口茶叶中2,4-D的残留检测的难题,研究了茶叶中2,4-D的残留检测的方法。样品采用酸性乙腈提取,用三氟化硼甲醇溶液将2,4-D衍生成2,4-D甲酯,经过液-液萃取,用弗罗里硅土柱层析净化除去干扰物质,以气相色谱电子捕获检测器测定,依据色谱峰保留时间定性,外标法峰面积定量。该方法在0.01-0.5mg/kg范围内呈线性,平均回收率为80.1%～93.0%,相对标准偏差为1.4%～4.3%.     

高效液相色谱法测定茶皂苷的含量及其血药浓度

目的:建立了高效液相色谱法对茶皂苷含量及其血药浓度的测定.方法:色谱柱为Hypersil ODS(25mm,4.6*250mm),流动相为甲醇-水(90:10),流速为0.5ml/min,检测波长为215nm.结果:茶皂苷在0.16～1.28mg/mL的浓度范围内,茶皂苷的浓度与主峰面积具有良好的线性关系,回归方程:y...     

Improvement of measurement precision of SPME-GC/MS determination of tributyltin using isotope dilution calibration

A unique approach was developed to improve the precision of quantification of tributyltin (TBT) in sedimentsby solid phase microextraction (SPME) using isotope dilution GC/MS. The precision of the analytical technique was initially evaluated using standard calibration solutions. In selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode, the relative standard deviation (RSD) obtained for TBT based on peak area response was 18% (n = 11). When an internal standard, tripropyltin (TPrT), was used, the RSD decreased to 12%. A significant improvement in the precision using SPME was noted when a 117Sn-enriched TBT spike was employed; the RSD decreased 4-fold to 3%. Detection limits of 0.2 and 20 ng(Sn) L(-1) were achieved with SPME sampling and liquid-liquid extraction, respectively. Six analyses were performed for determination of TBT in PACS-2 sediment Certified Reference Material using both standard additions and isotope dilution procedures. For the latter, a 117Sn-enriched TBT spike was used. A concentration of 0.88 +/- 0.03 microg g(-1) (RSD 3.4%) obtained using standard additions was in good agreement with the certified value of 0.98 +/- 0.13 microg g(-1) as tin. Concentrations found using isotope dilution were 0.895 +/- 0.015 microg g(-1) (RSD 1.73%) as tin and 0.874 +/- 0.014 microg g(-1) (RSD 1.66%) as tin using a liquid-liquid extraction and SPME sampling, respectively. A 2-fold improvement in the precision of TBT concentration measurement using isotope dilution was clearly achieved, demonstrating its superiority in providing more accurate and precise results as compared to the method of standard additions. The isotope dilution technique eliminated the problem of poor reproducibility, which typically plagues SPME.