萃取精馏分离苯-异丙醇共沸体系的模拟

通过COSMO-RS软件计算,选择离子液体1-己基-3-甲基咪唑醋酸盐([HMIM]Ac)作为萃取精馏分离苯-异丙醇的共沸物合适的萃取剂。采用Aspen Plus流程模拟软件模拟苯-异丙醇共沸体系的连续萃取精馏过程。对两塔连续萃取精馏工艺过程,使用灵敏度分析工具优化,得出当回流比为1. 4、溶剂比为0. 365时,产品苯的纯度为99. 99%,异丙醇的纯度为99. 99%。此结果可为苯-异丙醇共沸体系的萃取精馏过程工艺设计提供理论基础。     

萃取精馏分离丙酮-四氢呋喃的研究

为了分离丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸混合物,研究了萃取精馏在丙酮-四氢呋喃物系中的应用。通过溶剂选择原理初选出乙苯作为萃取精馏分离此共沸物系的溶剂,同时采用NRTL模型对常压下丙酮-四氢呋喃物系和加入溶剂乙苯后的汽液平衡进行模拟和实验验证,模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好。然后进行了间歇萃取精馏分离此共沸物的实验研究来进一步考察所选萃取剂的效果。结果表明:乙苯能够消除丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸物系的共沸点,采用有40块理论板的填料塔,回流比为5,溶剂摩尔比为2.5∶1时塔顶可以得到质量分数为99.34%的丙酮产品,说明采用乙苯作萃取剂分离丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸物是可行的。最后又对连续和间歇萃取精馏分离丙酮-四氢呋喃共沸物的流程进行了模拟,得到的工艺参数将为进一步的工业应用提供了理论依据。     

乙醇-苯共沸混合物的间歇萃取精馏分离方法

正本发明公开了一种乙醇-苯共沸混合物的间歇萃取精馏分离方法。属于乙醇-苯共沸混合物的分离技术。该方法以含有两个以上卤素取代基的卤代烃或芳香烃类,如1,2-二氯丙烷、1,2,3-三氯丙烷、邻二氯苯和1,2,3-三氯苯等为萃取剂,萃取精馏塔操作条件,萃取剂和该塔顶馏出物的质量比为0.5:1-10:1,控制萃取精馏塔顶不同温度和不同回流     

基于剩余曲线分析和变压精馏分离氯仿-乙腈-乙醇三元体系

利用剩余曲线初步分析氯仿、乙腈和乙醇三元混合物的分离过程。在分离过程中,选择氯仿作为初步分离的共沸剂,根据剩余曲线分析计算得到额外加入氯仿与原料液的最佳质量比为0.64,在此条件下混合物的初步分离过程中,塔顶产物为氯仿-乙醇共沸物,塔底产物为乙腈。再利用变压精馏分离氯仿和乙醇共沸物,高压塔和低压塔压强分别为600 kPa和101.325 k Pa。最后利用Aspen Plus对工艺进行模拟和优化,得到最佳操作条件。结果表明,氯仿、乙腈和乙醇的质量含量均大于99%,符合设计要求。     

以苯胺为溶剂间歇萃取精馏分离甲醇-乙腈

提出和研究了以苯胺作为溶剂的甲醇-乙腈间歇萃取精馏分离工艺。根据溶剂极性相似相溶原理,结合ChemCAD软件模拟汽液平衡和汽液平衡实验确定苯胺为合适的溶剂。结果表明,不仅苯胺能够消除甲醇-乙腈物系的共沸现象,效果优于N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）,而且可以采用Wilson模型对苯胺作为溶剂的甲醇-乙腈共沸物系汽液平衡进行模拟。通过实验考察了间歇萃取精馏的分离效果。采用有33块理论板的填料塔进行间歇萃取精馏甲醇-乙腈共沸混合物分离实验,其中净化回收段填料层3块理论板,萃取精馏段填料层30块理论板,回流比为4,苯胺作为溶剂,溶剂质量比为2.5∶1时,在塔顶得到产品甲醇质量分数为98.97%,高于DMF作为溶剂时的95.76%;表明苯胺更加适合作为萃取精馏分离甲醇-乙腈共沸物系的溶剂。     

间歇萃取精馏分离环己烷-正丙醇的研究

首次研究了间歇萃取精馏方法分离环己烷-正丙醇二元共沸物。通过溶剂选择原理选出DMF作为分离此共沸物系的溶剂,采用UNIFAC模型对常压下环己烷-正丙醇物系和加入溶剂DMF后的物系进行气液平衡模拟,并进行了实验验证,其中模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好。通过间歇萃取精馏分离此共沸物的实验研究来进一步考察所选萃取剂的效果。结果表明,DMF能够消除环己烷-正丙醇共沸物系的共沸点,采用有30块理论板的填料塔,萃取剂进料位置为第4块板,溶剂质量比为1∶1,回流比为3∶1时,塔顶环己烷产品质量分数为96.2%,回收率为72.2%。     

间歇共沸精馏分离乙醇一水体系的改进研究

间歇共沸精馏是分离共沸物的一种方法,适用于化工、制药、溶剂回收、天然产物提取等产量小、品种多的行业,因此间歇共沸精馏近年来已成为非常活跃的研究和开发热点.对已有的常规间歇共沸精馏的操作方式作了改进,即共沸剂改为在塔釜回流,以正己烷为共沸剂,对分离乙醇-水共沸体系进行了改进研究,并与常规间歇共沸精馏的实验结果进行比较.结...     

四氢呋喃-乙醇变压精馏分离

共沸混合物分离是化工过程中常见的分离难题。变压精馏是根据物系压力改变而使液体混合物共沸点组成发生变化,进而使共沸物系得以分离的一种有效分离方法。在热力学分析基础上,提出了四氢呋喃-乙醇液体混合物变压精馏分离双塔工艺流程。以NRTL-RK为物性计算方法,利用Aspen Plus模拟软件对变压精馏分离工艺过程进行分析及模拟,并对工艺参数进行优化。研究结果表明:在常压塔和0.8 MPa高压塔组成的双塔流程中变压精馏可将四氢呋喃-乙醇最低共沸混合物进行较好的分离。     

萃取精馏分离乙腈-正丙醇的研究

采用萃取精馏的方法分离乙腈-正丙醇的共沸物系。首先利用溶剂选择原理和UNIFAC基团贡献法选出N-甲基吡咯烷酮作为萃取精馏的萃取剂,同时采用NRTL模型对常压下乙腈-正丙醇物系和加入萃取剂N-甲基吡咯烷酮后的汽液平衡进行模拟和实验验证,模拟结果与实验数据吻合较好。然后通过间歇萃取精馏实验进一步考察所选萃取剂的分离效果。结果表明,N-甲基吡咯烷酮能够打破共沸,有效分离乙腈-正丙醇共沸物系。采用有28块理论板的填料塔,萃取剂进料位置为第4块板,溶剂比为1.0,回流比为3,可以从塔顶得到质量分数为98.6%的乙腈产品。最后,用Aspen Plus软件对乙腈-正丙醇物系的连续萃取精馏流程进行了模拟,得出的参数为进一步的工业应用奠定基础。     

具有最低共沸点难分离物系变压精馏分离

变压精馏是根据物系压力改变引起液体混合物共沸点组成变化,进而使共沸物系得以分离的一种有效分离方法。具有最低共沸点的液体混合物分离是化工过程中常见的分离难题。本文在热力学分析基础上研究了四氢呋喃与乙醇、环己烷与苯混合物这类典型的最低共沸液体混合物的变压精馏可行性,提出变压精馏分离四氢呋喃-乙醇液体混合物工艺流程,以NRTL-RK为物性计算方法,利用Aspen Plus模拟软件对变压精馏分离工艺过程进行分析及模拟,并对工艺参数进行优化。结果表明:在常压塔和8atm高压塔组成的双塔流程中变压精馏能将四氢呋喃-乙醇最低共沸混合物进行较好的分离,指出本文提出的研究方法可为具有最低共沸点液体混合物分离工艺的建立提供更加有效的指导。     

间歇共沸精馏分离乙二醇单甲醚-水物系

通过绘制乙二醇单甲醚-水-共沸剂的简捷剩余曲线,提出了以乙酸异丙酯作为间歇共沸精馏法分离乙二醇单甲醚-水物系的共沸剂。然后完成剩余曲线数据的测定实验,根据实验数据绘制乙二醇单甲醚-水-乙酸异丙酯三元物系的剩余曲线图,确定了乙二醇单甲醚-水共沸物系的分离工艺。并通过实验研究了共沸剂加入量对乙二醇单甲醚回收率的影响,从而确定了适宜的共沸剂配比：当共沸剂与原料中水的质量比为2～2.5时,乙二醇单甲醚的一次性收率在90%以上。     

Synthesis,experiments and simulation of heterogeneous batch distillation processes

The presence of azeotropes in multicomponent mixtures complicates the design of batch distillation separation processes widely used in pharmaceutical and speciality chemical industries. Most of those processes include the use of a homogeneous entrainer to ease the separation. We describe novel methods to break azeotropes using an entrainer that is partially miscible with one of the initial binary mixture components. We depict some of the advantages of heterogeneous batch distillation processes: more design alternatives for the separation of an azeotropic binary mixture than with homogeneous batch distillation, batch distillation boundary crossing thanks to a controlled reflux of the entrainer-rich phase, simplified distillation sequences as a consequence of less distillation tasks. Three examples based on the separation of non-ideal azeotropic or close boiling point binary mixtures through heterogeneous batch distillation are simulated using a commercial batch distillation package. Experiments validate the simulated separation of a minimum boiling azeotropic mixture.     

Separation of tert‐Butyl Alcohol‐Water Mixtures by a Heterogeneous Azeotropic Batch Distillation Process

Tert‐butyl alcohol and water form an azeotrope at normal pressure. Simple distillation cannot be used to separate these two components. In this article, a systematic study of the separation of tert‐butyl alcohol–water mixtures with an entrainer by heterogeneous azeotropic batch distillation was performed. Based upon the thermodynamic behavior of the ternary mixtures, cyclohexane was chosen as the entrainer. It formed ternary and binary heterogeneous azeotropes with the original components. The process feasibility analysis was validated by using rigorous simulation with chemical process simulation software – HYSYS Plant 2.2 and DISTIL 4.1. Simulation results were then corroborated in a batch experimental column for the selected entrainer.     

乙二胺直接环化产物的分离与模拟

提出以甲苯为共沸剂去除混合溶液中的乙二胺和结晶水的间歇共沸精馏法,最后得到质量分数为96.79%的哌嗪及98.26%三乙烯二胺产品,并以水为萃取剂,实现共沸剂的回收利用。采用Aspen Plus化工模拟软件对精馏分离过程进行模拟计算,设计了4塔精馏分离及共沸剂回收的工业化实验装置,利用灵敏度分析模块对精馏塔各操作参数进行优化,从而获得质量分数分别为98.60%和99.20%的哌嗪和三乙烯二胺产品。     

Feasibility of heterogeneous batch distillation processes

Synthesis of heterogeneous batch distillation is discussed, which aims at splitting azeotropic mixtures by adding an entrainer partially miscible with one of the initial binary mixture components. Key operational parameters are identified such as the amount of entrainer added in the ternary feed, the reflux policy, and the vapor line position by examples. Synthesis and operation are less straightforward for heterogeneous batch distillation than those for the homogeneous case, but offer many advantages: more design alternatives, simplified distillation sequences, a lower consumption of entrainer, and a crossing of distillation boundaries by the still path. Feasibility is assessed using simplified modeling and confirmed using a commercial batch process simulator package. Synthesis expectations and simulated results are verified throughout bench-plant experiments for the separation of the acetonitrile—water mixture using acrylonitrile as a light heterogeneous entrainer.     

Separation of ethyl acetate–isooctane mixture by heteroazeotropic batch distillation

This paper studies the separation of an ethyl acetate–isooctane mixture by heterogeneous azeotropic distillation in a batch rectifying column. An initial list of 60 candidates was studied but only methanol and acetonitrile were obtained as potential heterogeneous entrainers. These entrainers form a low boiling heterogeneous azeotrope with isooctane. Experimental verification of the miscibility gap with isooctane was performed at 25 °C for each entrainer giving a smaller region for methanol than for acetonitrile. Feasibility of the heterogeneous azeotropic batch distillation was carried out experimentally in a laboratory batch distillation column having 44 theoretical equilibrium stages and using a high reflux ratio. Several distillate fractions were taken as a function of the temperature at the top of the column. For both methanol and acetonitrile, the main fraction was defined by the condensed vapor providing a liquid–liquid split of the isooctane/entrainer heteroazeotrope into the decanter. Ethyl acetate impurity was detected in both decanted phases, but in much lower amount when using acetonitrile as entrainer. The process with acetonitrile also resulted in a shorter operating time and higher purity and recovery yield of isooctane as the main distillate product. Pure ethyl acetate remained into the boiler at the end of each process.     

合成氨工艺正丙醇废液精馏处理的工艺技术

采用共沸精馏技术处理合成氨工艺流程中脱碳工段产生的含大量正丙醇混醇废液。本文采用共沸精馏的方法,选用合理可行的共沸剂,在间歇精馏塔内进行正丙醇-水共沸物系的分离实验,优化了该共沸精馏技术处理工业混醇废液的最佳操作条件。结果表明：采用共沸精馏方法,以环己烷为共沸剂,可使原料液中20%～40%的正丙醇含量提纯至质量分数≥95%,塔顶回收的共沸剂质量分数≥97%。该工艺流程较大地减小了设备投资和能耗。实验表明采用共沸精馏技术用于正丙醇-水共沸物系的分离具有可靠性和实用性。     

Separation of ethylene glycol, 1,2-butanediol and 1,2-propanediol with azeotropic distillation

1,2-butanediol (1,2-BDO) and 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PDO) are inevitably side produced in the ethylene glycol (EG) production processes from non-petroleum routes, but are very difficult to separate by the ordinary distillation method because of the closeness of their boiling temperatures to EG, thus compromise the economy of these processes. The azeotropic distillation process using 1-octanol (CPO) as an entrainer to separate EG and 1,2-BDO mixture with or without 1,2-PDO was studied in this paper. Four binary vapour–liquid equilibrium data of EG-1,2-BDO, EG-CPO, 1,2-BDO-CPO, and 1,2-PDO-CPO were measured using an Ellis equilibrium kettle and regressed with the thermodynamic model of non-random two liquid to obtain the corresponding binary interaction parameters. On this basis, azeotropic distillations with CPO as an entrainer were designed to separate EG and 1,2-BDO with or without 1,2-PDO. The complete separation processes, including the azeotropic distillation and CPO recovery process consisting of extraction with H₂O and subsequent distillation, were simulated and optimized with Aspen Plus for both the EG-1,2-BDO binary mixture and the EG-1,2-BDO-1,2-PDO ternary mixture. The simulation results show that the azeotropic distillation method with CPO as an entrainer can effectively separate the mixture of EG-1,2-BDO and EG-1,2-BDO-1,2-PDO, achieving EG of 99.90% purity with 99.98% recovery and 1,2-BDO of 99.30% purity with 99.45% recovery for the binary mixture, and achieving EG of 99.90% purity with 99.80% recovery, 1,2-BDO of 99.35% purity with 99.35% recovery, and 1,2-PDO of 90.59% purity with 94.38% recovery for the ternary mixture. These processes are promising for industrial application and can significantly improve the economy of non-petroleum EG production.